A review of Baya Weaver Ploceus philippinus (Linnaeus, 1766) (Aves: Passeriformes: Ploceidae): ecological and conservation status
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Baya Weaver Ploceus philippinus is a highly social and gregarious bird of the family Ploceidae that has been recently listed as ‘Least Concern’ by the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. In India, four species of genus Ploceus are reported to date. This study focused on the appearance, distribution, diet specificity, nesting ecology, mating behaviour, and physiological responses to seasonal changes of P. philippinus. Populations have declined due to poor cultivation practices by farmers, rapid urbanization, and industrialization that have resulted in habitat loss. Weaver birds also face threats due to natural predators such as birds, and from insect damage to chicks, eggs, and nests.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors own the copyright to the articles published in JoTT. This is indicated explicitly in each publication. The authors grant permission to the publisher Wildlife Information Liaison Development (WILD) Society to publish the article in the Journal of Threatened Taxa. The authors recognize WILD as the original publisher, and to sell hard copies of the Journal and article to any buyer. JoTT is registered under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY), which allows authors to retain copyright ownership. Under this license the authors allow anyone to download, cite, use the data, modify, reprint, copy and distribute provided the authors and source of publication are credited through appropriate citations (e.g., Son et al. (2016). Bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) of the southeastern Truong Son Mountains, Quang Ngai Province, Vietnam. Journal of Threatened Taxa 8(7): 8953–8969. https://doi.org/10.11609/jott.2785.8.7.8953-8969). Users of the data do not require specific permission from the authors or the publisher.
References
Abdar, M.R. (2013). Nesting Ecology of Baya Weaver Ploceus Philippinus (Linnaeus): Passeriformes pp 75–80. In: Jadhav, B., U. Jadhav & U. Bagde. Current Trends in Life Sciences. Lambert Academy Publishing, Saarbrücken, Germany, 209 pp.
Ali, S. & S.D. Ripley (1987). Birds of India and Pakistan. Oxford University Press, New Delhi, 737 pp.
Ali, S. & V.C. Ambedkar (1957). Further notes on Baya, Ploceus philippinus (Linn.). Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 54(3): 491–502.
Ali, S. (1931). The nesting habits of the Baya (Ploceus philippinus). Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 4(4): 947–964.
Ali, S., Vijayakumar & V.C. Ambedkar (1956). Notes on the Baya weaver Bird. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 53: 381–389.
Ambedkar, V.C. (1958). Notes on the Baya breeding season. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 55(1): 100–106.
Ambedkar, V.C. (1964). Some Indian Weaver Birds: A Contribution to their Breeding Biology. University of Bombay, Bombay, 75 pp.
Arigela, R.K., R.K. Singh, N. Siddabathula, K. Prasad & B.S. Yadav (2021). Botanical view of the Baya Weaver’s choices in India. Species 22(70): 420–430.
Asokan, S., M.S. Ali & R. Nagarajan (2008). Studies on nest construction and nest microclimate of the Baya Weaver, Ploceus philippinus (Linn.). Journal of Environmental Biology 29: 393–396.
Baker, J.R. (1938). The relation between latitude and breeding seasons in birds. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 108: 557–582. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1939.tb00042.x
BirdLife International (2016). Ploceus philippinus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T22719005A94606190. Accessed on 08 July 2022. https://doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22719005A96006190.en
Borges, S.D., M. Desai & A.B. Shanbhang (2002). Selection of nest platforms and the differential use of nest building fibers by the Baya Weaver Ploceus philippinus Linn. Tropical Biology 15: 17–25. https://doi.org/10.1080/03946975.2002.10531164 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/03946975.2002.10531164
Brisson, M.J. (1760). Ornithology, or a methodical synopsis showing the division of birds into orders. Vol. 3. Joannes-Baptista Bauche, Paris, 734 pp.
Brisson, M.J. (1st ed.) (1760). Ornithology, or method containing the division of birds into orders, sections, genera, species and their varieties. To which has been added an exact description of each species, with the citations of the authors who have dealt with them, the names they have given them, those given to them by different nations, and the common names. Cl. Jean-Baptiste Bauche, Paris, 4: 576 pp.
Collias, N.E. & E.C. Collias (1962). An experimental study of the mechanisms of nest building in a weaver bird. The Auk 79: 568–595. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/4082640
Collias, N.E. & E.C. Collias (1964). The development of nest building behavior in a weaver bird. The Auk 81: 42–52. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/4082609
Collias, N.E & E.C. Collias (1964b). Evolution of nest-building in the weaverbirds. University of California Publications in Zoology 73: 1–162.
Collias, N.E. & E.C. Collias (1959). Breeding behaviours of the Black-headed Weaver bird, Textor cucullatus graueri (Hartert), in the Belgian Congo. Proceedings of the First Pan-African Ornithological Congress, Ostrich, Suppl. No. 3: 233–241. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00306525.1959.9633329
Collias, N.E. & E.C. Collias (1984). Nest building and bird behaviour. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 358 pp. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/9781400853625
Cresswell, W. (1997). Nest predation: the relative effects of nest characteristics, clutch size and parental behaviour. Animal Behaviour 53(1): 93–103. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1006/anbe.1996.0281
Crook, J.H. (1960). Studies on the reproductive behavior of the Baya Weaver bird Ploceus philippinus (Linn.). Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 57(1): 1–44.
Crook, J.H. (1964). The evolution of social Organisation and visual communication in the weaver birds (Ploceinae). Brill – book. 178 pp. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004629172
Cuvier, G. (1816). The Animal Kingdom distributed according to its organization: to serve as a basis for the natural history of animals and an introduction to comparative anatomy (in French), 3rd edition, Vol. 1. Déterville, Paris, 383 pp.
Davis, T.A. (1971). Variation in nest structure of the common weaver birds P. philippinus of India. Forma et functio 4: 225–239.
Davis, T.A. (1974). Selection of nesting trees and the frequency of nest visits by Baya weaver bird. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 71(3): 356–366.
Grewal, B., S. Sen., S. Singh., N. Devasar & G. Bhatia (2016). A pictorial field guide to birds of India, Pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan, Sri Lanka and Bangladesh. Om Book International, Noida, 792 pp.
Grimmett, R., C. Inskipp & T. Inskipp (1998). Birds of the Indian Subcontinent, 1st edition. Christopher Helm, A & C Black, London, 888 pp.
Grimmett, R., C. Inskipp & T. Inskipp (2016). Birds of the Indian Subcontinent: India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh and the Maldives. Bloomsbury Publishing, India, 448 pp.
Hartert, E. (1902). On birds from Pahang, eastern Malay Peninsula. Novitates Zoologicae 9: 537–580. https://doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22719005A94606190.en DOI: https://doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22719005A94606190.en
Immelmann, K. (1971). Ecological aspects of periodic reproduction. Avian biology 1: 341–389.
Inskipp, C., R. Allen., T. Inskipp & R. Grimmett (2011). Birds of the Indian Subcontinent. United Kindom: Christopher Helm, 528 pp.
Jong, M., L. Jeninga, J.Q. Ouyang, K. Oers, K. Spoelstra & M.E. Visser (2015). Dose-dependent responses of avian daily rhythms to artificial light at night. Physiology and Behavior 155: 172–179. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2015.12.012
Kale, M.A., N. Dudhe, R. Kasambe & P. Bhattacharya (2014). Crop Depredation by Birds in Deccan Plateau, India. International Journal of Biodiversity 2014: 8. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/947683 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/947683
Kumar, J., S. Malik., S.K. Bhardwaj & S. Rani (2018). Bright light at night alters the perception of daylength in Indian weaver bird (Ploceus philippinus). Journal of Experimental Zoology Part A: Ecological and Integrative Physiology 329(8–9): 488–496. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jez.2201
Kumar, V. & B.K. Follett (1993a). The nature of photoperiodic clock in vertebrates. Proceeding Zoological Society of Calcutta, J.B.S. Haldane Commemoration Volume: 217–227.
Kumar, V., S. Singh, M. Misra, S. Malik & S. Rani (2002). Role of melatonin in photoperiodic time measurement in the migratory redheaded bunting (Emberiza bruniceps) and the nonmigratory Indian weaver bird (Ploceus philippinus). Journal of Experimental Zoology 292: 277–286. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jez.10079
Lack, D. (1954). The natural regulation of animal numbers. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 343 pp.
Lack, D. (1968). Ecological adaptations for breeding in birds. Methuen and Co., London, 409 pp.
Linnaeus, C. (1766). The system of nature through the three kingdoms of nature, according to classes, orders, genera, species, with characters, differences, synonyms, places, Vol 1, 12th edition reformed. Lawrence Salvius, Holmiae, 532 pp.
Martin, T.E. (1993). Nest predation among vegetation layers and habitat types: revising the dogmas. The American Naturalist 141(6): 897–913. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/285515
Mohanathan, P. & A. Preston (2018). Nesting behavior of the Baya weaver bird, Ploceus philippinus (Linnaeus) (Passeriformes: Ploceidae) in rural Tamil Nadu, India. International Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences 44(1): 33–42.
Morley, A. (1943). Sexual behaviour in British birds from October to January. IBIS International journal of avian science 85: 132–158. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1474-919X.1943.tb03823.x
Narasimhacharya, A.V.R.L. (1987). Investigations on hormonal factors integument and certain aspects of breeding biology of the male Indian baya weaver bird Ploceus philippinus l. Ph.D. thesis, Department of Bio Science, Sardar Patel University, 215 pp.
Narasimhacharya, A.V.R.L., V.C. Kotak & P.J. Sharp (1988). Environmental and hormonal interactions in the regulation of seasonal breeding in free‐living male Indian baya weaver birds (Ploceus philippinus). Journal of Zoology 215(2): 239–248. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1988.tb04898.x
Pandey, R.K. & S.K. Bhardwaj (2015). Photoperiodic regulation of seasonal responses in Indian weaver bird (Ploceus philippinus). Biological Rhythm Research 46(4): 483–495. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09291016.2015.1020204
Pandian, M. & P. Ahimaz (2018). Nesting behavior of the Baya Weaver Bird, Ploceus philippinus (Linnaeus) (Passeriformes: Ploceidae) in rural Tamil Nadu, India. International Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences 44(1): 33–42.
Pandian, M. (2018). Baya Weaver Bird: Nest colonies and abnormal nests of Ploceus philippinus in Tindivanam Taluk, Tamil Nadu, India. Bird-o-soar. In: Zoo’s Print 33(12): 15–27.
Pandian, M. (2021a). Nesting habits of Baya Weaver Ploceus philippinus (Linnaeus, 1776) in rural Arakkonam Taluk, Vellore district, Tamil Nadu, India. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 118: 03–17. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17087/jbnhs/2021/v118/144638
Pandian, M. (2021b). Incidences of White-rumped Munia occupying the nest of Baya Weaver in Villupuram District, Tamil Nadu. Bird-o-soar 65, In: Zoo’s Print 36(1): 07–09.
Pandian, M. (2022). Nesting habits of the Baya Weaver Ploceus philippinus (Linnaeus, 1766) in the agricultural landscape of Tindivanam, Tamil Nadu, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa 14(5): 20970–20987. https://doi.org/10.11609/jott.7762.14.5.20970-20987 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11609/jott.7762.14.5.20970-20987
Quader, S. (2003). Nesting and mating decisions and their consequences in the Baya Weaverbird Ploceus philippinus. PhD Thesis. Graduate School, University of Florida, 116 pp.
Quader, S. (2005). Elaborate Nests in a Weaver birds: Arole for female choice? Ethology 111: 1073–1088. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0310.2005.01134.x
Quader, S. (2006). Sequential settlement by nesting male and female Baya weaverbirds Ploceus philippinus: the role of monsoon winds. Journal of Avian Biology 37:396–404. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0908-8857.2006.03607.x
Raap, T., R. Pinxten & M. Eens (2015). Light pollution disrupts sleep-in free-living animals. Science Reports 5(8): 13557. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/srep13557
Raju, A.J.S. (2009). Nesting behaviourof the Baya Weaver bird, Ploceus philippinus (Ploceidae) and the life-cycle of the Plains Cupidbutterfly, Chilades pandava (Lycaenidae) with thered-listed Cycas sphaerica and C. beddomei (Cycadaceae). Journal of Threatened Taxa 1(8): 429–433. https://doi.org/10.11609/JoTT.o21735.429-33 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11609/JoTT.o21735.429-33
Rani, S., S. Singh & V. Kumar (2007). Photoperiodism, pineal clock and seasonal reproduction in the Indian weaver bird (Ploceus philippinus). Journal of Ornithology 148(2): 601–610. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10336-007-0236-z
Schmidt, K.A. & C.J. Whelan (1999). Nest placement and mortality: is nest predation a random event in space and time? The Condor 101(4): 916–920. https://doi.org/10.2307/1370089 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/1370089
Sengupta, S. (1974). The Common Baya (Ploceus philippinus) - a serious pest of agriculture. Current Science 43: 24–125.
Sharma, S.K. (1990). Orientation of nest colonies by Baya Weaver Birds. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 87(3): 454–455.
Sharma, S.K. (1995). A study of abnormal nests of Baya weaver bird Ploceus philippinus (Linn.) in Rajasthan. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 92(1): 67–76.
Sharp, P.J., R. Massa, L. Bottoni, V. Lucini, R.W. Lea, I.C. Dunn & V. Trocchi (1986). Photoperiodic and endocrine control of seasonal breeding in grey partridge (Perdix perdix). Journal of Zoology 209(2): 187–200. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1986.tb03575.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1986.tb03575.x
Sidhu, S.K. & T.K. Kler (2021). Assessment of Heavy Metal Contamination in Excreta of Baya Weaver Bird (Ploceus philippinus) from Three Districts of Different Zones of Punjab. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 106(5): 799–804. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-021-03181-z
Singh, S. & A. Chandola (1981). Photoperiodic control of seasonal reproduction in a tropical weaver bird. Journal of Experimental Zoology 216: 293–298. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jez.1402160210
Stiels, D. & K. Schidelko (2013). Records of Indian’ Baya Weaver Ploceus philippinus (Linnaeus, 1766) and Hooded Wheatear Oenanthe monacha (Temminck, 1825) from Afghanistan (Aves: Passeriformes). Bonn Zoological bulletin 62(2): 171–176.
Stokkan, K.A. & P.J. Sharp (1980). Seasonal changes in the concentrations of plasma luteinizing hormone and testosterone in willow ptarmigan (Lagopus lagopus lagopus) with observations on the effects of permanent short days. General and Comparative Endocrinology 40: 109–115. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-6480(80)90101-X
Surender G., R.V. Vasudeva, S.S Mahesh, R.S. Tripati & K. Swamy (2018). Unusual Depredatory Birds in Sunflower and Sorghum. Entomology Ornithology Herpetology: Current research 7: 291. https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0983.1000291
Thapliyal, J.P. & R.N. Saxena (1964). Absence of a refractory period in the common Weaver bird. The Condor 66: 199–208. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/1365644
Touitou, Y., A. Reinberg & D. Touitou (2017). Association between light at night, melatonin secretion, sleep deprivation, and the internal clock: Health impacts and mechanisms of circadian disruption. Life Sciences 173: 94–106. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2017.02.008
Ubuka, T., G.E. Bentley, K. Ukena, J.C. Wingfield & K. Tsutsui (2005). Melatonin induces the expression of gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone in the avian brain. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 102: 3052–3057. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0403840102
Kumar, V., N. Jain & B.K. Follett (1996). The photoperiodic clock in black headed buntings (Emberizamelanocephala) is mediated by a self-sustaining circadian system. Journal of Comparative Physiology A 179: 59–64. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00193434
Venkataramani, K. (1981). Nests of weaver birds on telegraph wires. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 21: 18.
Welty, C.J. (1982). The Life of Birds. W.B. Saunders Co., New York, 754 pp.
Wood, C.A. (1926). The nest of the Baya Weaver bird. The Auk 43(3): 295–302. https://doi.org/10.2307/4075422 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/4075422