Migratory Pallas’s Gull Larus ichthyaetus (Pallas, 1773): a new record from Sikkim, the eastern Himalaya, India
Main Article Content
Abstract
The present study documents the first sightings of the migratory Pallas’s Gull at two different locations (Cholamu Lake and Singtam Valley) in the eastern Himalayan state of Sikkim in India. We recommend that long term surveys are required to determine and establish the distribution and status of the species in the state.
ÂArticle Details
Authors own the copyright to the articles published in JoTT. This is indicated explicitly in each publication. The authors grant permission to the publisher Wildlife Information Liaison Development (WILD) Society to publish the article in the Journal of Threatened Taxa. The authors recognize WILD as the original publisher, and to sell hard copies of the Journal and article to any buyer. JoTT is registered under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY), which allows authors to retain copyright ownership. Under this license the authors allow anyone to download, cite, use the data, modify, reprint, copy and distribute provided the authors and source of publication are credited through appropriate citations (e.g., Son et al. (2016). Bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) of the southeastern Truong Son Mountains, Quang Ngai Province, Vietnam. Journal of Threatened Taxa 8(7): 8953–8969. https://doi.org/10.11609/jott.2785.8.7.8953-8969). Users of the data do not require specific permission from the authors or the publisher.
References
Aarif, K.M., S. Babu & M. Basheer (2011). Arrival and Departure of Pallas’s Gulls Larus ichthyaetus in Kerala, southern India. Podoces 6(2): 126–129.
Acharya, B.K. & L. Vijayan (2011). The birds of sikkim: an analysis of elevational distribution, endemism and threats, pp. 255-282. In:
Arrawatia, M.L. & S. Tambe (eds.). Biodiversity of Sikkim Exploring and Conserving a Global Hotspot. Published by Department of Information and Public Relations, Government of Sikkim, Gangtok.
Alfred, J.R.B. & N.C. Nandi (2000). Faunal diversity in Indian wetlands. ENVIS Newsletter, Zoological Society of India, Kolkata 6(2): 1–3.
Ali, S. (2002). The Book of Indian Birds - 13th Edition. Oxford University Press, Delhi.
Berthold, P., H.G. Bauer & V. Westhead (2001). Bird Migration: A General Survey. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
Boere, G.C. & D.A. Stroud (2006). The flyway concept: what it is and what it isn’t, pp. 40–47. In: Boere,, G.C., C.A. Galbraith & D.A. Stroud (eds.). Waterbirds Around The World. The Stationery Office, Edinburgh.
BirdLife International (2016). Country profile: India. Available from: http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/country/india. Checked: 01 October 2016.
Burger, J., M. Gochfeld & E. de Juana (2013). Pallas’s Gull (Larus ichthyaetus). In: del Hoyo, J., A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D.A. Christie & E. de Juana (eds.) Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Editions, Barcelona.
Chettri, N., R. Jackson & E. Sharma (2005). Birds of Khecheopalri and Yuksam-Dzongri Trekking Corridor West Sikkim. Journal of Hill Research 18(1): 16–25.
Datta, T.A., S.B. Roy, S. Sengupta, A. Mohapatra & G. Maheswaran (2016). Pallas’s or Great Black-headed Gull’s (Larus ichthyaetus) feeding preference for toxic Lunartail Puffer (Lagocephalus lunaris). Current Science 111(3): 467–469.
Del Hoyo, J., A. Elliott & J. Sargatal (1996). Handbook of the Birds of the World. Volume 3: Hoatzin to Auks, Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.
Del Hoyo, J., A. Elliot, J. Sargatal (eds.) (1992-2001): Handbook of the Birds of the World. Vols 1–6. Lynx Editions, Barcelona (www.hbw.com).
Ganguli-Lachungpa, U. (1990a). Brahminy Duck Tadorna ferruginea (Pallas) breeding in Sikkim. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 87: 290.
Ganguli-Lachungpa, U. (1990b). Osprey Pandion haliaetus in Sikkim. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 87: 291.
Ganguli-Lachungpa, U. (1992). Occurrence of Black-necked Grebe Podiceps nigricollis (Brehm.), Little Grebe P. ruficollis (Pallas) and Goosander Mergus merganser (Linn.) in West Sikkim. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 88: 280.
Ganguli-Lachungpa, U. (1994). The waterbirds of Sikkim: A list. PANDA. A Bi-annual newsletter of Forest, Environment and Wildlife Management Department, Govt. of Sikkim 1(2): 27.
Ganguli-Lachungpa, U. (1998). Attempted breeding of the Black-necked Crane Grus nigricollis (Przevalski) in north Sikkim. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 95: 341.
Ganguli-Lachungpa, U (2003). Common Coot Fulica atra from Kyongnosla in East Sikkim. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 95: 508.
Jian, C.Y., M.M. Shao & X.H. Chen (1991). The birds of Nagqu region, Tibet. Sichuan Journal of Zoology 10: 10–13.
Kumar, A., J.P. Sati, P.C. Tak & J.R.B. Alfred (2005). Handbook on Indian Wetland Birds and their Conservation. Zoological Survey of India, New Delhi, 468pp.
Kumar, A., J.P. Sati & P.C. Tak (2003). Checklist of Indian Waterbirds. Buceros 8(1): 1–29.
Leepage, D. (2014). Avibase- Bird Checklists of the World Sikkim. BirdLife International, Website hosted by Canada, the Canadian copartner of BirdLife International. (http://avibase.bsceoc.org/checklist.jsp?region=INehsk&list=howardmoore).
Liao, Y.F., X. Wang, H.W. Luo & D.N. Liu (1984). The primary studies on the breeding behaviours of Black-headed Gulls in Qinghai Lake. Chinese Journal of Zoology 5: 21–25.
Li, Z. W.D. & T. Mundkur (2007). Numbers and distribution of waterbirds and wetlands in the Asia-Pacific region: results of the Asian Waterbird Census 2002–2004. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: Wetlands International.
Narwade, S., D. Varier & T. Nakashe (2012). Data discovery and information dissemination service of the Environmental Information System (ENVIS) Centre on Avian Ecology at BNHS, India. Buceros 17(2): 3–15.
Wang, X.T. (1991). Great Black-headed Gull, pp. 473–474. In: Wang, X.T. (ed.). Vertebrate Fauna of Gansu. Gansu Science and Technology Press, Moscow.
Zhang, G.G., D.P. Liu, H.X. Jiang, Y.Q. Hou, M. Dai & G.Z. Chu (2008). The current status of waterbirds after Avian influenza outbreak in Qinghai Lake, China. Chinese Journal of Zoology 43: 51–56.
Zhang, G.G., D.P. Liu, Y.Q. Hou, H.X. Jiang, M. Dal, F.W. Qian, J. Lu, T. Ma & L-X. Chen (2014). Larus ichthyaetus breeding at Qinghai Lake, China determined by satellite tracking. Forktail 30: 104–108.