Journal of Threatened Taxa |
www.threatenedtaxa.org | 26 October 2020 | 12(14): 17057–17059
ISSN 0974-7907 (Online) | ISSN 0974-7893
(Print)
doi: https://doi.org/10.11609/jott.6217.12.14.17057-17059
#6217 | Received 25 May 2020 | Final received
02 July 2020 | Finally accepted 08 October 2020
Hypecoum pendulum L. (Papaveraceae: Ranunculales): a
new record for the flora of Haryana, India
Naina Palria
1, Nidhan Singh 2 & Bhoo
Dev Vashistha 3
1 Department of Botany, Government
College, Narnaund, Hisar, Haryana 125039, India.
2 Department of Botany, I.B. (PG)
College, Panipat, Haryana 132103, India.
3 Department of Botany, Kurukshetra
University, Kurukshetra, Haryana 136119, India.
1 nainapalria@gmail.com, 2 nidhansinghkuk@gmail.com
(corresponding author), 3 bdvashistha@gmail.com
Editor: D.S. Rawat, G.B. Pant University
of Agriculture & Technology Pantnagar, India. Date
of publication: 26 October 2020 (online & print)
Citation: Palria,
N., N. Singh & B.D. Vashistha (2020). Hypecoum pendulum L. (Papaveraceae:
Ranunculales): a new record for the flora of Haryana,
India. Journal of
Threatened Taxa 12(14): 17057–17059. https://doi.org/10.11609/jott.6217.12.14.17057-17059
Copyright: © Palria et al. 2020. Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. JoTT allows
unrestricted use, reproduction, and distribution of this article in any medium
by providing adequate credit to the author(s) and the source of publication.
Funding: Council of Scientific
and Industrial Research (CSIR), New Delhi, India.
Competing interests: The authors
declare no competing interests.
Acknowledgements: Authors are indebted to the
Department of Botany, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra for providing
opportunity to do this work, and to the Council of Scientific and Industrial
Research (CSIR), New Delhi for funding to carry out this work. Authors also acknowledge the digital specimen
access facility provided by the Kew Herbarium and Edinburgh Herbarium.
Genus Hypecoum Tourn. ex
L. is the only member of subfamily Hypecooideae Prantl & Kundig belonging to
the family Papaveraceae Juss.
(Stevens 2001). It is represented by
15–20 species all over the world, with its distribution range from southern
France, the Mediterranean region, northern Africa to southwestern Asia (Mabberley 2017; POWO 2019).
In India, the genus is represented by three taxa within two species: Hypecoum leptocarpum
Hook.f. & Thomson, H. pendulum
L. var. pendulum and H. pendulum var. parviflorum
(Kar. & Kir.) Cullen (Debnath & Nayar 1984; Ellis & Balakrishnan 1993; Kundu
2008). Debnath & Nayar
(1984, p.46) have mentioned two varieties of H. pendulum as
closely allied with overlapping characters.
Currently, H. pendulum var. pendulum and H. pendulum
var. parviflorum are considered synonyms of H.
pendulum in POWO (2019), WFO (2020).
Two known species in India (H. leptocarpum
and H. pendulum) can be easily differentiated based on distinctly
yellow flowers, mid lobe of inner petal being fimbriate, fruits larger, 30–75
mm long, and drooping on curved pedicel in H. pendulum in
comparison to pinkish-violet to white flowers, mid lobe of inner petal being
non-fimbriate, fruits smaller, 12–30 mm long, and erect at maturity in H.
leptocarpum (Ellis & Balakrishnan 1993).
During a
botanical exploration, the first author came across an interesting wild herb
growing around the cultivated fields, near Satrod
Kalan Village of Hisar District, Haryana State.
The number of individuals were very few and scattered, thus only three specimens
were collected for reference and photographs were recorded in the field. After a detailed study of the relevant
literature (Debnath & Nayar 1984; Ellis &
Balakrishnan 1993), and studying the available herbarium records, these
specimens were identified as Hypecoum
pendulum L. This species was
recorded for the first time in India from Kashmir (Singh 1975) and later from
Rajasthan (Sharma 1976). As there is no
previous record of H. pendulum L. in the published botanical literature
for Haryana State (Jain et al. 2000; Kumar 2001), it is hereby being reported
as the first authentic distribution record from the state. The collected voucher specimens (Image 2),
have been deposited in the herbarium of Department of Botany, Kurukshetra
University, Kurukshetra, Haryana.
Hypecoum pendulum L.,
Sp. Pl. 124,
1753; Singh in Geobios 2: 91. 1975; H.S. Debnath & M.P. Nayar,
Fasc. Fl. India 17: 45. 1984; J.L. Ellis & N.P. Balakr.
in B.D. Sharma & N.P. Balakr., Fl. India 2: 87.
1993. H. procumbens auct non. L.; Hook. f. & Thomson in Fl. Ind. 275, 1855
and in Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 1: 120, 1872; Sharma in J. Bombay Nat. Hist.
Soc. 73: 422–423, 1976.
Annual,
procumbent, glaucous herb, about 5------------------–30 cm tall, tap root well
developed. Radical leaves many, forming a rosette at base, 3–10 cm long,
petiole flat; lamina 2–3 pinnatisect, segments linear to setaceous, 2–6 mm
long, apex acute; cauline leaves sub-opposite, palmatisect. Flowering stems many, dichotomously branched;
inflorescence terminal, few-flowered cyme.
Flowers small, ca. 5mm across, yellow, pedicellate; pedicel 5–12 mm
long, nutant after flowering; bracts narrowly lobed;
sepals two, 1.5–2 mm, broadly obovate, deciduous; petals four, yellow,
two-whorled; outer one rhomboid, inner one tripartite; middle lobe fimbriate,
spathulate, longer than the lateral two; lateral lobes elliptic-oblong,
partially divergent, spotted with maroon-black dots. Stamens four, opposite to petals, filaments
black-spotted, two glands at the base of each filament, anthers yellow, linear;
ovary cylindrical, stigmas two, recurved.
Fruits 3–7 cm long, pendulous, lomentaceous;
seeds very small, brown in colour (Image 1).
Specimens examined: KUK- NP 127, 19.iii.2017, 29.107°N
& 75.815°E, 210m, Satrod Kalan, Hisar, Haryana,
coll. Naina; KUK- NP 151, 20.iv.2020, 29.084°N &
75.795°E, 210m, Tibba, Ladwa,
Hisar, Haryana, coll. Naina; K000283528!; K000283530!
(Digital images at Kew Herbarium); E00392708! (Digital image at Edinburgh
Herbarium).
H. pendulum L. naturally
grows in dry and sandy soils along with some other herbs like Arnebia hispidissima (Lehm.) A. DC., Heliotropium
curassavicum L., Asphodelus
tenuifolius Cav. etc. The plant is rare in the area, and may
usually remain unnoticed due to dissected, grass-like foliage and small, dull
yellow flowers. In the vegetative phase,
it can easily be overlooked for being any monocot. Besides, the fragmented or patchy
distribution, the very short flowering-fruiting period also forms the cause
behind this being unnoticed. During a
recent visit in April, 2020 to a surrounding area, 50–60 individuals were found
growing on sandy cliffs, locally named as “Tibba”, in
Ladwa Village, Hisar District.
Flowering:
April–May; Fruiting: May–August.
Distribution
in India: Haryana, Jammu & Kashmir, Rajasthan.
References
Debnath, H.S. & M.P. Nayar (1984). Papaveraceae & Hypecoaceae. Fascicles of Flora of India 17: 42–46.
Ellis, J.L. & N.P.
Balakrishnan (1993). Fumariaceae, pp. 34–87. In: Sharma, B.D.
& N.P. Balakrishnan (Eds.). Flora of India, Volume 2. BSI, Calcutta,
625pp.
Jain, S.P.,
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