Journal of Threatened Taxa |
www.threatenedtaxa.org | 26 May 2021 | 13(6): 18559–18577
ISSN 0974-7907 (Online) | ISSN 0974-7893
(Print)
https://doi.org/10.11609/jott.6203.13.6.18559-18577
#6203 | Received 21 May 2020 | Final received
10 May 2021 | Finally accepted 15 May 2021
Checklists of subfamilies
Dryptinae and Panagaeinae (Insecta: Coleoptera: Carabidae) from the Indian
subcontinent
V.A. Jithmon 1 & Thomas K. Sabu 2
1, 2 Entomology Research Unit, Post
Graduate & Research Department of Zoology, St. Joseph’s College, Devagiri,
Kozhikode, Kerala 673008, India.
1 jithmon777@gmail.com, 2 sabukthomas@gmail.com
(corresponding author)
Editor: Hasko Friedrich Nesemann, Im
Obergarten, Germany. Date of publication: 26 May 2021
(online & print)
Citation: Jithmon, V.A. & T.K. Sabu (2021). Checklists of subfamilies Dryptinae
and Panagaeinae (Insecta: Coleoptera: Carabidae) from the Indian subcontinent. Journal of Threatened Taxa 13(6): 18559–18577. https://doi.org/10.11609/jott.6203.13.6.18559-18577
Copyright: © Jithmon & Sabu 2021. Creative Commons Attribution
4.0 International License. JoTT allows
unrestricted use, reproduction, and distribution of this article in any medium
by providing adequate credit to the author(s) and the source of publication.
Funding: Department of Science and Technology
(DST SERB), Government of India.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing
interests.
Author details: V.A. Jithmon completed PhD in Zoology
(Entomology) under the guidance of Dr. Sabu K. Thomas from St. Joseph’s
College, affiliated to the University of Calicut. Area of specialisation is
taxonomy of Carabidae. Worked as a project fellow in DST-SERB major Project
titled “Taxonomy and Barcoding of south Indian Carabidae”. Discovered two new
Carabidae species. Sabu K Thomas, Principal, St. Joseph’s College (Autonomous)
and is Professor of Zoology. Ecology
and taxonomy of Dung beetles and Carabidae, home invading nuisance pest, Luprops
tristis are areas of interest. Currently engaged with updating the taxonomy
of Indian Carabidae by preparation of revised checklists and taxonomic keys.
Discovered 18 new Carabidae species and 11 dung beetle species.
Author contribution: SKT and Jithmon VAJ reviewed the
earlier works and discussed the distribution patterns. VAJ conducted the field studies, preparations
of the plates and specimens.
Acknowledgements: Financial assistance from
Department of Science and Technology (DST SERB), Government of India is
gratefully acknowledged. We thank and acknowledge Azadeh Taghavian (Muséum
National d’Historie Naturelle, Paris, France); Jiri Hajek (National Museum,
Prague, Czech Republic), Bernd Jeager (Natural History Museum Berlin, Germany);
Harald Schillhammer (Natural History Museum, Vienna, Austria) for facilitating
the analysis of specimens. We are grateful to Kerala Forest and Wild Life
Department for specimen collection permissions and Akhil S. V. (St. Joseph’s
College, Devagiri, Kozhikode) for logistical support.
Abstract: Distribution patterns and
literature details of 45 Dryptinae and 33 Panagaeinae species reported from the
Indian subcontinent are provided. Out of
the 45 Dryptinae species, six species are endemic to the Western Ghats & Sri
Lanka hotspot of biodiversity, two species are endemic to the Indo-Burma
hotspot of biodiversity and two species are endemic to the Himalaya hotspot of
biodiversity. Distribution patterns
revealed that 24 Dryptinae species are endemic to the Indian subcontinent with
22 species recorded from the Oriental (ORR) region and two from the Palearctic
(PAR) region. Out of the 33 Panagaeinae
species, 20 species are endemic to the Indian subcontinent with 17 of these
species distributed in the Oriental region; two in the Palearctic region and
one species in both Oriental and Palearctic regions. Seven species are endemic to the Western
Ghats & Sri Lanka hotspot of biodiveristy and two endemic to the Himalaya
hotspot of biodiversity. Six Panagaeinae
species and seven Dryptinae species recorded only from the Western Ghats and Sri Lanka
hotspot of biodiversity are likely to be representatives of the Gondwana
remnants. Genus Ardistomopsis with
five species is endemic to the Indian subcontinent.
Keywords: Dryptini, Galeritini, ground
beetle, Panagaeini, Peliciini, Zuphini.
Introduction
Globally, 560 species from 30
genera have been described from the subfamily Dryptinae (Lorenz 2005) and 387
species in 29 genera are described from the subfamily Panagaeinae (Hackel &
Farkac 2012). Dryptinae (Dryptiini
Bonelli, 1810, Zuphiini Bonelli, 1810 & Galeritiini Leconte, 1853) and
Panagaeinae (Peliciini Chaudoir, 1880 & Panagaeini Bonelli, 1810) are two
lesser known Carabidae subfamilies from the Indian subcontinent with 45 species
and 33 species, respecitively. Andrewes
(1930) recorded 15 Dryptinae species and 11 Pangaeinae species from Indian
subcontinent. Taxonomic studies on these
groups from Indian subcontinent have been infrequent since 1930 (Jedlicka 1935; Andrewes 1936; Landin
1955; Jedlicka 1956; Darlington 1968; Mateu 1981; Straneo & Ball 1989;
Baehr 1990; Xie & Yu 1991; Mateu 1992; Baehr 1998; Kirschenofer
2000; Liang & Kavanaugh 2007; Kirschenhofer 2011; Hackel &
Kirschenhofer 2014; Jithmon & Sabu 2018).
World Catalogue of Carabidae
(Lorenz 2005) provided up to date nomenclatural information on Dryptinae and
Panagaeinae and the Catalogue of Palearctic Coleoptera (Lobl & Lobl 2017)
provided countrywise details and related bibliographic references of Palearctic
region. World Checklist of Panagaeinae
(Hackel & Farkac 2012) provided country wise data including India for the
subfamily Panagaeinae but no species specific regional distribution data. In general, lack of species specific regional
distribution data and reference details hinders taxonomic analysis of the
Dryptinae and Panagaeinae fauna of the Indian subcontinent. In this paper, we provide an up to date
checklist of both subfamilies, with distribution and reference details of all
species recorded in the Indian subcontinent (Indian mainland, Sri Lanka, and
Bangladesh).
Materials
and Methods
Distribution data for each
species was collected by verifying records and descriptions of listed species
between the years of 1781 and 2020.
Listed references were collected by analysing the primary literature,
websites (e.g., Carabidae of the World, Catalogue of Life), and contacting
various carabidologists. Data for 12
Panagaeinae species was collected by examination of the insect collections of
host institutions from various forest insect diversity projects. Indian locality details of 65 species from
the descriptions and records are provided, 13 species with no locality details
in the descriptions are marked as from ‘India’, species from Oriental (ORR) and
Palaeractic (PAR) localities of Indian subcontinent have been categorised as ORR - India/ PAR - India.
Specimens were collected from forests
and agricultural lands in the south Indian states, Kerala and Tamil Nadu using
light traps and by active collecting. Specimens
were identified with the aid of keys available in Liang and Kavanaugh (2004,
2007), Hackel & Kirschenhofer (2014a,b), Fedorenko (2016), Jithmon &
Sabu (2018) and with aid of species descriptions available in various
publications. Verifications were done by
comparing with the types in: MNHN—Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris,
France; ZMUC—University of Copenhagen Zoological Museum, Denmark; ZMHB—Museum
für Naturkunde, Humboldt Universität, Berlin, Germany; MPC—National Museum of
Natural History, Prague, Czech Republic; and NHMW—Naturhistoriches Museum,
Wien, Austria. Images were taken using
Leica M205C Stereo zoom microscope fitted with Leica MC 170 HD digital
camera. Measurements are taken with
Leica LAS V4.5 software and provided in millimetres. Verified specimens were added to the insect collections
of Zoological Survey of India, Kozhikode station.
Separation of the Indian species
from the World catalogue of Carabidae (Lorenz 2005) was done with the aid of
Andrewes (1930), Hackel & Farkac (2012), and Löbl & Löbl (2017) and by
verifying the distribution pattern of each species in the cited literature. One species, Dischissus alaticollis
Bates 1892 (Panagaeinae), known only from the Andamans is excluded from the
list of species in Indian subcontinent.
Abbreviations and markings Used
id. “Idem” (the same; as just mentioned)
ORR Oriental Region
PAR Palaearctic Region
IAR Indo-Australian Region
* Species assessed by the authors.
#
Species with Indian regional distribution data not available.
Checklist of the Indian Dryptinae
with distribution records
I. Tribe Dryptini Bonelli , 1810
Genus 1. Drypta Latreille,
1796
Latreille, 1796: 75; Fabricius,
1801: 230; Latreille, 1806: 117; Dejean, 1825: 182; Schmidt-Goebel, 1846: 22;
Lacordaire, 1854: 79; Andrewes, 1924: 51; id. 1930: 157; Lorenz, 2005: 503.
1. Drypta aenipes Wiedemann,
1823 #
Wiedemann, 1823: 60; Andrewes, 1921:
173; Heller, 1923: 304; Andrewes, 1930: 157; id. 1936: 135; Lorenz, 2005: 503.
Geographical Distribution: ORR -
India, Bangladesh (Dhaka), Myanmar.
2. Drypta aetheria Andrewes,
1936
Andrewes, 1936: 135; Lorenz, 2005:
503.
Geographical Distribution: ORR -
India (Assam).
3. Drypta argillacea
Andrewes, 1924
Andrewes, 1924: 106; id. 1930: 157;
id. 1936: 135; Lorenz, 2005: 503.
Geographic Distribution: ORR - India
(Uttar Pradesh: Bijnor; Maharashtra: Nagpur; Odisha: Ganjam, Surada),
Bangladesh (Dhaka), PAR - India (Uttarakhand: Chakrata, Dehra Dun, Nainital).
4. Drypta cyanopus Andrewes,
1936
Andrewes, 1936: 136; Lorenz, 2005:
503.
Geographic Distribution: ORR -
Bangladesh (Sardah).
5. Drypta crassiuscula
Chaudoir, 1861
Chaudoir, 1861: 550; Andrewes, 1923:
6; id. 1930: 157; id. 1936: 135; Lorenz, 2005: 503.
Geographic Distribution: PAR -
India (Uttarakhand: Dehra Dun).
6. Drypta flavipes Wiedemann,
1823
Wiedemann, 1823: 60; Dejean, 1826:
442; Schmidt-Goebel, 1846: 24; Andrewes, 1921: 173; id. 1930: 158; id. 1936:
135; Lorenz, 2005: 503; Lobl & Lobl, 2017: 500.
=
pallipes Chaudoir, 1850:
33; id. 1861: 518.
Geographic Distribution: PAR - India
(Himachal Pradesh: Shimla; Sikkim), Nepal, Bhutan, ORR - India (Assam).
7. Drypta lineola Macleay,
1825 (Image 1a) *
Macleay, 1825: 27; Dejean, 1825:
184; Redtenbacher, 1867: 4; Chaudoir, 1877: 262; Bates, 1883: 279; id. 1891:
336; id. 1892: 383; Heyne-Tasch, 1898: 13; Bouchard, 1903: 173; Andrewes, 1919:
167; id. 1923 (1924): 460; id. 1924: 469; id. 1930: 158; id. 1936: 135; Lorenz,
2005: 503.
Specimens examined (n= 5): SJC-ZO-CAR001,
15.x.2015, 2 ex. Rajapalayam, 9.4500N, 77.5660E,
275m, light trap, coll. Jithmon V.A. & Akhil S.V.; 18.x.2015, 2 ex.
Kadayam, 8.8320N, 77.3570E, 367m, light trap, coll.
Jithmon V.A. & Akhil S.V.; 03.iii.2015, 1 ex. Padinjarathara, 11.6720N,
75.9390E, 734m, light trap, coll. Jithmon V.A. & Akhil S.V.
Geographical Distribution: ORR -
Throughout India (Tamil Nadu: Rajapalayam, Kadayam; Kerala: Padinjarathara),
Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Malaysia, Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam, and Indonesia (Java,
Sumatra, Borneo).
8. Drypta longicollis Macleay,
1825 #
Macleay, 1825: 28; Liang et al.
2004: 380.
= Drypta longicollis Dejean,
1825: 185.
= Dendrocellus longicollis Dejean;
Bates, 1892: 385.
= Desera longicollis Macleay;
Andrewes, 1919: 168; id. 1930: 142; Heller, 1923: 303; Jedlicka, 1963: 486;
Lorenz, 2005: 504.
Geographic distribution: ORR -
India, Myanmar (Karen hills, Thagata, Tenasserim).
9. Drypta siderea Bates, 1892
Bates, 1892: 382; Andrewes, 1923: 6;
id. 1930: 159; id. 1936: 135; Lorenz, 2005: 503.
Geographic Distribution: ORR - India
(Meghalaya: Garo hills), Myanamar (Karen Hills), Laos. PAR - India
(Uttarakhand: Dehra Dun), China.
Genus 2. Dendrocellus Schmidt
Geobel, 1846
Schmidt-Goebel, 1846: 24; Lacordaire,
1854: 80; Chaudoir, 1861: 545; id. 1872: 101; Bates, 1892: 385; Andrewes, 1930:
141; id. 1939: 133; Jeannel, 1949: 1064; Liang et al. 2004: 379.
= Desera Hope, 1838: 105; Lacordaire, 1854:
80; Dupuis, 1912: 319; Heller, 1923: 303; Csiki, 1932: 1553; Basilewsky, 1960:
177; Jedlicka, 1963: 486; Hansen, 1967: 400; Habu, 1967: 277; Lorenz, 2005:
503.
1. Dendrocellus coelestinus
(Klug, 1834) #
Chaudoir 1861: 545; Liang &
Kavanaugh, 2007: 15; Lobl & Lobl, 2017: 499.
= Drypta coelestina Klug
1834: 53.
= Desera coelestina (Klug),
Andrewes 1927: 100; id. 1930: 141; Lorenz, 2005: 503.
= Dendrocellus parallelus
Chaudoir 1872: 101.
Geographic distribution: ORR - North
India, Myanmar (Carin Cheba), Thailand, Indonesia (Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi),
Malaysia, Laos (Pakneun), PAR - Pakistan (Chiringa), Bhutan, China (Yunnan,
Hainan).
2.
Dendrocellus confusus (Hansen, 1968) #
Liang & Kavanaugh, 2007: 16;
Lobl & Lobl, 2017: 499.
= Desera confusa Hansen, 1968: 164; Lorenz, 2005:
503.
Geographic Distribution: ORR -
India, Indonesia (Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan), Laos, Thailand. PAR - Pakistan
(Ichamati), China (Fujiang; Guangdong; Guangxi), Japan.
3.
Dendrocellus geniculatus (Klug, 1834)
Schmidt-Geobel, 1846: 25; Liang
& Kavanaugh, 2007: 19.
= Drypta geniculata Klug, 1834: 52; Chaudoir, 1872:
192; Bates, 1883: 279; id. 1889: 280; id. 1891: 336; Bouchard, 1903: 173;
Andrewes, 1921: 173; Heller, 1921: 530; Andrewes, 1923: 8; Heller, 1923: 303;
Andrewes, 1924: 469; id. 1930: 142; Lorenz, 2005: 503.
=
Desera (Dendrocellus) gilsoni Dupuis 1912: 319.
=
Desera gilsoni continentalis Hansen 1967: 405.
Var. Dendrocellus rugicollis
Chaudoir, 1861: 546; id. 1872: 102; Andrewes, 1919: 170.
Geographic Distribution: ORR - India
(Tamil Nadu: Pondicherry: Karaikal), Bangladesh, Cambodia, Malaysia (Malacca),
Indonesia (Batoe Doelang; Sumatra), Laos, Thailand (Chiang Mai; Chonburi;
Nakhon Nayok), Vietnam (Annam; Tonkin Hoabinh; Quang Nam). PAR - India
(Sikkim), Bhutan, Pakistan (Ichamati), China (Formosa; Hainan; Fujian;
Shanghai; Guangxi; Guizhou; Guangdong; Yunnan; Sichuan; Tibet), Japan. IAR -
Philippines (Ile Basilan; Laguna; Mindoro).
4.
Dendrocellus inexpectus Liang & Kavanaugh, 2007
Liang & Kavanaugh, 2007: 23.
Geographic Distribution: ORR - India
(Jharkhand: Chota Nagpur: Barway, Konbir; Maharashtra: Mumbai; Karnataka:
Belgaum; Uttar Pradesh: Barnai).
5.
Dendrocellus nepalensis (Hope, 1831)
Chaudoir, 1872: 102; Liang &
Kavanaugh, 2007: 27.
= Desera nepalensis Hope, 1831: 21; Dohrn, 1879: 457;
Andrewes, 1919: 170; Heller, 1923: 303; Andrewes, 1930: 142; Lorenz, 2005: 504.
= Dendrocellus discolour Schmidt-Goebel, 1846: 24; Bates,
1891: 336; Andrewes, 1923: 7; Heller, 1923: 304.
Geographic Distribution: ORR - India
(Assam: Assam valley, Khasi hills, Cachar; Sikkim; West Bengal: Darjiling,
Gopaldhara, Pedong; Jharkhand: Chota Nagpur, Konbir; Rajasthan: Tetara; Tamil
Nadu: Shenbaganur; Manipur), Bangladesh, Myanmar (Martaban), Vietnam
(Tongking). PAR - Nepal, China (Tibet; Yunnan), Bhutan.
6. Dendrocellus rugicollis
Chaudoir, 1861
Chaudoir, 1861: 546; Lorenz, 2005:
504.
=
Dendrocellus flavipes, Schmidt-Goebel, 1846: 24.
Geographic Distribution: ORR - North
India (West Bengal: Kolkata). PAR - China (Guangxi), Nepal.
7. Dendrocellus unidentatus
(Macleay, 1825)
Chaudoir, 1861: 545, Liang and
Kavanaugh, 2007: 35; Lobl & Lobl, 2017: 499.
= Drypta unidentata Macleay,
1825: 28; Andrewes, 1919: 167; Heller, 1923: 303. Andrewes, 1930: 143.
= Desera unidentata Andrewes, 1919: 167; Lorenz, 2005:
504.
Geographic Distribution: ORR - India
(Assam: Khasia hills; Andaman Islands), Indonesia (Java; Sumatra), Vietnam,
Thailand, Myanmar (Matupi; Tenasserim; Carin Cheba), PAR - Pakistan (Ichamati),
China (Yunnan).
II. Tribe Zuphini Bonelli, 1810
Genus 1. Paraleleupidia
BASILEWSKY, 1951
Basilewsky, 1951: 176; id. 1953:
271 ; Baehr, 1990: 10; Mateu, 1981: 717 ; Lorenz, 2005: 504.
1. Paraleleupidia linearis
Baehr, 1990
Baehr, 1990: 10; Lorenz, 2005: 504.
Geographic Distribution: ORR - India
(Tamil Nadu: Ootacamund).
2. Paraleleupidia loebli
Mateu, 1981
Mateu, 1981: 719; Lorenz, 2005: 504.
Geographic Distribution: ORR - India
(Tamil Nadu: Nilgiri Hills).
3. Paraleleupidia besucheti
Mateu, 1981
Mateu, 1981: 717; Lorenz, 2005: 504.
Geographic Distribution: ORR - India
(Kerala: Cardamon hills, Pambanar, Peermedu).
Genus 2. Gunvorita Landin,
1955
Landin, 1955: 467; Darlington, 1968:
208; Mateu, 1981: 721; Perrault, 1982: 76; Casale 1985: 41; Baehr, 1988: 115;
id. 1990: 16; id. 1991: 194; Lorenz, 2005: 504; Lobl & Lobl, 2017: 835.
1. Gunvorita besucheti Baehr,
1998
Baehr, 1998: 288; Lorenz, 2005: 504.
Geographic Distribution: ORR - India
(West Bengal: Darjeeling: Algarah).
2. Gunvorita depressipennis
Baehr, 1998
Baehr, 1998: 295; Lorenz, 2005: 504.
Geographic Distribution: ORR - India
(Meghalaya: Khasi hills- Nongpoh).
3. Gunvorita elegans Landin,
1955
Landin, 1955: 467; Darlington, 1968:
210; Mateu, 1981: 721; Casale, 1985: 41; Baehr, 1998: 269; Lorenz, 2005: 504.
Geographic Distribution: ORR - India
(West Bengal: Darjeeling). PAR - India (Sikkim), Nepal.
4. Gunvorita indica
Darlington, 1968
Darlington, 1968: 208; Mateu, 1981:
722; Baehr, 1998: 274; Lorenz, 2005: 504.
Geographic Distribution: ORR - India
(West Bengal: Darjeeling, Ghoom).
5. Gunvorita inermis Baehr,
1998
Baehr, 1998: 272; Lorenz, 2005: 504.
Geographic Distribution: ORR - India
(West Bengal: Darjeeling: Mahanadi).
6. Gunvorita laeviceps Baehr,
1998
Baehr, 1998: 270; Lorenz, 2005: 504.
Geographic Distribution: ORR - India
(West Bengal: Darjeeling).
7. Gunvorita minor Baehr,
1998
Baehr, 1998: 291; Lorenz, 2005: 505.
Geographic Distribution: ORR - India
(Meghalaya: Khasi Hills: Mawsynram - Balat).
8. Gunvorita ovaliceps Baehr,
1998
Baehr, 1998: 275; Lorenz, 2005: 505.
Geographic Distribution: ORR - India
(West Bengal: Darjeeling: Ghoom).
Genus 3. Agastus Schmidt-Goebel,
1846
Schmidt-Goebel, 1846: 30;
Lacordaire, 1854: 87; Andrewes, 1930: 12; Lorenz, 2005: 505.
1. Agastus lineatus
Schmidt-Goebel, 1846
Schmidt-Goebel, 1846: 31; Gestro,
1875: 867; Bates, 1889: 280; id. 1892: 388; Andrewes, 1923: 10; id. 1930: 13;
Lorenz, 2005: 505.
Geographic Distribution: ORR - India
(West Bengal: Kolkata), Myanmar, Vietnam (Cochinchina), Cambodia, PAR - Hong
Kong, IAR - Philippines.
Genus 4. Zuphium Latreille,
1806
Latreille, 1806: 198; Latreille et
Dejean, 1824: 121; Dejean, 1825: 192; Schmidt-Goebel, 1846: 27; Lacordaire,
1854: 85; Chaudoir, 1862: 310; K & J Daniel, 1898: 24; Bedel, 1913: 295;
Andrewes, 1930: 358; Lorenz, 2005: 506.
1. Zuphium dabreui Andrewes,
1922 (Image 1b) *
Andrewes, 1922: 168; id. 1930: 359;
Lorenz, 2005: 506.
Specimens examined (n=1): SJC-ZO-CAR002,
18.x.2015, India: Kadayam, 8.832˚N, 77.357˚E, 367m, light trap, coll.
Jithmon V.A. & Akhil S.V.
Geographic Distribution: ORR - India
(Maharashtra: Nagpur, Karnataka: Belgaum, Tamil Nadu: Chennai, Kadayam), Sri
Lanka (Vauniya, Horawupotana).
2. Zuphium erebeum Andrewes,
1923 #
Andrewes, 1923: 243; id. 1930: 359;
Lorenz, 2005: 506.
Geographic Distribution: ORR - Sri
Lanka.
3. Zuphium erythrocephalum
Chaudoir, 1862 (Image 1c) *
Chaudoir, 1862: 311 Andrewes, 1930:
359; Lorenz, 2005: 506.
Specimens examined (n= 1): SJC-ZO-CAR003,
India: Rajapalayam, 9.450˚N, 77.566˚E, Pitfall, 275 m, 14.II.2015, coll.
Jithmon V.A. & Akhil S.V.
Geographic Distribution: ORR - India
(Madhya Pradesh: Neemuch; Maharashtra: Nagpur; Kerala: Malabar; Tamil Nadu:
Rajapalayam, Ooty, Chennai, Pondicherry).
4. Zuphium indicum Andrewes,
1922
Andrewes, 1922: 167; id. 1930: 359;
Lorenz, 2005: 506.
Geographic Distribution: ORR - India
(Maharashtra: Nagpur).
5. Zuphium modestum
Schmidt-Goebel, 1846
Schmidt-Goebel, 1846: 29; Chaudoir,
1862: 312; Bates, 1892: 387; Andrewes, 1923: 10; id. 1930: 359; Lorenz, 2005:
506.
Geographic Distribution: ORR - India
(West Bengal: Kolkata; Maharashtra: Nagpur, Venna Valley, satara), Myanmar
(Tharrawaddy, Palon), Malaysia (Penang), Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam
(Cochinchina).
6. Zuphium olens (Rossi,
1790)
Rossi, 1790: 217; Chaudoir, 1862:
311; Bates, 1889: 280; id. 1892: 386; Andrewes, 1921: 155; id. 1923: 9; id.
1927: 99; id. 1930: 359; Lorenz, 2005: 506; Lobl & Lobl, 2017: 837.
= clermonti Jeannel, 1949a:
49
= kochi Schatzmayr, 1936a:
106
= longiusculum Chaudoir,
1842a: 804
= pubescens Nietner, 1858:
182
= rufifrons Chaudoir, 1863d:
312
Geographic Distribution: ORR - India
(West Bengal: Kolkata; Delhi: Pusa; Bihar: Chapra; Odisha: Balugaon), Sri
Lanka, Myanmar (Tharrawaddy, Moulmein, Palon, Tikekee (Pegu), Tenasserim),
Malayasia (Langkawi I), Thailand, Vietnam (CochinChina, Annam), Indonesia
(Java), PAR-China, Albania, Austria, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Corsica, Italy, France,
Spain, Ukrain, Malta, Israel, southern European Russia, Africa (Egypt).
Genus 5. Metazuphium Mateu,
1992
Mateu, 1992: 196; Lorenz, 2005:
506.
1. Metazuphium spinangulus
Mateu, 1992 #
Mateu, 1992: 196; Lorenz, 2005:
506.
Geographic Distribution: ORR - Sri
Lanka
Genus 6. Parazuphium Jeannel, 1942
Jeannel, 1942: 1094; Lorenz, 2005:
507; Lobl & Lobl, 2017: 836.
1. Parazuphium inconspicuum (Schmidt-Goebel, 1846)
Schmidt-Goebel, 1846: 30; Bates,
1892: 387; Andrewes, 1923: 10; id. 1930: 359; Jeannel, 1942: 1094; Lorenz,
2005: 507.
Geographical Distribution: ORR -
India (Karnataka: Belgaum), Myanmar (Palon), Thailand, Indonesia, IAR -
Philippines.
Genus 7. Planetes Macleay,
1825
Macleay, 1825: 28; Lacordaire, 94;
Bates, 1873: 304; Andrewes, 1924: 52; id. 1930: 278; Lorenz, 2005: 507; Lobl
& Lobl, 2017: 501.
= Heteroglossa Nietner, 1857:
141; id. 1857: 279.
1. Planetes bimaculatus
Macleay, 1825
Macleay, 1825: 29; Chaudoir, 1872:
139; Bates, 1892: 388; Andrewes, 1919: 169; id. 1930: 278; Lorenz, 2005: 507.
Geographic Distribution: ORR - India
(Assam), Sri Lanka, Myanmar (Karen Hills), Malaysia (Kuala Lumpur), Thailand,
Indonesia (Java, Sumatra), PAR - Japan (Nagasaki, Hiogo), China.
2. Planetes indicus Andrewes,
1922
Andrewes, 1922: 166; id. 1930: 278;
Lorenz, 2005: 507.
Geographic Distribution: ORR - India
(Maharashtra: Nagpur).
3. Planetes ruficeps Schaum,
1863 (Image 1e) *
Schaum, 1863: 81; Chaudoir, 1872:
139; Andrewes, 1924: 53; id. 1930: 279; Lorenz, 2005: 507.
= bimaculatus (Heteroglossa)
Nietner, 1857: 144; id. 1857: 282; Andrewes; 197: 106.
Specimens examined (n= 2):
SJC-ZO-CAR004, 1 ex, India: Tholpetty, 11.960˚N, 76.064˚E, 882m,
light trap, 05.v.2015, coll. Jithmon V.A. & Akhil. S.V.; 1 ex, Koorachundu,
11.538˚N, 75.845˚E, 95m, hand picking, 12.xi.2016, coll. Jithmon V.A.
Geographic Distribution: ORR - India
(Kerala: Tholpetty, Koorachundu; Odisha: Surada; Tamil Nadu: Chennai, Nilgiri Hills),
Bangladesh (Dhaka), Sri Lanka (Colombo, Hambegamuwa, Kotte), Myanmar
(Tharrawaddy). PAR - India (Uttarakhand: Dehra Dun).
4. Planetes ruficollis
(Nietner, 1857)
Nietner, 1857: 144; id. 1857: 282;
Chaudoir, 1872: 140; Vuillet, 1912: 17; Andrewes, 1927: 106; id. 1930: 279;
Lorenz, 2005: 507.
Geographic Distribution: ORR - India
(Delhi: Pusa), Bangladesh (Dhaka), Sri Lanka (Colombo), Vietnam (CochinChina),
Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia, Cambodia.
5. Planetes simplex Bates,
1886
Bates, 1886: 199; Andrewes, 1930:
279; Lorenz, 2005: 507.
Geographic Distribution: ORR - Sri
Lanka (Peradeniya).
III. Tribe- Galeritini Leconte, 1853
Genus 1. Galerita Fabricius,
1801
Fabricius, 1801: 214; Latreille,
1806: 117; Dejean, 1825: 186; Schmidt-Goebel, 1848: 26; Lacordaire, 1854: 82;
Andrewes, 1924: 52; id. 1930: 167; Lorenz, 2005: 508.
= Galeritula Strand, 1936:
168
= Galeritina Jeannel, 1949c:
1058
= Galeritella Jeannel, 1949c:
1058
= Galeritiola Jeannel, 1949c:
1059
1. Galerita batesi Andrewes,
1923 #
Andrewes, 1923: 9; id. 1930: 168;
Lorenz, 2005: 508.
= orientallis (not
Schmidt-Goebel) Bates, 1889: 109; id. 1892: 385.
Geographic Distribution: ORR -
India, Bangladesh (Sylhet), Myanmar (Karen hills, Teinzo, Palon, Thagata,
Tenasserim, Annam), Vietnam.
2. Galerita indica Chaudoir,
1861 #
Chaudoir, 1861: 557; id. 1877: 255;
Andrewes, 1930: 168; Lorenz, 2005: 508; Lobl & Lobl, 2017: 500.
Geographic Distribution: ORR -
northern India.
3. Galerita orientalis
Schmidt-Goebel, 1846 (Image 1d) *
Schmidt-Goebel, 1846: 26; Bates,
1889: 109; Andrewes, 1923: 8; id. 1930: 168; Lorenz, 2005: 509; Kushwaha et
al. 2015: 22; Lobl & Lobl, 2017: 500.
= Galerita nigripennis
Chaudoir, 1861: 557; id, 1877: 255; Andrewes, 1924: 52; id. 1930: 168; Lorenz,
2005: 509.
Specimens examined (n= 2): SJC-ZO-CAR005, 15.iii.2015, 1ex,
India: Chelari, 11.100˚N, 75.883˚E, 55m, hand picking, coll. Akhil S.V.;
26.xi.2017, 1ex, Kakkayam, 11.551˚N, 75.925˚E, 755m, hand pickinging, coll.
Jithmon V.A.
Geographic Distribution: ORR - India
(Kerala: Chelari, Kakkayam; Assam: Khasi Hills; Madhya Pradesh: Mhow;
Maharashtra: Nagpur; Odisha: Surada), Bangladesh (Dhaka), Myanmar (Patkai
hills), Indonesia, PAR - Taiwan, Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea.
4. Galerita ruficeps
Chaudoir, 1861
Chaudoir, 1861: 556; Andrewes, 1930:
168; Lorenz, 2005: 509.
Geographic Distribution: PAR - India
(Uttarakhand: Harki Dun, Nainital, Almora).
Checklist of the Indian Panagaeinae
with distribution records
I. Tribe Peliciini Chaudoir, 1880
Genus 1. Ardistomopsis
Straneo & Ball, 1989
Straneo & Ball,1989.123; Lorenz,
2005: 318.
= Disphaericus (in part)
Schaum,1864: 122; Bates,1886: 73; Andrewes, 1923: 228; id. 1927: 109; id. 1930:
153; Csiki,1929: 400.
1. Ardistomopsis andrewesi
Straneo & Ball, 1989
Straneo & Ball, 1989: 126;
Lorenz, 2005: 318.
Geographic Distribution: ORR - India
(Tamil Nadu: Shenbaganur, Palani Hills).
2. Ardistomopsis batesi Straneo & Ball, 1989
Straneo & Ball, 1989: 126; Lorenz, 2005: 318.
Geographic Distribution: ORR - India
(Madhya Pradesh: Jabalpur).
3. Ardistomopsis marginicollis
(Schaum, 1864)
Straneo & Ball, 1989: 124; Lorenz, 2005: 318.
= Disphaericus marginicollis Schaum,
1864: 122; Andrewes, 1923: 228; id. 1927: 109; id. 1930: 153; Csiki, 1929: 400.
Geographic Distribution: ORR - India
(Tamil Nadu: Chennai, Tharangambadi; Karnataka: Bengaluru; Andhra Pradesh: Horseley Konda).
4. Ardistomopsis myrmex
(Andrewes, 1923)
Straneo & Ball, 1989: 125; Lorenz, 2005: 318.
= Disphaericus myrmex Andrewes,
1923: 228; id. 1930: 153; Csiki, 1929: 400.
Geographic Distribution: ORR - India (Tamil
Nadu: Anamalai Hills), Sri Lanka (Koggala, Velverry).
5. Ardistomopsis ovicollis
(Bates, 1886)
Straneo & Ball, 1989: 125; Lorenz, 2005: 318.
= Disphaericus ovicollis Bates,
1886: 73; Andrewes, 1923: 229; id., 1930: 153; Csiki, 1929: 400.
Geographic Distribution: ORR - Sri Lanka
(Dikoya).
II. Tribe- Panagaeini Bonelli, 1810
Genus 1. Craspedophorus Hope,
1838
Hope, 1838: 165; Lacordaire, 1854:
210; Chaudoir, 1878: 90; Andrewes, 1919: 126; id. 1924: 22; id. 1930: 133;
Kirschenhofer, 2000: 328; Lorenz, 2005: 320; Hackel & Kirschenhofer, 2014:
276; Fedorenko, 2016: 2.
= Camptoderus Hope, 1838: 66.
= Eudema Castelnau, 1840:
137; Lacordaire, 1854: 210; Chaudoir, 1878: 133.
= Isotarsus
Laferte-Senectere, 1851: 217.
= Epicosmus Chaudoir, 1846:
512; id. 1854: 338; id. 1861: 335; id. 1878: 104.
= Brachycosmus Jeannel, 1949:
857 (subgenus)
= Acanthocosmus Jeannel,
1949: 855 (subgenus)
1.
Craspedophorus angulatus (Fabricius, 1781) (Image 1f) *
Andrewes, 1919: 125; id. 1921: 154;
id. 1924: 115; id. 1924b: 462; id. 1930: 133; Jedlicka 1965: 3; Kirschenhofer,
2000: 323; Baehr, 2003: 446; Lorenz, 2005: 320; Pang & Tian, 2012: 265;
Hackel & Farkac, 2012: 78; Hackel & Kirschenhofer, 2014: 276 & 357;
Fedorenko, 2016: 4; Manthen & Hegde, 2018: 206.
= Carabus angulatus
Fabricius, 1781: 302; id. 1787: 197; id. 1792: 148; Oliver,35.38.
= Carabus reflexus Fabricius,
1801: 166 (not 1781).
= Cychrus reflexus Fabricius
1801: 166.
= Panagaeus angulatus Hope,
1838: 92; Chaudoir, 1861: 336; Heyne-Tasch, 1898: 21.
= Pimelia fasciatus
Fabricius, 1781: 318; id. 1787: 209; id. 1792: 104; Schaum, 1847: 42;
Motschulsky, 1855: 69.
= Panagaeus tomentosus Vigors,
1825: 537; Dejean, 1826: 284; Dejean, 1831: 598; Schaum, 1847: 42.
= Panagaeus fabricii Hope,
1838: 66.
= Pimelia bifasciata Chaudoir,
1861: 336.
= Eudema bifasciatum Chaudoir,
1878: 133. Alluaud, 1895: 130
= Eudema michardi Fairmaire
1880: 307; Alluaud, 1895: 130.
Specimens examined (n= 1): SJC-ZO-CAR006, 26.v.2017, India:
Bonacaud, 8.756˚N, 77.188˚E, 933m, hand picking, coll. Jithmon V.A. & Akhil
S.V.
Geographic Distribution: ORR - India
(Andra Pradesh; Tamil Nadu: Coimbatore, Pondicheri; Karnataka: Shivamogga,
Mysuru; Kerala: Bonacaud; Maharashtra: Pune), Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Myanmar.
2. Craspedophorus bifasciatus
(Castelnau, 1835) (Image 2a) *
Andrewes, 1919: 126; id. 1921: 341;
Andrewes, 1930: 134; Kirschenhofer, 2000: 323; Lorenz, 2005: 320; Hackel & Farkac, 2012: 78;
Hackel & Kirschenhofer, 2014: 276 & 346; Fedorenko, 2016: 4.
= Panagaeus bifasciatus
Castelnau, 1835: 155.
= Isotarsus bifasciatus Laferte-Senectere,
1851: 220; Schaum, 1853: 431; Motschulsky, 1855: 69.
= Epicosmus bifasciatus Chaudoir,
1861: 336;
= Epicosmus castelnaui
Chaudoir, 1878: 112; Bates, 1886: 73; Andrewes 1919: 126.
= Eudema bifasciatum Heyne-Tasch,
1898: 21;
Specimens examined (n= 3): SJC-ZO-CAR007, 10.ix.2015, 1 ex, India:
Bharathiyar, 11.047˚N,
76.880˚E, 514m, hand
picking, coll. Akhil. S.V.; 06.xii.2017, 1 ex, Chinnar, 10.3˚N, 77.175˚E, 627m, hand
picking, coll. Divya M.; 18.x.2015, 1 ex, Kadayam, 8.832˚N, 77.357˚E, Hand
picking, coll. Jithmon V.A. & Akhil S.V.
Geographic Distribution: ORR - India
(Kerala: Chinnar; Tamil Nadu: Kadayam, Coimbatore, Bharathiyar, Chennai,
Mahabalipuram, Nilgiri Hills, Thiruchirapally, Pondicherry; Andhra Pradesh:
Udayagiri, Horsely Konda; Madhya Pradesh; Odisha: Barunikuda I. - Lake
Chilika), Sri Lanka (Colombo, Trincomalee, Suriya Ara, Tissa, Maha,
Illupalama).
3. Craspedophorus geniculatus
(Wiedemann, 1823)
Andrewes, 1921: 170, 187; id. 1930:
135; Kirschenhofer, 2000: 323; Lorenz, 2005: 320; Hackel & Farkac, 2012:
78; Hackel & Kirschenhofer, 2014: 276 & 301.
= Panagaeus geniculatus Wiedemann,
1823: 56; Schaum, 1853: 28.
= Isotarsus rufipalpis Laferte-Senectere,
1851: 221 (nomen nudum Andrewes 1924b: 588); Chaudoir, 1878: 110;
Andrewes, 1930: 135; Kirschenhofer, 2000: 323; Hackel & Farkac, 2012: 77,
79.
= Epicosmus geniculatus Chaudoir, 1861: 351; id. 1869: 351;
id. 1878: 112. Andrewes, 1924: 588.
=
Epicosmus hilaris Chaudoir, 1878: 110; Csiki, 1929: 357.
Geographic Distribution: ORR - India
(West Bengal; Delhi: Pusa; Bihar).
4. Craspedophorus gracilipes
(Bates, 1892)
Andrewes, 1930: 135. Saha &
Biswas, 1985: 123; Kirschenhofer, 2000: 323; Lorenz, 2005: 320; Hackel &
Farkac, 2012: 78; Hackel & Kirschenhofer, 2014: 276 & 370; Lobl &
Lobl, 2017: 638.
= Epicosmus gracilipes Bates,
1892: 302.
Geographic Distribution: ORR - India
(Assam: Sadiya; Arunachal Pradesh: Noa Dihing), Myanmar (Kachin), PAR - China
(Yunnan).
5. Craspedophorus hexagonus
(Chaudoir, 1861)
Andrewes, 1930: 135. Kirschenhofer,
2000: 323; Lorenz, 2005: 320; Hackel & Farkac, 2012: 78; Hackel &
Kirschenhofer, 2014: 276 &
329; Lobl & Lobl, 2017: 638.
= Epicosmus hexagonus Chaudoir,
1861: 338; id. 1878: 114.
Geographic Distribution: ORR - India (Indes
orientales), PAR - India (Uttarakhand: Dehra Dun).
6. Craspedophorus hilaris
(Laferte-Senectere, 1851)
Andrewes, 1921: 170; id. 1924: 588;
id. 1930: 135; Kirschenhofer, 2000: 323; Lorenz, 2005: 320; Kirschenhofer,
2011: 47; Hackel & Farkac, 2012: 77; Hackel & Kirschenhofer, 2014: 276
& 303; Manthen & Hegde, 2018: 206.
= Isotarsus hilaris
Laferte-Senectere, 1851: 221.
= Epicosmus hilaris Chaudoir,
1861: 345; id. 1878: 110.
Geographic Distribution: ORR - India (West Bengal; Maharashtra: Pune).
7. Craspedophorus incostatus
Kirschenhofer, 2000
Kirschenhofer, 2000: 349; Lorenz,
2005: 320; Hackel & Farkac, 2012: 78; Hackel & Kirschenhofer, 2014: 276
& 349.
Geographic Distribution: PAR - India
(Uttarakhand: Ramgarh).
8. Craspedophorus mandarinellus
(Bates, 1892) (Image 2b) *
Andrewes, 1921: 187; Andrewes, 1930:
135; Baehr, 2003: 447; Xie & Yu, 1991: 170; Kirschenhofer, 2000: 324;
Lorenz, 2005: 321; Kirschenhofer, 2011: 40, 47; Hackel & Farkac, 2012: 77;
Hackel & Kirschenhoffer, 2014: 309 ; Fedorenko, 2016: 30; Lobl &
Lobl, 2017: 638.
= Epicosmus mandarinellus Bates, 1892: 299.
= Craspedophorus vietnamensis Kirschenhofer,
2000: 339; Hackel & Farkac, 2012: 77; Fedorenko, 2016: 30.
= Craspedophorus freudeellus Hackel & Kirschenhofer, 2014:
299; Fedorenko, 2016: 30.
Specimens examined (n= 2): SJC-ZO-CAR008, 16.x.2016, 1 ex, India: Koorachundu,
11.538˚N, 75.845˚E, 95m, light trap, coll. Jithmon
V.A.; 10.ii.2017, 1 ex, Peruvannamoozhi, 11.596˚N, 75.823˚E, 128m, light trap, coll. Jithmon V.A.
Geographic Distribution: ORR - India
(Karnataka: Shivamogga; Kerala: Koorachundu, Peruvannamoozhi), Myanmar (Kachin,
Nam Tamai, Tenasserim), Vietnam (Dongnai), PAR - China (Guangxi, Guangdong, Yunnan).
9. Craspedophorus pubiger
(Chaudoir, 1861) #
Andrewes, 1930: 136; Kirschenhofer,
2000: 324; Lorenz, 2005: 321; Hackel & Farkac, 2012: 79; Hackel &
Kirschenhofer, 2014: 354; Fedorenko, 2016: 4.
= Epicosmus pubiger Chaudoir,
1861: 337; id. 1878: 122.
Geographic Distribution: ORR - ‘Indes
orientales’
10. Craspedophorus assamensis
Hackel & Kirschenhofer, 2014
Hackel & Kirschenhofer, 2014:
341.
Geographic Distribution: ORR - India
(Assam).
11. Craspedophorus sikkimensis
Hackel & Kirschenhofer, 2014
Hackel &
Kirschenhofer, 2014: 337; Lobl & Lobl, 2017: 638. Geographic Distribution: PAR - India (Sikkim: Rabong).
12. Craspedophorus
maharashtraensis Kirschenhofer, 2011
Kirschenhofer, 2011: 43; Hackel
& Farkac, 2012: 77; Hackel & Kirschenhofer, 2014: 308 Manthen &
Hegde, 2018: 207.
Geographic Distribution: ORR - India
(Maharashtra: Panchgani).
13. Craspedophorus cereus (Macleay,
1825)
Andrewes, 1919: 135; id. 1930: 134;
Kirschenhofer, 2000: 323; Lorenz, 2005: 320; Hackel & Farkac, 2012: 80;
Hackel & Kirschenhofer, 2014: 73; Hackel, 2015: 238; Fedorenko, 2016: 31;
Manthen & Hegde, 2018: 206.
= Panagaeus cereus Macleay,
1825: 12.
= Craspedophorus buruensis Hackel
& Kirschenhofer, 2014: 295.
= Craspedophorus formosanus
Jedlicka, 1939: 1; id. 1965: 5; Habu, 1978: 71; Kirschenhofer, 2000: 330;
Hackel & Farkac, 2012: 77; Hackel & Kirschenhofer, 2014: 298.
= Craspedophorus chinensis
Jedlicka, 1965: 5; Kirschenhofer, 2000: 331; Hackel & Kirschenhofer,
2014: 297.
= Craspedophorus saddlepeakensis
Kirschenhofer, 2011: 45; Hackel & Kirschenhofer, 2014: 319.
= Craspedophorus laosensis
Kirschenhofer, 2012: 231; Hackel & Kirschenhofer, 2014: 305.
= Craspedophorus punensis Hackel
& Kirschenhofer, 2014: 318.
= Craspedophorus batesi Hackel,
2014: 3.
= Craspedophorus maculatus:
Hackel & Kirschenhofer, 2014: 307.
= Craspedophorus philippinus
Jedlicka, 1939: 1.
Geographic Distribution: ORR - India (Maharashtra: Mumbai, Pune; Andaman
Is.), Laos, Vietnam, Indonesia (Java, Buru), PAR - southern China, southern
Japan, IAR - Philippines.
14. Craspedophorus bisemilunatis (Xie & Yu, 1991).
Xie & Yu, 1991: 161; Lobl & Lobl, 2017: 638.
= Craspedophorus
dehradunensis Hackel & Kirschenhofer, 2014: 281.
= Dischissus dehradunensis Kirschenhofer,
2000: 355; Lorenz, 2005:
320; Hackel & Farkac, 2012: 84.
= Dischissus guangdongensis Hackel
& Kirschenhofer, 2014b: 282.
= Dischissus sapaensis Kirschenhofer,
1994: 1044.
Geographic Distribution: PAR - India
(Uttarakhand: Dehra Dun), China (Guangdong, Guizhou, Guangxi, Yunnan).
15. Craspedophorus microspilotus
Andrewes, 1924
Andrewes, 1924: 131; id. 1930: 136;
id. 1933: 1; Kirschenhofer, 2000: 324, 330; Lorenz, 2005: 321; Kirschenhofer,
2011: 47; Hackel & Farkac, 2012: 77; Hackel & Kirschenhofer, 2014: 314.
Geographic Distribution: ORR - Sri
Lanka (Nuwara Eliya).
16. Craspedophorus halyi
Andrewes, 1923
Andrewes, 1923: 230; id. 1930: 135;
Kirschenhofer, 2000: 323; Lorenz, 2005: 320; Hackel & Farkac, 2012: 78;
Hackel & Kirschenhofer, 2014: 302.
Geographic Distribution: ORR - Sri Lanka (Niroddumunai).
17. Craspedophorus lankaensis
Hackel & Kirschenhofer, 2014 #
Hackel & Kirschenhofer, 2014:
351.
Geographic Distribution: ORR - Sri Lanka
Genus 2. Adischissus
Fedorenko, 2015
Fedorenko, 2015: 273; Lobl & Lobl, 2017: 637.
1. Adischissus notulatus
(Fabricius, 1801) (Image 2c) *
Fedorenko, 2015:
277; Lobl & Lobl, 2017: 637.
= Carabus notulatus
Fabricius, 1801: 201; Hope, 1838: 90; Schaum, 1847: 48; id. 1853: 432;
Motschulsky, 1855: 70;
= Dischissus notulatus
Andrewes, 1921: 162; id. 1930: 153; Lorenz, 2005: 322.
= Dischissus
longicornis (Craspedophorus) Schaum, 1863: 84; Chaudoir, 153; Bates,
1892: 303; Heller, 1916: 276; Andrewes, 1927: 108.
= Dischissus sumatranus
(Panagaeus) Dohrn, 1891: 253 and 254; Andrewes, 1922: 246.
= Dischissus tibialis
Andrewes, 1933:
Specimens examined (n=2): SJC-ZO-CAR009, 15.vi.2015, 1 ex, India: Koorachundu, 11.538˚N, 75.845˚E, 95m, hand picking, coll. Jithmon
V.A.; 10.ii.2017, 1 ex, Peruvannamoozhi, 11.596˚N, 75.823˚E, 128m, Light trap, coll. Jithmon V.A.
Geographic Distribution: ORR - India
(West Bengal: Kolkata; Goa: Margo, Calangut; Tamil Nadu: Nilgiri hills; Kerala:
Koorachundu, Peruvannamoozhi), Myanmar (Insein, Toungoo, Rangoon, Kawkareik),
Vietnam (Annam, Dongnai, Lam Dong, Binh Duong, Tay Ninh, Phuoc Vinh), Malaysia
(Kuala Lumpur), Singapore, PAR – India (Sikkim: Namsoo; Uttarakhand: Almora),
China (Anhui, Foochow, Guangdong, Guizhou, Guangxi, Hunan, Shanghai), Hongkong.
2.
Adischissus quadrinotatus (Motchulsky, 1865)
Fedorenko,
2015: 277; Lobl & Lobl, 2017: 637.
= Peranomus
quadrinotatus Motschulsky, 1864: 333;
= Dischissus
quadrinotatus Bates, 1873: 244; Chaudoir, 1878: 152; Andrewes, 1928: 22;
id. 1930: 153; Lorenz, 2005: 322.
Geographic
Distribution: ORR - India (Karnataka: Shivamogga: Sringeri), Vietnam (Annam),
PAR - Japan.
Genus 3.
Microcosmodes Strand, 1936
Strand, 1936:
169; Lorenz, 2005: 322; Fedorenko, 2015: 278; Lobl & Lobl, 2017: 639.
= Microshemus
Andewes, 1940: 536.
= Microcosmus
Chaudoir, 1878: 139.
1.
Microcosmodes flavopilosus (Laferte-Senectere, 1851)
Lorenz, 2005:
322; Lobl & Lobl, 2017: 639.
= Isotarsus
flavopilosus Laferte-Senectere, 1851: 222; Chaudoir, 1861: 348; id. 1878:
142; Bates, 1873: 243.
= Epicosmus
transversus Motschulsky, 1864: 332; Andrewes, 1928: 11.
Geographic
Distribution: ORR - India (Delhi: Pusa; West Bengal: Kolkata; Maharashtra:
Nagpur, Mumbai, Bandra; Tamil Nadu: Chennai, Coimbatore; Lakshadweep: Minikoi;
Gopkuda), Bangladesh (Dhaka, Sardah), Indonesia (Sumatra), Vietnam (Tongking),
PAR – India (Uttarakhand: Dehra Dun), Nepal, Japan, China, Taiwan (Formosa).
2.
Microcosmodes elegans (Dejean, 1826) #
Fedorenko,
2015: 278; Lobl & Lobl, 2017: 639.
= Panagaeus
elegans Dejean, 1826: 290.
= Isotarsus
elegans Laferte-Senectere, 1851: 221; Schaum, 1853: 432.
= Craspedophorus elegans Andrewes, 1921: 162; id. 1924: 23; id.
1930: 134; Kirschenhofer, 2000: 323, 347; Lorenz, 2005: 320; Kirschenhofer,
2011: 47; Hackel & Farkac, 2012: 77; Hackel & Kirschenhofer, 2014: 276
& 284.
Geographic
Distribution: ORR - Throughout India, Sri Lanka. PAR – Nepal, Pakistan.
Genus 4.
Euschizomerus Chaudoir, 1850
Chaudoir,
1850: 413; Lacordaire, 1854: 212; Chaudoir, 1878: 157; Andrewes, 1930: 165;
Kirschenhofer, 2000: 359; Lorenz, 2005: 322; Hackel & Farkac, 2012: 86;
Lobl & Lobl, 2017: 639.
= Euschiromerus
Chaudoir, 1869: (in error)
= Praeschizomerus
Kirschenhofer, 2000: 359. (Subgenus).
1.
Euschizomerus aeneus Chaudoir, 1869
Chaudoir,
1869: 118; id. 1878: 160; Bates, 1892: 303; Andrewes, 1930: 165; Lorenz, 2005:
322; Hackel &
Farkac, 2012: 86.
Geographic
Distribution: ORR - Bangladesh (Dhaka), Myanmar (Taik Kyi, Pegu).
2. Euschizomerus
denticollis (Kollar, 1836) (Image 2e) *
Andrewes,
1930: 165; Lorenz, 2005: 322; Hackel & Farkac, 2012: 86.
= Panagaeus
denticollis Kollar, 1835: 334; Chaudoir, 1878: 161.
Specimens
examined (n= 1): SJC-ZO-CAR010, 10.v.2017,
India: Ernakulam, Kalady, 17m, 10.166˚N, 76.438˚E, hand picking,
coll. Divya M.
Geographic
Distribution: ORR - India (West Bengal: Kolkata, Kerala: Ernakulam: Kalady),
Sri Lanka.
3. Euschizomerus
devagiriensis Jithmon & Sabu, 2018 (Image 2d) *
Jithmon &
Sabu, 2018: 362.
Specimens
examined (n= 1): SJC-ZO-CAR011, 25.v.2017,
India: Kozhikode, Devagiri, 11.265˚N, 75.835˚E, 45m, hand picking,
coll. Divya M.
Geographic
Distribution: ORR - India (Kerala: Kozhikode: Devagiri).
4.
Euschizomerus indicus Jedlicka, 1956 (Image 2f) *
Jedlicka,
1955: 207; Lorenz, 2005: 322; Hackel & Farkac, 2012: 86.
= Euschizomerus
schuhi Kirschenhofer, 2000: 360; Hackel & Farkac, 2012: 87.
Specimens
examined (n= 6): SJC-ZO-CAR012, 18.iv.2017, 4 ex, India: Kozhikode (East
Devagiri), 11.265˚N, 75.835˚E, 45m, light, coll. Divya M.; 05.x.2016, 2 ex,
Govindapuram, 11.233˚N, 75.8˚E, 11m, UV light, coll. Anju.
Geographic Distribution:
ORR - India (Maharashtra: Mumbai: Lonvala; Goa: Benaulin beach; Kerala:
Kozhikode: East Devagiri, Govindapuram).
5. Euschizomerus
metallicus Harold, 1879 #
Harold, 1879:
331; Vuillet, 1912: 19; Andrewes, 1927: 109; Andrewes, 1930: 165; Lorenz, 2005:
322; Hackel & Farkac, 2012: 86.
Geographic
Distribution: ORR - “Indes orientales”, Myanmar (Karen Hills, Rangoon,
Tenasserim); Cambodia.
Genus 5.
Trichisia Motschulsky, 1864
Motschulsky,
1864: 331; Chaudoir, 1878: 164; Lorenz, 2005: 322; Hackel & Farkac, 2012:
98; Lobl & Lobl, 2017: 640.
1. Trichisia morio
(Laferte-Senectere, 1851)
Andrewes, 1930: 350; Lorenz, 2005:
323; Hackel & Farkac, 2012: 98.
= Isotarsus morio
Laferte-Senectere, 1851: 221; Chaudoir, 1861: 348; Id. 1878: 165; Gardner,
1927: 66.
= cyanescens Motschulsky,
1864: 332; Andrewes, 1928: 24.
Geographic Distribution: ORR - India
(Assam: Jorhat; Delhi: Pusa), Bangladesh (Dhaka), Indonesia (Sumatra), PAR -
India (Uttarakhand: Dehra Dun), Pakistan (Rawalpindi).
2. Trichisia violacea
Jedlicka, 1935 #
Jedlicka, 1935: 2; Lorenz, 2005: 323; Hackel & Farkac, 2012: 98.
Geographic Distribution: ORR -
India, IAR - Philippines; PAR - China.
Discussion
Out of the
45 Dryptinae species recorded from India, 24 species (53.3%) are endemic to the
Indian subcontinent, with two species endemic to the Indian palaerctic region
(PAR) and 22 species endemic to the Indian Oriental region (ORR). Among the 21 species endemic to the Indian
ORR region, six species (Paraleleupidia linearis, P. loebli, P.
besucheti, Zuphium erebeum, Metazuphium spinangulus, and Planetes
simplex) are endemic to the Western Ghats & Sri Lanka hotspot of
biodiversity, two species (Gunvorita depressipennis and G. minor)
are endemic to the Indo Burma hotspot of biodiversity and two species (Drypta
crassiuscula and Galerita ruficeps) are endemic to the Himalaya
hotspot of biodiversity. Six species
endemic to the Western Ghats & Sri Lanka hotspot of biodiversity (Paraleleupidia
linearis, P. loebli, P. besucheti, Zuphium erebeum, Metazuphium
spinangulus, and Planetes simplex) could be remnants of the ancient
Indian fauna existed on Indian part of Gondwanaland which broke away from
Gondwana land along with Madagascar in the early Cretaceous (about 160 million
years ago) leading to the formation of Indian subcontinent (Mani 1974;
Courtillot et al. 1988; Sabu et al. 2008).
Out of the
33 Panagaeinae species recorded from Indian subcontinent, 20 species (60.6%)
are endemic to the Indian subcontinent with genus Ardistomopsis with
five species. Two species (Craspedophorus
sikkimensis, Craspedophorus incostatus) reported only from Indian PAR region, 17
Panagaeinae species reported only from Indian ORR region and Craspedophorus
hexagonus reported from both Indian ORR and PAR regions. Among the 20 Indian subcontinent endemic
species, seven species (Ardistomopsis andrewesi, A. myrmex, A.
ovicollis, Craspedophorus maharashtraensis, C. microspilotus,
C. halyi and C. lankaensis) are endemics to the Western Ghats and
Sri Lanka Hotspot of biodiversity and two species, (Craspedophorus
sikkimensis, Craspedophorus incostatus) endemics to Himalaya hotspot
of biodiversity. Remaining 11 Indian
subcontinent endemic species of subfamily Panagaeinae have a wide range
distribution across India. Seven species (Ardistomopsis andrewesi, A.
myrmex, A. ovicollis, Craspedophorus maharashtraensis, C.
microspilotus, C. halyi and C. lankaensis) recorded only from
the Western Ghats and Sri Lanka are likely to be representative of the Gondwana
remnants that got isolated in Indian subcontinent following the separation of the
subcontinent.
Present
study provides the distribution patterns and literature details of 45 Dryptinae
and 33 Panagaeinae species reported from the Indian subcontinent. Primary aim of the present effort was to
prepare a checklist with regional distribution patterns and reference details
which will make it easier for taxonomists and will lead to more taxomonic works
across the Indian subcontinent.
Distribution records show poor representation of both the groups from
Central and north western regions of the Indian subcontinent indicating the
need for further taxonomic explorations.
Additionally, our analysis revealed the presence of a large number of
species endemic to the Indian mainland, local endemics (endemic to the hotspots
of biodiveristy in India: the Western Ghats & Sri Lanka hotspot of
biodiversity, the Indo Burma hotspot of biodiversity and the Himalaya hotspot
of biodiversity), species confined to the PAR or ORR regions of Indian mainland
and a few ancient species with possible Gondwana linkages which will attract
the attention of evolutionary and conservation biologists also to these two
lesser known subfamilies.
Table 1. Geographic distribution
pattern of the Dryptinae and Panagaeinae species recorded from India.
|
Species |
Region |
Subfamily Dryptinae |
||
I. |
Tribe Dryptiini Bonelli, 1810 |
|
|
Drypta Latreille, 1796 |
|
1. |
Drypta aenipes Wiedemann, 1823 |
Oriental |
2. |
Drypta aetheria Andrewes, 1936 |
Oriental |
3. |
Drypta argillacea Andrewes, 1924 |
Oriental, Palearctic |
4. |
Drypta cyanopus Andrewes, 1936 |
Oriental |
5. |
Drypta crassiuscula Chaudoir, 1861 |
Palearctic |
6. |
Drypta flavipes Wiedemann, 1823 |
Oriental, Palearctic |
7. |
Drypta lineola Macleay, 1825 |
Oriental |
8. |
Drypta longicollis Macleay, 1825 |
Oriental |
9. |
Drypta siderea Bates, 1892 |
Oriental, Palearctic |
|
Dendrocellus Schmidt Geobel,
1846 |
|
10. |
Dendrocellus coelestinus (Klug, 1834) |
Oriental, Palearctic |
11. |
Dendrocellus confusus (Hansen, 1968) |
Oriental, Palearctic |
12. |
Dendrocellus geniculatus (Klug, 1834) |
Oriental, Palearctic, Indo-
Australian |
13. |
Dendrocellus inexpectus Liang &
Kavanaugh, 2007 |
Oriental |
14. |
Dendrocellus nepalensis (Hope, 1831) |
Oriental, Palearctic |
15. |
Dendrocellus rugicollis Chaudoir, 1861 |
Oriental, Palearctic |
16. |
Dendrocellus unidentatus (Macleay, 1825) |
Oriental, Palearctic |
II. |
Tribe Zuphini Bonelli, 1810 |
|
|
Paraleleupidia Basilewsky, 1951 |
|
17. |
Paraleleupidia linearis Baehr, 1990 |
Oriental |
18. |
Paraleleupidia loebli Mateu, 1981 |
Oriental |
19. |
Paraleleupidia besucheti Mateu, 1981 |
Oriental |
|
Gunvorita Landin, 1955 |
|
20. |
Gunvorita besucheti Baehr, 1998 |
Oriental |
21. |
Gunvorita depressipennis Baehr, 1998 |
Oriental |
22. |
Gunvorita elegans Landin, 1955 |
Oriental, Palearctic |
23. |
Gunvorita indica Darlington, 1968 |
Oriental |
24. |
Gunvorita inermis Baehr, 1998 |
Oriental |
25. |
Gunvorita laeviceps Baehr, 1998 |
Oriental |
26. |
Gunvorita minor Baehr, 1998 |
Oriental |
27. |
Gunvorita ovaliceps Baehr, 1998 |
Oriental |
|
Agastus Schmidt-Goebel,
1846 |
|
28. |
Agastus lineatus Schmidt-Goebel,
1846 |
Oriental, Palearctic,
Indo-Australian |
|
Zuphium Latreille, 1806 |
|
29. |
Zuphium dabreui Andrewes, 1922 |
Oriental |
30. |
Zuphium erebeum Andrewes, 1923 |
Oriental |
31. |
Zuphium erythrocephalum Chaudoir, 1862 |
Oriental |
32. |
Zuphium indicum Andrewes, 1922 |
Oriental |
33. |
Zuphium modestum Schmidt-Goebel, 1846 |
Oriental |
34. |
Zuphium olens (Rossi, 1790) |
Oriental, Palearctic |
|
Metazuphium Mateu, 1992 |
|
35. |
Metazuphium spinangulus Mateu, 1992 |
Oriental |
|
Parazuphium Jeannel, 1942 |
|
36. |
Parazuphium inconspicuum (Schmidt-Goebel,
1846) |
Oriental, Indo-Australian |
|
Planetes Macleay, 1825 |
|
37. |
Planetes bimaculatus Macleay, 1825 |
Oriental, Palearctic |
38. |
Planetes indicus Andrewes, 1922 |
Oriental |
39. |
Planetes ruficeps Schaum, 1863 |
Oriental, Palearctic |
40. |
Planetes ruficollis (Nietner, 1857) |
Oriental |
41. |
Planetes simplex Bates, 1886 |
Oriental |
III. |
Tribe Galeritini Leconte, 1853 |
|
|
Galerita Fabricius, 1801 |
|
42. |
Galerita batesi Andrewes, 1923 |
Oriental |
43. |
Galerita indica Chaudoir, 1861 |
Oriental |
44. |
Galerita orientalis Schmidt-Goebel,
1846 |
Oriental, Palearctic |
45. |
Galerita ruficeps Chaudoir, 1861 |
Palearctic |
Subfamily Panagaeinae |
||
I. |
Tribe Peliciini Chaudoir, 1880 |
|
|
Ardistomopsis Straneo & Ball, 1989 |
|
1. |
Ardistomopsis andrewesi Straneo & Ball, 1989 |
Oriental |
2. |
Ardistomopsis batesi Straneo &
Ball, 1989 |
Oriental |
3. |
Ardistomopsis marginicollis (Schaum, 1864) |
Oriental |
4. |
Ardistomopsis myrmex (Andrewes, 1923) |
Oriental |
5. |
Ardistomopsis ovicollis (Bates, 1886) |
Oriental |
II. |
Tribe Panagaeini Bonelli, 1810 |
|
|
Craspedophorus Hope, 1838 |
|
6. |
Craspedophorus angulatus (Fabricius, 1781) |
Oriental |
7. |
Craspedophorus bifasciatus (Castelnau, 1835) |
Oriental |
8. |
Craspedophorus geniculatus (Wiedemann, 1823) |
Oriental |
9. |
Craspedophorus gracilipes (Bates, 1892) |
Oriental, Palearctic |
10. |
Craspedophorus hexagonus (Chaudoir, 1861) |
Oriental, Palearctic |
11. |
Craspedophorus hilaris (Laferte-Senectere, 1851) |
Oriental |
12. |
Craspedophorus incostatus Kirschenofer, 2000 |
Palearctic |
13. |
Craspedophorus mandarinellus (Bates, 1892) |
Oriental, Palearctic |
14. |
Craspedophorus pubiger (Chaudoir, 1861) |
Oriental |
15. |
Craspedophorus assamensis Hackel & Kirschenhofer, 2014 |
Oriental |
16. |
Craspedophorus sikkimensis Hackel & Kirschenhofer, 2014 |
Palearctic |
17. |
Craspedophorus maharashtraensis Kirschenhofer, 2011 |
Oriental |
18. |
Craspedophorus cereus (Macleay, 1825) |
Oriental, Palearctic,
Indo-Australian |
19. |
Craspedophorus bisemilunatis (Xie & Yu, 1991) |
Palearctic |
20. |
Craspedophorus microspilotus Andrewes, 1924 |
Oriental |
21. |
Craspedophorus halyi Andrewes 1923 |
Oriental |
22. |
Craspedophorus lankaensis Hackel & Kirchenhofer, 2014 |
Oriental |
|
Adischissus Fedorenko, 2015 |
|
23. |
Adischissus notulatus (Fabricius, 1801) |
Oriental, Palearctic |
24. |
Adischissus quadrinotatus (Motchulsky, 1865) |
Oriental, Palearctic |
|
Microcosmodes Strand, 1936 |
|
25. |
Microcosmodes flavopilosus (Laferte-Senectere, 1851) |
Oriental, Palearctic |
26. |
Microcosmodes elegans (Dejean, 1826) |
Oriental, Palearctic |
|
Euschizomerus Chaudoir, 1850 |
|
27. |
Euschizomerus aeneus Chaudoir, 1869 |
Oriental |
28. |
Euschizomerus denticollis (Kollar, 1836) |
Oriental |
29. |
Euschizomerus devagiriensis Jithmon & Sabu, 2018 |
Oriental |
30. |
Euschizomerus indicus Jedlicka, 1956 |
Oriental |
31. |
Euschizomerus metallicus Harold, 1879 |
Oriental |
|
Trichisia Motschulsky, 1864 |
|
32. |
Trichisia morio (Laferte-Senectere, 1851) |
Oriental, Palearctic |
33. |
Trichisia violacea Jedlicka, 1935 |
Oriental, Palearctic,
Indo-Australian |
For
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