Journal of Threatened Taxa | www.threatenedtaxa.org | 26 May 2021 | 13(6): 18559–18577

 

ISSN 0974-7907 (Online) | ISSN 0974-7893 (Print) 

https://doi.org/10.11609/jott.6203.13.6.18559-18577

#6203 | Received 21 May 2020 | Final received 10 May 2021 | Finally accepted 15 May 2021

 

 

Checklists of subfamilies Dryptinae and Panagaeinae (Insecta: Coleoptera: Carabidae) from the Indian subcontinent

 

V.A. Jithmon 1  & Thomas K. Sabu 2

 

1, 2 Entomology Research Unit, Post Graduate & Research Department of Zoology, St. Joseph’s College, Devagiri, Kozhikode, Kerala 673008, India.

1 jithmon777@gmail.com, 2 sabukthomas@gmail.com (corresponding author)

 

 

 

Editor: Hasko Friedrich Nesemann, Im Obergarten, Germany.    Date of publication: 26 May 2021 (online & print)

 

Citation: Jithmon, V.A. & T.K. Sabu (2021). Checklists of subfamilies Dryptinae and Panagaeinae (Insecta: Coleoptera: Carabidae) from the Indian subcontinent.  Journal of Threatened Taxa 13(6): 18559–18577. https://doi.org/10.11609/jott.6203.13.6.18559-18577

 

Copyright: © Jithmon & Sabu 2021. Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.  JoTT allows unrestricted use, reproduction, and distribution of this article in any medium by providing adequate credit to the author(s) and the source of publication.

 

Funding: Department of Science and Technology (DST SERB), Government of India.

 

Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.

 

Author details: V.A. Jithmon completed PhD in Zoology (Entomology) under the guidance of Dr. Sabu K. Thomas from St. Joseph’s College, affiliated to the University of Calicut. Area of specialisation is taxonomy of Carabidae. Worked as a project fellow in DST-SERB major Project titled “Taxonomy and Barcoding of south Indian Carabidae”. Discovered two new Carabidae species.  Sabu K Thomas,  Principal, St. Joseph’s College (Autonomous) and is Professor of Zoology.   Ecology and taxonomy of Dung beetles and Carabidae, home invading nuisance pest, Luprops tristis are areas of interest. Currently engaged with updating the taxonomy of Indian Carabidae by preparation of revised checklists and taxonomic keys. Discovered 18 new Carabidae species and 11 dung beetle species.

 

Author contribution: SKT and Jithmon VAJ reviewed the earlier works and discussed the distribution patterns.  VAJ conducted the field studies, preparations of the plates and specimens.

 

Acknowledgements: Financial assistance from Department of Science and Technology (DST SERB), Government of India is gratefully acknowledged. We thank and acknowledge Azadeh Taghavian (Muséum National d’Historie Naturelle, Paris, France); Jiri Hajek (National Museum, Prague, Czech Republic), Bernd Jeager (Natural History Museum Berlin, Germany); Harald Schillhammer (Natural History Museum, Vienna, Austria) for facilitating the analysis of specimens. We are grateful to Kerala Forest and Wild Life Department for specimen collection permissions and Akhil S. V. (St. Joseph’s College, Devagiri, Kozhikode) for logistical support.

 

 

 

Abstract: Distribution patterns and literature details of 45 Dryptinae and 33 Panagaeinae species reported from the Indian subcontinent are provided.  Out of the 45 Dryptinae species, six species are endemic to the Western Ghats & Sri Lanka hotspot of biodiversity, two species are endemic to the Indo-Burma hotspot of biodiversity and two species are endemic to the Himalaya hotspot of biodiversity.  Distribution patterns revealed that 24 Dryptinae species are endemic to the Indian subcontinent with 22 species recorded from the Oriental (ORR) region and two from the Palearctic (PAR) region.  Out of the 33 Panagaeinae species, 20 species are endemic to the Indian subcontinent with 17 of these species distributed in the Oriental region; two in the Palearctic region and one species in both Oriental and Palearctic regions.  Seven species are endemic to the Western Ghats & Sri Lanka hotspot of biodiveristy and two endemic to the Himalaya hotspot of biodiversity.  Six Panagaeinae species and seven Dryptinae species recorded only from the Western Ghats and Sri Lanka hotspot of biodiversity are likely to be representatives of the Gondwana remnants.  Genus Ardistomopsis with five species is endemic to the Indian subcontinent.

 

Keywords: Dryptini, Galeritini, ground beetle, Panagaeini, Peliciini, Zuphini.

 

 

Introduction

 

Globally, 560 species from 30 genera have been described from the subfamily Dryptinae (Lorenz 2005) and 387 species in 29 genera are described from the subfamily Panagaeinae (Hackel & Farkac 2012).  Dryptinae (Dryptiini Bonelli, 1810, Zuphiini Bonelli, 1810 & Galeritiini Leconte, 1853) and Panagaeinae (Peliciini Chaudoir, 1880 & Panagaeini Bonelli, 1810) are two lesser known Carabidae subfamilies from the Indian subcontinent with 45 species and 33 species, respecitively.  Andrewes (1930) recorded 15 Dryptinae species and 11 Pangaeinae species from Indian subcontinent.  Taxonomic studies on these groups from Indian subcontinent have been infrequent since 1930 (Jedlicka 1935; Andrewes 1936; Landin 1955; Jedlicka 1956; Darlington 1968; Mateu 1981; Straneo & Ball 1989; Baehr 1990; Xie & Yu 1991; Mateu 1992; Baehr 1998; Kirschenofer 2000; Liang & Kavanaugh 2007; Kirschenhofer 2011; Hackel & Kirschenhofer 2014; Jithmon & Sabu 2018).

World Catalogue of Carabidae (Lorenz 2005) provided up to date nomenclatural information on Dryptinae and Panagaeinae and the Catalogue of Palearctic Coleoptera (Lobl & Lobl 2017) provided countrywise details and related bibliographic references of Palearctic region.  World Checklist of Panagaeinae (Hackel & Farkac 2012) provided country wise data including India for the subfamily Panagaeinae but no species specific regional distribution data.  In general, lack of species specific regional distribution data and reference details hinders taxonomic analysis of the Dryptinae and Panagaeinae fauna of the Indian subcontinent.  In this paper, we provide an up to date checklist of both subfamilies, with distribution and reference details of all species recorded in the Indian subcontinent (Indian mainland, Sri Lanka, and Bangladesh).

 

 

Materials and Methods

 

Distribution data for each species was collected by verifying records and descriptions of listed species between the years of 1781 and 2020.  Listed references were collected by analysing the primary literature, websites (e.g., Carabidae of the World, Catalogue of Life), and contacting various carabidologists.  Data for 12 Panagaeinae species was collected by examination of the insect collections of host institutions from various forest insect diversity projects.  Indian locality details of 65 species from the descriptions and records are provided, 13 species with no locality details in the descriptions are marked as from ‘India’, species from Oriental (ORR) and Palaeractic (PAR) localities of Indian subcontinent have been categorised as ORR - India/ PAR - India.

Specimens were collected from forests and agricultural lands in the south Indian states, Kerala and Tamil Nadu using light traps and by active collecting.  Specimens were identified with the aid of keys available in Liang and Kavanaugh (2004, 2007), Hackel & Kirschenhofer (2014a,b), Fedorenko (2016), Jithmon & Sabu (2018) and with aid of species descriptions available in various publications.  Verifications were done by comparing with the types in: MNHN—Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France; ZMUC—University of Copenhagen Zoological Museum, Denmark; ZMHB—Museum für Naturkunde, Humboldt Universität, Berlin, Germany; MPC—National Museum of Natural History, Prague, Czech Republic; and NHMW—Naturhistoriches Museum, Wien, Austria.  Images were taken using Leica M205C Stereo zoom microscope fitted with Leica MC 170 HD digital camera.  Measurements are taken with Leica LAS V4.5 software and provided in millimetres.  Verified specimens were added to the insect collections of Zoological Survey of India, Kozhikode station.

Separation of the Indian species from the World catalogue of Carabidae (Lorenz 2005) was done with the aid of Andrewes (1930), Hackel & Farkac (2012), and Löbl & Löbl (2017) and by verifying the distribution pattern of each species in the cited literature.  One species, Dischissus alaticollis Bates 1892 (Panagaeinae), known only from the Andamans is excluded from the list of species in Indian subcontinent.

 

Abbreviations and markings Used

id.   “Idem” (the same; as just mentioned)

ORR   Oriental Region

PAR   Palaearctic Region

IAR    Indo-Australian Region

*         Species assessed by the authors.

#     Species with Indian regional distribution data not available.

 

Checklist of the Indian Dryptinae with distribution records

I. Tribe Dryptini Bonelli , 1810

Genus 1. Drypta Latreille, 1796

Latreille, 1796: 75; Fabricius, 1801: 230; Latreille, 1806: 117; Dejean, 1825: 182; Schmidt-Goebel, 1846: 22; Lacordaire, 1854: 79; Andrewes, 1924: 51; id. 1930: 157; Lorenz, 2005: 503.

 

1. Drypta aenipes Wiedemann, 1823 #

Wiedemann, 1823: 60; Andrewes, 1921: 173; Heller, 1923: 304; Andrewes, 1930: 157; id. 1936: 135; Lorenz, 2005: 503.

Geographical Distribution: ORR - India, Bangladesh (Dhaka), Myanmar.

 

2. Drypta aetheria Andrewes, 1936

Andrewes, 1936: 135; Lorenz, 2005: 503.

Geographical Distribution: ORR - India (Assam).

 

3. Drypta argillacea Andrewes, 1924

Andrewes, 1924: 106; id. 1930: 157; id. 1936: 135; Lorenz, 2005: 503.

Geographic Distribution: ORR - India (Uttar Pradesh: Bijnor; Maharashtra: Nagpur; Odisha: Ganjam, Surada), Bangladesh (Dhaka), PAR - India (Uttarakhand: Chakrata, Dehra Dun, Nainital).

 

4. Drypta cyanopus Andrewes, 1936

Andrewes, 1936: 136; Lorenz, 2005: 503.

Geographic Distribution: ORR - Bangladesh (Sardah).

 

5. Drypta crassiuscula Chaudoir, 1861

Chaudoir, 1861: 550; Andrewes, 1923: 6; id. 1930: 157; id. 1936: 135; Lorenz, 2005: 503.

Geographic Distribution: PAR - India (Uttarakhand: Dehra Dun).

 

6. Drypta flavipes Wiedemann, 1823

Wiedemann, 1823: 60; Dejean, 1826: 442; Schmidt-Goebel, 1846: 24; Andrewes, 1921: 173; id. 1930: 158; id. 1936: 135; Lorenz, 2005: 503; Lobl & Lobl, 2017: 500.

=  pallipes Chaudoir, 1850: 33; id. 1861: 518.

Geographic Distribution: PAR - India (Himachal Pradesh: Shimla; Sikkim), Nepal, Bhutan, ORR - India (Assam).

 

7. Drypta lineola Macleay, 1825 (Image 1a) *

Macleay, 1825: 27; Dejean, 1825: 184; Redtenbacher, 1867: 4; Chaudoir, 1877: 262; Bates, 1883: 279; id. 1891: 336; id. 1892: 383; Heyne-Tasch, 1898: 13; Bouchard, 1903: 173; Andrewes, 1919: 167; id. 1923 (1924): 460; id. 1924: 469; id. 1930: 158; id. 1936: 135; Lorenz, 2005: 503.

Specimens examined (n= 5): SJC-ZO-CAR001, 15.x.2015, 2 ex. Rajapalayam, 9.4500N, 77.5660E, 275m, light trap, coll. Jithmon V.A. & Akhil S.V.; 18.x.2015, 2 ex. Kadayam, 8.8320N, 77.3570E, 367m, light trap, coll. Jithmon V.A. & Akhil S.V.; 03.iii.2015, 1 ex. Padinjarathara, 11.6720N, 75.9390E, 734m, light trap, coll. Jithmon V.A. & Akhil S.V.

Geographical Distribution: ORR - Throughout India (Tamil Nadu: Rajapalayam, Kadayam; Kerala: Padinjarathara), Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Malaysia, Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam, and Indonesia (Java, Sumatra, Borneo).

 

8. Drypta longicollis Macleay, 1825 #

Macleay, 1825: 28; Liang et al. 2004: 380.

= Drypta longicollis Dejean, 1825: 185.

= Dendrocellus longicollis Dejean; Bates, 1892: 385.

= Desera longicollis Macleay; Andrewes, 1919: 168; id. 1930: 142; Heller, 1923: 303; Jedlicka, 1963: 486; Lorenz, 2005: 504.

Geographic distribution: ORR - India, Myanmar (Karen hills, Thagata, Tenasserim).

 

9. Drypta siderea Bates, 1892

Bates, 1892: 382; Andrewes, 1923: 6; id. 1930: 159; id. 1936: 135; Lorenz, 2005: 503.

Geographic Distribution: ORR - India (Meghalaya: Garo hills), Myanamar (Karen Hills), Laos. PAR - India (Uttarakhand: Dehra Dun), China.

 

Genus 2. Dendrocellus Schmidt Geobel, 1846

Schmidt-Goebel, 1846: 24; Lacordaire, 1854: 80; Chaudoir, 1861: 545; id. 1872: 101; Bates, 1892: 385; Andrewes, 1930: 141; id. 1939: 133; Jeannel, 1949: 1064; Liang et al. 2004: 379.

= Desera Hope, 1838: 105; Lacordaire, 1854: 80; Dupuis, 1912: 319; Heller, 1923: 303; Csiki, 1932: 1553; Basilewsky, 1960: 177; Jedlicka, 1963: 486; Hansen, 1967: 400; Habu, 1967: 277; Lorenz, 2005: 503.

 

1. Dendrocellus coelestinus (Klug, 1834) #

Chaudoir 1861: 545; Liang & Kavanaugh, 2007: 15; Lobl & Lobl, 2017: 499.

= Drypta coelestina Klug 1834: 53.

= Desera coelestina (Klug), Andrewes 1927: 100; id. 1930: 141; Lorenz, 2005: 503.

= Dendrocellus parallelus Chaudoir 1872: 101.

Geographic distribution: ORR - North India, Myanmar (Carin Cheba), Thailand, Indonesia (Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi), Malaysia, Laos (Pakneun), PAR - Pakistan (Chiringa), Bhutan, China (Yunnan, Hainan).

 

2.  Dendrocellus confusus (Hansen, 1968) #

Liang & Kavanaugh, 2007: 16; Lobl & Lobl, 2017: 499.

= Desera confusa Hansen, 1968: 164; Lorenz, 2005: 503.

Geographic Distribution: ORR - India, Indonesia (Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan), Laos, Thailand. PAR - Pakistan (Ichamati), China (Fujiang; Guangdong; Guangxi), Japan.

 

3.  Dendrocellus geniculatus (Klug, 1834)

Schmidt-Geobel, 1846: 25; Liang & Kavanaugh, 2007: 19.

= Drypta geniculata Klug, 1834: 52; Chaudoir, 1872: 192; Bates, 1883: 279; id. 1889: 280; id. 1891: 336; Bouchard, 1903: 173; Andrewes, 1921: 173; Heller, 1921: 530; Andrewes, 1923: 8; Heller, 1923: 303; Andrewes, 1924: 469; id. 1930: 142; Lorenz, 2005: 503.

=  Desera (Dendrocellus) gilsoni Dupuis 1912: 319.

=  Desera gilsoni continentalis Hansen 1967: 405.

Var. Dendrocellus rugicollis Chaudoir, 1861: 546; id. 1872: 102; Andrewes, 1919: 170.

Geographic Distribution: ORR - India (Tamil Nadu: Pondicherry: Karaikal), Bangladesh, Cambodia, Malaysia (Malacca), Indonesia (Batoe Doelang; Sumatra), Laos, Thailand (Chiang Mai; Chonburi; Nakhon Nayok), Vietnam (Annam; Tonkin Hoabinh; Quang Nam). PAR - India (Sikkim), Bhutan, Pakistan (Ichamati), China (Formosa; Hainan; Fujian; Shanghai; Guangxi; Guizhou; Guangdong; Yunnan; Sichuan; Tibet), Japan. IAR - Philippines (Ile Basilan; Laguna; Mindoro).

 

4.  Dendrocellus inexpectus Liang & Kavanaugh, 2007

Liang & Kavanaugh, 2007: 23.

Geographic Distribution: ORR - India (Jharkhand: Chota Nagpur: Barway, Konbir; Maharashtra: Mumbai; Karnataka: Belgaum; Uttar Pradesh: Barnai).

 

5.  Dendrocellus nepalensis (Hope, 1831)

Chaudoir, 1872: 102; Liang & Kavanaugh, 2007: 27.

= Desera nepalensis Hope, 1831: 21; Dohrn, 1879: 457; Andrewes, 1919: 170; Heller, 1923: 303; Andrewes, 1930: 142; Lorenz, 2005: 504.

= Dendrocellus discolour Schmidt-Goebel, 1846: 24; Bates, 1891: 336; Andrewes, 1923: 7; Heller, 1923: 304.

Geographic Distribution: ORR - India (Assam: Assam valley, Khasi hills, Cachar; Sikkim; West Bengal: Darjiling, Gopaldhara, Pedong; Jharkhand: Chota Nagpur, Konbir; Rajasthan: Tetara; Tamil Nadu: Shenbaganur; Manipur), Bangladesh, Myanmar (Martaban), Vietnam (Tongking). PAR - Nepal, China (Tibet; Yunnan), Bhutan.

 

6. Dendrocellus rugicollis Chaudoir, 1861

Chaudoir, 1861: 546; Lorenz, 2005: 504.

=  Dendrocellus flavipes, Schmidt-Goebel, 1846: 24.

Geographic Distribution: ORR - North India (West Bengal: Kolkata). PAR - China (Guangxi), Nepal.

 

7. Dendrocellus unidentatus (Macleay, 1825)

Chaudoir, 1861: 545, Liang and Kavanaugh, 2007: 35; Lobl & Lobl, 2017: 499.

= Drypta unidentata Macleay, 1825: 28; Andrewes, 1919: 167; Heller, 1923: 303. Andrewes, 1930: 143.

= Desera unidentata Andrewes, 1919: 167; Lorenz, 2005: 504.

Geographic Distribution: ORR - India (Assam: Khasia hills; Andaman Islands), Indonesia (Java; Sumatra), Vietnam, Thailand, Myanmar (Matupi; Tenasserim; Carin Cheba), PAR - Pakistan (Ichamati), China (Yunnan).

 

II. Tribe Zuphini Bonelli, 1810

Genus 1. Paraleleupidia BASILEWSKY, 1951

Basilewsky, 1951: 176; id. 1953: 271 ; Baehr, 1990: 10; Mateu, 1981: 717 ; Lorenz, 2005: 504.

 

1. Paraleleupidia linearis Baehr, 1990

Baehr, 1990: 10; Lorenz, 2005: 504.

Geographic Distribution: ORR - India (Tamil Nadu: Ootacamund).

 

2. Paraleleupidia loebli Mateu, 1981

Mateu, 1981: 719; Lorenz, 2005: 504.

Geographic Distribution: ORR - India (Tamil Nadu: Nilgiri Hills).

 

3. Paraleleupidia besucheti Mateu, 1981

Mateu, 1981: 717; Lorenz, 2005: 504.

Geographic Distribution: ORR - India (Kerala: Cardamon hills, Pambanar, Peermedu).

 

Genus 2. Gunvorita Landin, 1955

Landin, 1955: 467; Darlington, 1968: 208; Mateu, 1981: 721; Perrault, 1982: 76; Casale 1985: 41; Baehr, 1988: 115; id. 1990: 16; id. 1991: 194; Lorenz, 2005: 504; Lobl & Lobl, 2017: 835.

 

1. Gunvorita besucheti Baehr, 1998

Baehr, 1998: 288; Lorenz, 2005: 504.

Geographic Distribution: ORR - India (West Bengal: Darjeeling: Algarah).

 

2. Gunvorita depressipennis Baehr, 1998

Baehr, 1998: 295; Lorenz, 2005: 504.

Geographic Distribution: ORR - India (Meghalaya: Khasi hills- Nongpoh).

 

3. Gunvorita elegans Landin, 1955

Landin, 1955: 467; Darlington, 1968: 210; Mateu, 1981: 721; Casale, 1985: 41; Baehr, 1998: 269; Lorenz, 2005: 504.

Geographic Distribution: ORR - India (West Bengal: Darjeeling). PAR - India (Sikkim), Nepal.

 

4. Gunvorita indica Darlington, 1968

Darlington, 1968: 208; Mateu, 1981: 722; Baehr, 1998: 274; Lorenz, 2005: 504.

Geographic Distribution: ORR - India (West Bengal: Darjeeling, Ghoom).

 

5. Gunvorita inermis Baehr, 1998

Baehr, 1998: 272; Lorenz, 2005: 504.

Geographic Distribution: ORR - India (West Bengal: Darjeeling: Mahanadi).

 

6. Gunvorita laeviceps Baehr, 1998

Baehr, 1998: 270; Lorenz, 2005: 504.

Geographic Distribution: ORR - India (West Bengal: Darjeeling).

 

7. Gunvorita minor Baehr, 1998

Baehr, 1998: 291; Lorenz, 2005: 505.

Geographic Distribution: ORR - India (Meghalaya: Khasi Hills: Mawsynram - Balat).

 

8. Gunvorita ovaliceps Baehr, 1998

Baehr, 1998: 275; Lorenz, 2005: 505.

Geographic Distribution: ORR - India (West Bengal: Darjeeling: Ghoom).

 

Genus 3. Agastus Schmidt-Goebel, 1846

Schmidt-Goebel, 1846: 30; Lacordaire, 1854: 87; Andrewes, 1930: 12; Lorenz, 2005: 505.

 

1. Agastus lineatus Schmidt-Goebel, 1846

Schmidt-Goebel, 1846: 31; Gestro, 1875: 867; Bates, 1889: 280; id. 1892: 388; Andrewes, 1923: 10; id. 1930: 13; Lorenz, 2005: 505.

Geographic Distribution: ORR - India (West Bengal: Kolkata), Myanmar, Vietnam (Cochinchina), Cambodia, PAR - Hong Kong, IAR - Philippines.

 

Genus 4. Zuphium Latreille, 1806

Latreille, 1806: 198; Latreille et Dejean, 1824: 121; Dejean, 1825: 192; Schmidt-Goebel, 1846: 27; Lacordaire, 1854: 85; Chaudoir, 1862: 310; K & J Daniel, 1898: 24; Bedel, 1913: 295; Andrewes, 1930: 358; Lorenz, 2005: 506.

 

1. Zuphium dabreui Andrewes, 1922 (Image 1b) *

Andrewes, 1922: 168; id. 1930: 359; Lorenz, 2005: 506.

Specimens examined (n=1): SJC-ZO-CAR002, 18.x.2015, India: Kadayam, 8.832˚N, 77.357˚E, 367m, light trap, coll. Jithmon V.A. & Akhil S.V.

Geographic Distribution: ORR - India (Maharashtra: Nagpur, Karnataka: Belgaum, Tamil Nadu: Chennai, Kadayam), Sri Lanka (Vauniya, Horawupotana).

 

2. Zuphium erebeum Andrewes, 1923 #

Andrewes, 1923: 243; id. 1930: 359; Lorenz, 2005: 506.

Geographic Distribution: ORR - Sri Lanka.

 

3. Zuphium erythrocephalum Chaudoir, 1862 (Image 1c) *

Chaudoir, 1862: 311 Andrewes, 1930: 359; Lorenz, 2005: 506.

Specimens examined (n= 1): SJC-ZO-CAR003, India: Rajapalayam, 9.450˚N, 77.566˚E, Pitfall, 275 m, 14.II.2015, coll. Jithmon V.A. & Akhil S.V.

Geographic Distribution: ORR - India (Madhya Pradesh: Neemuch; Maharashtra: Nagpur; Kerala: Malabar; Tamil Nadu: Rajapalayam, Ooty, Chennai, Pondicherry).

 

4. Zuphium indicum Andrewes, 1922

Andrewes, 1922: 167; id. 1930: 359; Lorenz, 2005: 506.

Geographic Distribution: ORR - India (Maharashtra: Nagpur).

 

5. Zuphium modestum Schmidt-Goebel, 1846

Schmidt-Goebel, 1846: 29; Chaudoir, 1862: 312; Bates, 1892: 387; Andrewes, 1923: 10; id. 1930: 359; Lorenz, 2005: 506.

Geographic Distribution: ORR - India (West Bengal: Kolkata; Maharashtra: Nagpur, Venna Valley, satara), Myanmar (Tharrawaddy, Palon), Malaysia (Penang), Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam (Cochinchina).

 

6. Zuphium olens (Rossi, 1790)

Rossi, 1790: 217; Chaudoir, 1862: 311; Bates, 1889: 280; id. 1892: 386; Andrewes, 1921: 155; id. 1923: 9; id. 1927: 99; id. 1930: 359; Lorenz, 2005: 506; Lobl & Lobl, 2017: 837.

= clermonti Jeannel, 1949a: 49

= kochi Schatzmayr, 1936a: 106

= longiusculum Chaudoir, 1842a: 804

= pubescens Nietner, 1858: 182

= rufifrons Chaudoir, 1863d: 312

Geographic Distribution: ORR - India (West Bengal: Kolkata; Delhi: Pusa; Bihar: Chapra; Odisha: Balugaon), Sri Lanka, Myanmar (Tharrawaddy, Moulmein, Palon, Tikekee (Pegu), Tenasserim), Malayasia (Langkawi I), Thailand, Vietnam (CochinChina, Annam), Indonesia (Java), PAR-China, Albania, Austria, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Corsica, Italy, France, Spain, Ukrain, Malta, Israel, southern European Russia, Africa (Egypt).

 

Genus 5. Metazuphium Mateu, 1992

Mateu, 1992: 196; Lorenz, 2005: 506.

 

1. Metazuphium spinangulus Mateu, 1992 #

Mateu, 1992: 196; Lorenz, 2005: 506.

Geographic Distribution: ORR - Sri Lanka

 

Genus 6.  Parazuphium Jeannel, 1942

Jeannel, 1942: 1094; Lorenz, 2005: 507; Lobl & Lobl, 2017: 836.

 

1. Parazuphium inconspicuum (Schmidt-Goebel, 1846)

Schmidt-Goebel, 1846: 30; Bates, 1892: 387; Andrewes, 1923: 10; id. 1930: 359; Jeannel, 1942: 1094; Lorenz, 2005: 507.

Geographical Distribution: ORR - India (Karnataka: Belgaum), Myanmar (Palon), Thailand, Indonesia, IAR - Philippines.

 

Genus 7. Planetes Macleay, 1825

Macleay, 1825: 28; Lacordaire, 94; Bates, 1873: 304; Andrewes, 1924: 52; id. 1930: 278; Lorenz, 2005: 507; Lobl & Lobl, 2017: 501.

= Heteroglossa Nietner, 1857: 141; id. 1857: 279.

 

1. Planetes bimaculatus Macleay, 1825

Macleay, 1825: 29; Chaudoir, 1872: 139; Bates, 1892: 388; Andrewes, 1919: 169; id. 1930: 278; Lorenz, 2005: 507.

Geographic Distribution: ORR - India (Assam), Sri Lanka, Myanmar (Karen Hills), Malaysia (Kuala Lumpur), Thailand, Indonesia (Java, Sumatra), PAR - Japan (Nagasaki, Hiogo), China.

 

2. Planetes indicus Andrewes, 1922

Andrewes, 1922: 166; id. 1930: 278; Lorenz, 2005: 507.

Geographic Distribution: ORR - India (Maharashtra: Nagpur).

 

3. Planetes ruficeps Schaum, 1863 (Image 1e) *

Schaum, 1863: 81; Chaudoir, 1872: 139; Andrewes, 1924: 53; id. 1930: 279; Lorenz, 2005: 507.

= bimaculatus (Heteroglossa) Nietner, 1857: 144; id. 1857: 282; Andrewes; 197: 106.

Specimens examined (n= 2): SJC-ZO-CAR004, 1 ex, India: Tholpetty, 11.960˚N, 76.064˚E, 882m, light trap, 05.v.2015, coll. Jithmon V.A. & Akhil. S.V.; 1 ex, Koorachundu, 11.538˚N, 75.845˚E, 95m, hand picking, 12.xi.2016, coll. Jithmon V.A.

Geographic Distribution: ORR - India (Kerala: Tholpetty, Koorachundu; Odisha: Surada; Tamil Nadu: Chennai, Nilgiri Hills), Bangladesh (Dhaka), Sri Lanka (Colombo, Hambegamuwa, Kotte), Myanmar (Tharrawaddy). PAR - India (Uttarakhand: Dehra Dun).

 

4. Planetes ruficollis (Nietner, 1857)

Nietner, 1857: 144; id. 1857: 282; Chaudoir, 1872: 140; Vuillet, 1912: 17; Andrewes, 1927: 106; id. 1930: 279; Lorenz, 2005: 507.

Geographic Distribution: ORR - India (Delhi: Pusa), Bangladesh (Dhaka), Sri Lanka (Colombo), Vietnam (CochinChina), Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia, Cambodia.

 

5. Planetes simplex Bates, 1886

Bates, 1886: 199; Andrewes, 1930: 279; Lorenz, 2005: 507.

Geographic Distribution: ORR - Sri Lanka (Peradeniya).

 

III. Tribe- Galeritini Leconte, 1853

Genus 1. Galerita Fabricius, 1801

Fabricius, 1801: 214; Latreille, 1806: 117; Dejean, 1825: 186; Schmidt-Goebel, 1848: 26; Lacordaire, 1854: 82; Andrewes, 1924: 52; id. 1930: 167; Lorenz, 2005: 508.

= Galeritula Strand, 1936: 168

= Galeritina Jeannel, 1949c: 1058

= Galeritella Jeannel, 1949c: 1058

= Galeritiola Jeannel, 1949c: 1059

 

1. Galerita batesi Andrewes, 1923 #

Andrewes, 1923: 9; id. 1930: 168; Lorenz, 2005: 508.

= orientallis (not Schmidt-Goebel) Bates, 1889: 109; id. 1892: 385.

Geographic Distribution: ORR - India, Bangladesh (Sylhet), Myanmar (Karen hills, Teinzo, Palon, Thagata, Tenasserim, Annam), Vietnam.

 

2. Galerita indica Chaudoir, 1861 #

Chaudoir, 1861: 557; id. 1877: 255; Andrewes, 1930: 168; Lorenz, 2005: 508; Lobl & Lobl, 2017: 500.

Geographic Distribution: ORR - northern India.

 

3. Galerita orientalis Schmidt-Goebel, 1846 (Image 1d) *

Schmidt-Goebel, 1846: 26; Bates, 1889: 109; Andrewes, 1923: 8; id. 1930: 168; Lorenz, 2005: 509; Kushwaha et al. 2015: 22; Lobl & Lobl, 2017: 500.

= Galerita nigripennis Chaudoir, 1861: 557; id, 1877: 255; Andrewes, 1924: 52; id. 1930: 168; Lorenz, 2005: 509.

Specimens examined (n= 2): SJC-ZO-CAR005, 15.iii.2015, 1ex, India: Chelari, 11.100˚N, 75.883˚E, 55m, hand picking, coll. Akhil S.V.; 26.xi.2017, 1ex, Kakkayam, 11.551˚N, 75.925˚E, 755m, hand pickinging, coll. Jithmon V.A.

Geographic Distribution: ORR - India (Kerala: Chelari, Kakkayam; Assam: Khasi Hills; Madhya Pradesh: Mhow; Maharashtra: Nagpur; Odisha: Surada), Bangladesh (Dhaka), Myanmar (Patkai hills), Indonesia, PAR - Taiwan, Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea.

 

4. Galerita ruficeps Chaudoir, 1861

Chaudoir, 1861: 556; Andrewes, 1930: 168; Lorenz, 2005: 509.

Geographic Distribution: PAR - India (Uttarakhand: Harki Dun, Nainital, Almora).

 

Checklist of the Indian Panagaeinae with distribution records

I. Tribe Peliciini Chaudoir, 1880

Genus 1. Ardistomopsis Straneo & Ball, 1989

Straneo & Ball,1989.123; Lorenz, 2005: 318.

= Disphaericus (in part) Schaum,1864: 122; Bates,1886: 73; Andrewes, 1923: 228; id. 1927: 109; id. 1930: 153; Csiki,1929: 400.

 

1. Ardistomopsis andrewesi Straneo & Ball, 1989

Straneo & Ball, 1989: 126; Lorenz, 2005: 318.

Geographic Distribution: ORR - India (Tamil Nadu: Shenbaganur, Palani Hills).

 

2. Ardistomopsis batesi Straneo & Ball, 1989

Straneo & Ball, 1989: 126; Lorenz, 2005: 318.

Geographic Distribution: ORR - India (Madhya Pradesh: Jabalpur).

 

3. Ardistomopsis marginicollis (Schaum, 1864)

Straneo & Ball, 1989: 124; Lorenz, 2005: 318.

= Disphaericus marginicollis Schaum, 1864: 122; Andrewes, 1923: 228; id. 1927: 109; id. 1930: 153; Csiki, 1929: 400.

Geographic Distribution: ORR - India (Tamil Nadu: Chennai, Tharangambadi; Karnataka: Bengaluru; Andhra Pradesh: Horseley Konda).

 

4. Ardistomopsis myrmex (Andrewes, 1923)

Straneo & Ball, 1989: 125; Lorenz, 2005: 318.

= Disphaericus myrmex Andrewes, 1923: 228; id. 1930: 153; Csiki, 1929: 400.

Geographic Distribution: ORR - India (Tamil Nadu: Anamalai Hills), Sri Lanka (Koggala, Velverry).

 

5. Ardistomopsis ovicollis (Bates, 1886)

Straneo & Ball, 1989: 125; Lorenz, 2005: 318.

= Disphaericus ovicollis Bates, 1886: 73; Andrewes, 1923: 229; id., 1930: 153; Csiki, 1929: 400.

Geographic Distribution: ORR - Sri Lanka (Dikoya).

 

II. Tribe- Panagaeini Bonelli, 1810

Genus 1. Craspedophorus Hope, 1838 

Hope, 1838: 165; Lacordaire, 1854: 210; Chaudoir, 1878: 90; Andrewes, 1919: 126; id. 1924: 22; id. 1930: 133; Kirschenhofer, 2000: 328; Lorenz, 2005: 320; Hackel & Kirschenhofer, 2014: 276; Fedorenko, 2016: 2.

= Camptoderus Hope, 1838: 66.

= Eudema Castelnau, 1840: 137; Lacordaire, 1854: 210; Chaudoir, 1878: 133.

= Isotarsus Laferte-Senectere, 1851:  217.

= Epicosmus Chaudoir, 1846: 512; id. 1854: 338; id. 1861: 335; id. 1878: 104.

= Brachycosmus Jeannel, 1949: 857 (subgenus)

= Acanthocosmus Jeannel, 1949: 855 (subgenus)

 

1. Craspedophorus angulatus (Fabricius, 1781) (Image 1f) *

Andrewes, 1919: 125; id. 1921: 154; id. 1924: 115; id. 1924b: 462; id. 1930: 133; Jedlicka 1965: 3; Kirschenhofer, 2000: 323; Baehr, 2003: 446; Lorenz, 2005: 320; Pang & Tian, 2012: 265; Hackel & Farkac, 2012: 78; Hackel & Kirschenhofer, 2014: 276 & 357; Fedorenko, 2016: 4; Manthen & Hegde, 2018: 206.

= Carabus angulatus Fabricius, 1781: 302; id. 1787: 197; id. 1792: 148; Oliver,35.38.

= Carabus reflexus Fabricius, 1801: 166 (not 1781).

= Cychrus reflexus Fabricius 1801: 166.

= Panagaeus angulatus Hope, 1838: 92; Chaudoir, 1861: 336; Heyne-Tasch, 1898: 21.

= Pimelia fasciatus Fabricius, 1781: 318; id. 1787: 209; id. 1792: 104; Schaum, 1847: 42; Motschulsky, 1855: 69.

= Panagaeus tomentosus Vigors, 1825: 537; Dejean, 1826: 284; Dejean, 1831: 598; Schaum, 1847: 42.

= Panagaeus fabricii Hope, 1838: 66.

= Pimelia bifasciata Chaudoir, 1861: 336.

= Eudema bifasciatum Chaudoir, 1878: 133. Alluaud, 1895: 130

= Eudema michardi Fairmaire 1880: 307; Alluaud, 1895: 130.

Specimens examined (n= 1): SJC-ZO-CAR006, 26.v.2017, India: Bonacaud, 8.756˚N, 77.188˚E, 933m, hand picking, coll. Jithmon V.A. & Akhil S.V.

Geographic Distribution: ORR - India (Andra Pradesh; Tamil Nadu: Coimbatore, Pondicheri; Karnataka: Shivamogga, Mysuru; Kerala: Bonacaud; Maharashtra: Pune), Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Myanmar.

 

2. Craspedophorus bifasciatus (Castelnau, 1835) (Image 2a) *

Andrewes, 1919: 126; id. 1921: 341; Andrewes, 1930: 134; Kirschenhofer, 2000: 323; Lorenz, 2005: 320; Hackel & Farkac, 2012: 78; Hackel & Kirschenhofer, 2014: 276 & 346; Fedorenko, 2016: 4.

= Panagaeus bifasciatus Castelnau, 1835: 155.

= Isotarsus bifasciatus Laferte-Senectere, 1851: 220; Schaum, 1853: 431; Motschulsky, 1855: 69.

= Epicosmus bifasciatus Chaudoir, 1861: 336;

= Epicosmus castelnaui Chaudoir, 1878: 112; Bates, 1886: 73; Andrewes 1919: 126.

= Eudema bifasciatum Heyne-Tasch, 1898: 21; 

Specimens examined (n= 3): SJC-ZO-CAR007, 10.ix.2015, 1 ex, India: Bharathiyar, 11.047˚N, 76.880˚E, 514m, hand picking, coll. Akhil. S.V.; 06.xii.2017, 1 ex, Chinnar, 10.3˚N, 77.175˚E, 627m, hand picking, coll. Divya M.; 18.x.2015, 1 ex, Kadayam, 8.832˚N, 77.357˚E, Hand picking, coll. Jithmon V.A. & Akhil S.V.

Geographic Distribution: ORR - India (Kerala: Chinnar; Tamil Nadu: Kadayam, Coimbatore, Bharathiyar, Chennai, Mahabalipuram, Nilgiri Hills, Thiruchirapally, Pondicherry; Andhra Pradesh: Udayagiri, Horsely Konda; Madhya Pradesh; Odisha: Barunikuda I. - Lake Chilika), Sri Lanka (Colombo, Trincomalee, Suriya Ara, Tissa, Maha, Illupalama).

 

3. Craspedophorus geniculatus (Wiedemann, 1823)

Andrewes, 1921: 170, 187; id. 1930: 135; Kirschenhofer, 2000: 323; Lorenz, 2005: 320; Hackel & Farkac, 2012: 78; Hackel & Kirschenhofer, 2014: 276 & 301.

= Panagaeus geniculatus Wiedemann, 1823: 56; Schaum, 1853: 28.

= Isotarsus rufipalpis Laferte-Senectere, 1851: 221 (nomen nudum Andrewes 1924b: 588); Chaudoir, 1878: 110; Andrewes, 1930: 135; Kirschenhofer, 2000: 323; Hackel & Farkac, 2012: 77, 79.

= Epicosmus geniculatus Chaudoir, 1861: 351; id. 1869: 351; id. 1878: 112. Andrewes, 1924: 588.

=  Epicosmus hilaris Chaudoir, 1878: 110; Csiki, 1929: 357.

Geographic Distribution: ORR - India (West Bengal; Delhi: Pusa; Bihar).

 

4. Craspedophorus gracilipes (Bates, 1892)

Andrewes, 1930: 135. Saha & Biswas, 1985: 123; Kirschenhofer, 2000: 323; Lorenz, 2005: 320; Hackel & Farkac, 2012: 78; Hackel & Kirschenhofer, 2014: 276 & 370; Lobl & Lobl, 2017: 638.

= Epicosmus gracilipes Bates, 1892: 302.

Geographic Distribution: ORR - India (Assam: Sadiya; Arunachal Pradesh: Noa Dihing), Myanmar (Kachin), PAR - China (Yunnan).

 

5. Craspedophorus hexagonus (Chaudoir, 1861)

Andrewes, 1930: 135. Kirschenhofer, 2000: 323; Lorenz, 2005: 320; Hackel & Farkac, 2012: 78; Hackel & Kirschenhofer, 2014: 276 & 329; Lobl & Lobl, 2017: 638.

= Epicosmus hexagonus Chaudoir, 1861: 338; id. 1878: 114.

Geographic Distribution: ORR - India (Indes orientales), PAR - India (Uttarakhand: Dehra Dun).

 

6. Craspedophorus hilaris (Laferte-Senectere, 1851)

Andrewes, 1921: 170; id. 1924: 588; id. 1930: 135; Kirschenhofer, 2000: 323; Lorenz, 2005: 320; Kirschenhofer, 2011: 47; Hackel & Farkac, 2012: 77; Hackel & Kirschenhofer, 2014: 276 & 303; Manthen & Hegde, 2018: 206. 

= Isotarsus hilaris Laferte-Senectere, 1851: 221.

= Epicosmus hilaris Chaudoir, 1861: 345; id. 1878: 110.

Geographic Distribution:  ORR - India (West Bengal; Maharashtra: Pune).

 

7. Craspedophorus incostatus Kirschenhofer, 2000

Kirschenhofer, 2000: 349; Lorenz, 2005: 320; Hackel & Farkac, 2012: 78; Hackel & Kirschenhofer, 2014: 276 & 349.

Geographic Distribution: PAR - India (Uttarakhand: Ramgarh).

 

8. Craspedophorus mandarinellus (Bates, 1892) (Image 2b) *

Andrewes, 1921: 187; Andrewes, 1930: 135; Baehr, 2003: 447; Xie & Yu, 1991: 170; Kirschenhofer, 2000: 324; Lorenz, 2005: 321; Kirschenhofer, 2011: 40, 47; Hackel & Farkac, 2012: 77; Hackel & Kirschenhoffer, 2014: 309 ; Fedorenko, 2016: 30; Lobl & Lobl, 2017: 638.

= Epicosmus mandarinellus  Bates, 1892: 299.

= Craspedophorus vietnamensis Kirschenhofer, 2000: 339; Hackel & Farkac, 2012: 77; Fedorenko, 2016: 30.

= Craspedophorus freudeellus Hackel & Kirschenhofer, 2014: 299; Fedorenko, 2016: 30.

Specimens examined (n= 2): SJC-ZO-CAR008, 16.x.2016, 1 ex, India: Koorachundu, 11.538˚N, 75.845˚E, 95m, light trap, coll. Jithmon V.A.; 10.ii.2017, 1 ex, Peruvannamoozhi, 11.596˚N, 75.823˚E, 128m, light trap, coll. Jithmon V.A.

Geographic Distribution: ORR - India (Karnataka: Shivamogga; Kerala: Koorachundu, Peruvannamoozhi), Myanmar (Kachin, Nam Tamai, Tenasserim), Vietnam (Dongnai), PAR -  China (Guangxi, Guangdong, Yunnan).

 

9. Craspedophorus pubiger (Chaudoir, 1861) #

Andrewes, 1930: 136; Kirschenhofer, 2000: 324; Lorenz, 2005: 321; Hackel & Farkac, 2012: 79; Hackel & Kirschenhofer, 2014: 354; Fedorenko, 2016: 4.

= Epicosmus pubiger Chaudoir, 1861: 337; id. 1878: 122.

Geographic Distribution: ORR - ‘Indes orientales’

 

10. Craspedophorus assamensis Hackel & Kirschenhofer, 2014

Hackel & Kirschenhofer, 2014: 341.

Geographic Distribution: ORR - India (Assam).

 

11. Craspedophorus sikkimensis Hackel & Kirschenhofer, 2014

Hackel & Kirschenhofer, 2014: 337; Lobl & Lobl, 2017: 638.   Geographic Distribution: PAR - India (Sikkim: Rabong).

 

12. Craspedophorus maharashtraensis Kirschenhofer, 2011

Kirschenhofer, 2011: 43; Hackel & Farkac, 2012: 77; Hackel & Kirschenhofer, 2014: 308 Manthen & Hegde, 2018: 207. 

Geographic Distribution: ORR - India (Maharashtra: Panchgani).

 

13. Craspedophorus cereus (Macleay, 1825)

Andrewes, 1919: 135; id. 1930: 134; Kirschenhofer, 2000: 323; Lorenz, 2005: 320; Hackel & Farkac, 2012: 80; Hackel & Kirschenhofer, 2014: 73; Hackel, 2015: 238; Fedorenko, 2016: 31; Manthen & Hegde, 2018: 206. 

= Panagaeus cereus Macleay, 1825: 12.

= Craspedophorus buruensis Hackel & Kirschenhofer, 2014: 295.

= Craspedophorus formosanus Jedlicka, 1939: 1; id. 1965: 5; Habu, 1978: 71; Kirschenhofer, 2000: 330; Hackel & Farkac, 2012: 77; Hackel & Kirschenhofer, 2014:  298.

= Craspedophorus chinensis Jedlicka, 1965: 5; Kirschenhofer, 2000: 331; Hackel & Kirschenhofer, 2014: 297.

= Craspedophorus saddlepeakensis Kirschenhofer, 2011: 45; Hackel & Kirschenhofer, 2014: 319.

= Craspedophorus laosensis Kirschenhofer, 2012: 231; Hackel & Kirschenhofer, 2014: 305.

= Craspedophorus punensis Hackel & Kirschenhofer, 2014: 318.

= Craspedophorus batesi Hackel, 2014: 3.

= Craspedophorus maculatus: Hackel & Kirschenhofer, 2014: 307.

= Craspedophorus philippinus Jedlicka, 1939: 1.

Geographic Distribution: ORR -  India (Maharashtra: Mumbai, Pune; Andaman Is.), Laos, Vietnam, Indonesia (Java, Buru), PAR - southern China, southern Japan, IAR - Philippines.

 

14. Craspedophorus bisemilunatis (Xie & Yu, 1991).

Xie & Yu, 1991: 161; Lobl & Lobl, 2017: 638.

= Craspedophorus dehradunensis Hackel & Kirschenhofer, 2014: 281.

= Dischissus dehradunensis Kirschenhofer, 2000: 355; Lorenz, 2005: 320; Hackel & Farkac, 2012: 84.

= Dischissus guangdongensis Hackel & Kirschenhofer, 2014b: 282.

= Dischissus sapaensis Kirschenhofer, 1994: 1044.

Geographic Distribution: PAR - India (Uttarakhand: Dehra Dun), China (Guangdong, Guizhou, Guangxi, Yunnan).

 

15. Craspedophorus microspilotus Andrewes, 1924

Andrewes, 1924: 131; id. 1930: 136; id. 1933: 1; Kirschenhofer, 2000: 324, 330; Lorenz, 2005: 321; Kirschenhofer, 2011: 47; Hackel & Farkac, 2012: 77; Hackel & Kirschenhofer, 2014: 314.

Geographic Distribution: ORR - Sri Lanka (Nuwara Eliya).

 

16. Craspedophorus halyi Andrewes, 1923

Andrewes, 1923: 230; id. 1930: 135; Kirschenhofer, 2000: 323; Lorenz, 2005: 320; Hackel & Farkac, 2012: 78; Hackel & Kirschenhofer, 2014: 302.

Geographic Distribution: ORR - Sri Lanka (Niroddumunai).

 

17. Craspedophorus lankaensis Hackel & Kirschenhofer, 2014 #

Hackel & Kirschenhofer, 2014: 351.

Geographic Distribution: ORR - Sri Lanka

 

Genus 2. Adischissus Fedorenko, 2015

Fedorenko, 2015: 273; Lobl & Lobl, 2017: 637.

 

1. Adischissus notulatus (Fabricius, 1801) (Image 2c) *

Fedorenko, 2015: 277; Lobl & Lobl, 2017: 637.         

= Carabus notulatus Fabricius, 1801: 201; Hope, 1838: 90; Schaum, 1847: 48; id. 1853: 432; Motschulsky, 1855: 70;

= Dischissus notulatus Andrewes, 1921: 162; id. 1930: 153; Lorenz, 2005: 322.

= Dischissus longicornis (Craspedophorus) Schaum, 1863: 84; Chaudoir, 153; Bates, 1892: 303; Heller, 1916: 276; Andrewes, 1927: 108.

= Dischissus sumatranus (Panagaeus) Dohrn, 1891: 253 and 254; Andrewes, 1922: 246.

= Dischissus tibialis Andrewes, 1933:

Specimens examined (n=2): SJC-ZO-CAR009, 15.vi.2015, 1 ex, India: Koorachundu, 11.538˚N, 75.845˚E, 95m, hand picking, coll. Jithmon V.A.; 10.ii.2017, 1 ex, Peruvannamoozhi, 11.596˚N, 75.823˚E, 128m, Light trap, coll. Jithmon V.A.

Geographic Distribution: ORR - India (West Bengal: Kolkata; Goa: Margo, Calangut; Tamil Nadu: Nilgiri hills; Kerala: Koorachundu, Peruvannamoozhi), Myanmar (Insein, Toungoo, Rangoon, Kawkareik), Vietnam (Annam, Dongnai, Lam Dong, Binh Duong, Tay Ninh, Phuoc Vinh), Malaysia (Kuala Lumpur), Singapore, PAR – India (Sikkim: Namsoo; Uttarakhand: Almora), China (Anhui, Foochow, Guangdong, Guizhou, Guangxi, Hunan, Shanghai), Hongkong.

 

2. Adischissus quadrinotatus (Motchulsky, 1865)

Fedorenko, 2015: 277; Lobl & Lobl, 2017: 637.

= Peranomus quadrinotatus Motschulsky, 1864: 333;

= Dischissus quadrinotatus Bates, 1873: 244; Chaudoir, 1878: 152; Andrewes, 1928: 22; id. 1930: 153; Lorenz, 2005: 322.

Geographic Distribution: ORR - India (Karnataka: Shivamogga: Sringeri), Vietnam (Annam), PAR - Japan.

 

Genus 3. Microcosmodes Strand, 1936

Strand, 1936: 169; Lorenz, 2005: 322; Fedorenko, 2015: 278; Lobl & Lobl, 2017: 639.

= Microshemus Andewes, 1940: 536.

= Microcosmus Chaudoir, 1878: 139.

 

1. Microcosmodes flavopilosus (Laferte-Senectere, 1851)

Lorenz, 2005: 322; Lobl & Lobl, 2017: 639.

= Isotarsus flavopilosus Laferte-Senectere, 1851: 222; Chaudoir, 1861: 348; id. 1878: 142; Bates, 1873: 243.

= Epicosmus transversus Motschulsky, 1864: 332; Andrewes, 1928: 11.

Geographic Distribution: ORR - India (Delhi: Pusa; West Bengal: Kolkata; Maharashtra: Nagpur, Mumbai, Bandra; Tamil Nadu: Chennai, Coimbatore; Lakshadweep: Minikoi; Gopkuda), Bangladesh (Dhaka, Sardah), Indonesia (Sumatra), Vietnam (Tongking), PAR – India (Uttarakhand: Dehra Dun), Nepal, Japan, China, Taiwan (Formosa).

 

2. Microcosmodes elegans (Dejean, 1826) #

Fedorenko, 2015: 278; Lobl & Lobl, 2017: 639.

= Panagaeus elegans Dejean, 1826: 290.

= Isotarsus elegans Laferte-Senectere, 1851: 221; Schaum, 1853: 432.

= Craspedophorus elegans Andrewes, 1921: 162; id. 1924: 23; id. 1930: 134; Kirschenhofer, 2000: 323, 347; Lorenz, 2005: 320; Kirschenhofer, 2011: 47; Hackel & Farkac, 2012: 77; Hackel & Kirschenhofer, 2014: 276 & 284.

Geographic Distribution: ORR - Throughout India, Sri Lanka. PAR – Nepal, Pakistan.

 

Genus 4. Euschizomerus Chaudoir, 1850

Chaudoir, 1850: 413; Lacordaire, 1854: 212; Chaudoir, 1878: 157; Andrewes, 1930: 165; Kirschenhofer, 2000: 359; Lorenz, 2005: 322; Hackel & Farkac, 2012: 86; Lobl & Lobl, 2017: 639.

= Euschiromerus Chaudoir, 1869: (in error)

= Praeschizomerus Kirschenhofer, 2000: 359. (Subgenus).

 

1. Euschizomerus aeneus Chaudoir, 1869

Chaudoir, 1869: 118; id. 1878: 160; Bates, 1892: 303; Andrewes, 1930: 165; Lorenz, 2005: 322; Hackel & Farkac, 2012: 86.

Geographic Distribution: ORR - Bangladesh (Dhaka), Myanmar (Taik Kyi, Pegu).

 

2. Euschizomerus denticollis (Kollar, 1836) (Image 2e) *

Andrewes, 1930: 165; Lorenz, 2005: 322; Hackel & Farkac, 2012: 86.

= Panagaeus denticollis Kollar, 1835: 334; Chaudoir, 1878: 161.

Specimens examined (n= 1): SJC-ZO-CAR010, 10.v.2017, India: Ernakulam, Kalady, 17m, 10.166˚N, 76.438˚E, hand picking, coll. Divya M.

Geographic Distribution: ORR - India (West Bengal: Kolkata, Kerala: Ernakulam: Kalady), Sri Lanka.

 

3. Euschizomerus devagiriensis Jithmon & Sabu, 2018 (Image 2d) *

Jithmon & Sabu, 2018: 362.

Specimens examined (n= 1): SJC-ZO-CAR011, 25.v.2017, India: Kozhikode, Devagiri, 11.265˚N, 75.835˚E, 45m, hand picking, coll. Divya M.

Geographic Distribution: ORR - India (Kerala: Kozhikode: Devagiri).

 

4. Euschizomerus indicus Jedlicka, 1956 (Image 2f) *

Jedlicka, 1955: 207; Lorenz, 2005: 322; Hackel & Farkac, 2012: 86.

= Euschizomerus schuhi Kirschenhofer, 2000: 360; Hackel & Farkac, 2012: 87.

Specimens examined (n= 6): SJC-ZO-CAR012, 18.iv.2017, 4 ex, India: Kozhikode (East Devagiri), 11.265˚N, 75.835˚E, 45m, light, coll. Divya M.; 05.x.2016, 2 ex, Govindapuram, 11.233˚N, 75.8˚E, 11m, UV light, coll. Anju.

Geographic Distribution: ORR - India (Maharashtra: Mumbai: Lonvala; Goa: Benaulin beach; Kerala: Kozhikode: East Devagiri, Govindapuram).

 

5. Euschizomerus metallicus Harold, 1879 #

Harold, 1879: 331; Vuillet, 1912: 19; Andrewes, 1927: 109; Andrewes, 1930: 165; Lorenz, 2005: 322; Hackel & Farkac, 2012: 86.

Geographic Distribution: ORR - “Indes orientales”, Myanmar (Karen Hills, Rangoon, Tenasserim); Cambodia.

 

Genus 5. Trichisia Motschulsky, 1864

Motschulsky, 1864: 331; Chaudoir, 1878: 164; Lorenz, 2005: 322; Hackel & Farkac, 2012: 98; Lobl & Lobl, 2017: 640.

 

1. Trichisia morio (Laferte-Senectere, 1851)

Andrewes, 1930: 350; Lorenz, 2005: 323; Hackel & Farkac, 2012: 98.

= Isotarsus morio Laferte-Senectere, 1851: 221; Chaudoir, 1861: 348; Id. 1878: 165; Gardner, 1927: 66.

= cyanescens Motschulsky, 1864: 332; Andrewes, 1928: 24.

Geographic Distribution: ORR - India (Assam: Jorhat; Delhi: Pusa), Bangladesh (Dhaka), Indonesia (Sumatra), PAR - India (Uttarakhand: Dehra Dun), Pakistan (Rawalpindi).

 

2. Trichisia violacea Jedlicka, 1935 #

Jedlicka, 1935: 2; Lorenz, 2005: 323; Hackel & Farkac, 2012: 98.

Geographic Distribution: ORR - India, IAR - Philippines; PAR - China.

 

 

Discussion

 

Out of the 45 Dryptinae species recorded from India, 24 species (53.3%) are endemic to the Indian subcontinent, with two species endemic to the Indian palaerctic region (PAR) and 22 species endemic to the Indian Oriental region (ORR).  Among the 21 species endemic to the Indian ORR region, six species (Paraleleupidia linearis, P. loebli, P. besucheti, Zuphium erebeum, Metazuphium spinangulus, and Planetes simplex) are endemic to the Western Ghats & Sri Lanka hotspot of biodiversity, two species (Gunvorita depressipennis and G. minor) are endemic to the Indo Burma hotspot of biodiversity and two species (Drypta crassiuscula and Galerita ruficeps) are endemic to the Himalaya hotspot of biodiversity.  Six species endemic to the Western Ghats & Sri Lanka hotspot of biodiversity (Paraleleupidia linearis, P. loebli, P. besucheti, Zuphium erebeum, Metazuphium spinangulus, and Planetes simplex) could be remnants of the ancient Indian fauna existed on Indian part of Gondwanaland which broke away from Gondwana land along with Madagascar in the early Cretaceous (about 160 million years ago) leading to the formation of Indian subcontinent (Mani 1974; Courtillot et al. 1988; Sabu et al. 2008).

Out of the 33 Panagaeinae species recorded from Indian subcontinent, 20 species (60.6%) are endemic to the Indian subcontinent with genus Ardistomopsis with five species.  Two species (Craspedophorus sikkimensis, Craspedophorus incostatus) reported only from Indian PAR region, 17 Panagaeinae species reported only from Indian ORR region and Craspedophorus hexagonus reported from both Indian ORR and PAR regions.  Among the 20 Indian subcontinent endemic species, seven species (Ardistomopsis andrewesi, A. myrmex, A. ovicollis, Craspedophorus maharashtraensis, C. microspilotus, C. halyi and C. lankaensis) are endemics to the Western Ghats and Sri Lanka Hotspot of biodiversity and two species, (Craspedophorus sikkimensis, Craspedophorus incostatus) endemics to Himalaya hotspot of biodiversity.  Remaining 11 Indian subcontinent endemic species of subfamily Panagaeinae have a wide range distribution across India. Seven species (Ardistomopsis andrewesi, A. myrmex, A. ovicollis, Craspedophorus maharashtraensis, C. microspilotus, C. halyi and C. lankaensis) recorded only from the Western Ghats and Sri Lanka are likely to be representative of the Gondwana remnants that got isolated in Indian subcontinent following the separation of the subcontinent.

Present study provides the distribution patterns and literature details of 45 Dryptinae and 33 Panagaeinae species reported from the Indian subcontinent.  Primary aim of the present effort was to prepare a checklist with regional distribution patterns and reference details which will make it easier for taxonomists and will lead to more taxomonic works across the Indian subcontinent.  Distribution records show poor representation of both the groups from Central and north western regions of the Indian subcontinent indicating the need for further taxonomic explorations.  Additionally, our analysis revealed the presence of a large number of species endemic to the Indian mainland, local endemics (endemic to the hotspots of biodiveristy in India: the Western Ghats & Sri Lanka hotspot of biodiversity, the Indo Burma hotspot of biodiversity and the Himalaya hotspot of biodiversity), species confined to the PAR or ORR regions of Indian mainland and a few ancient species with possible Gondwana linkages which will attract the attention of evolutionary and conservation biologists also to these two lesser known subfamilies.

 

 

Table 1. Geographic distribution pattern of the Dryptinae and Panagaeinae species recorded from India.

 

Species

Region

Subfamily Dryptinae

I.

Tribe Dryptiini Bonelli, 1810

 

 

Drypta Latreille, 1796

 

1.

Drypta aenipes Wiedemann, 1823

Oriental

2.

Drypta aetheria Andrewes, 1936

Oriental

3.

Drypta argillacea Andrewes, 1924

Oriental, Palearctic

4.

Drypta cyanopus Andrewes, 1936

Oriental

5.

Drypta crassiuscula Chaudoir, 1861

Palearctic

6.

Drypta flavipes Wiedemann, 1823

Oriental, Palearctic

7.

Drypta lineola Macleay, 1825

Oriental

8.

Drypta longicollis Macleay, 1825

Oriental

9.

Drypta siderea Bates, 1892

Oriental, Palearctic

 

Dendrocellus Schmidt Geobel, 1846

 

10.

Dendrocellus coelestinus (Klug, 1834)

Oriental, Palearctic

11.

Dendrocellus confusus (Hansen, 1968)

Oriental, Palearctic

12.

Dendrocellus geniculatus (Klug, 1834)

Oriental, Palearctic, Indo- Australian

13.

Dendrocellus inexpectus Liang & Kavanaugh, 2007

Oriental

14.

Dendrocellus nepalensis (Hope, 1831)

Oriental, Palearctic

15.

Dendrocellus rugicollis Chaudoir, 1861

Oriental, Palearctic

16.

Dendrocellus unidentatus (Macleay, 1825)

Oriental, Palearctic

II.

Tribe Zuphini Bonelli, 1810

 

 

Paraleleupidia Basilewsky, 1951

 

17.

Paraleleupidia linearis Baehr, 1990

Oriental

18.

Paraleleupidia loebli Mateu, 1981

Oriental

19.

Paraleleupidia besucheti Mateu, 1981

Oriental

 

Gunvorita Landin, 1955

 

20.

Gunvorita besucheti Baehr, 1998

Oriental

21.

Gunvorita depressipennis Baehr, 1998

Oriental

22.

Gunvorita elegans Landin, 1955

Oriental, Palearctic

23.

Gunvorita indica Darlington, 1968

Oriental

24.

Gunvorita inermis Baehr, 1998

Oriental

25.

Gunvorita laeviceps Baehr, 1998

Oriental

26.

Gunvorita minor Baehr, 1998

Oriental

27.

Gunvorita ovaliceps Baehr, 1998

Oriental

 

Agastus Schmidt-Goebel, 1846

 

28.

Agastus lineatus Schmidt-Goebel, 1846

Oriental, Palearctic, Indo-Australian

 

Zuphium Latreille, 1806

 

29.

Zuphium dabreui Andrewes, 1922

Oriental

30.

Zuphium erebeum Andrewes, 1923

Oriental

31.

Zuphium erythrocephalum Chaudoir, 1862

Oriental

32.

Zuphium indicum Andrewes, 1922

Oriental

33.

Zuphium modestum Schmidt-Goebel, 1846

Oriental

34.

Zuphium olens (Rossi, 1790)

Oriental, Palearctic

 

Metazuphium Mateu, 1992

 

35.

Metazuphium spinangulus Mateu, 1992

Oriental

 

Parazuphium Jeannel, 1942

 

36.

Parazuphium inconspicuum (Schmidt-Goebel, 1846)

Oriental, Indo-Australian

 

Planetes Macleay, 1825

 

37.

Planetes bimaculatus Macleay, 1825

Oriental, Palearctic

38.

Planetes indicus Andrewes, 1922

Oriental

39.

Planetes ruficeps Schaum, 1863

Oriental, Palearctic

40.

Planetes ruficollis (Nietner, 1857)

Oriental

41.

Planetes simplex Bates, 1886

Oriental

III.

Tribe Galeritini Leconte, 1853

 

 

Galerita Fabricius, 1801

 

42.

Galerita batesi Andrewes, 1923

Oriental

43.

Galerita indica Chaudoir, 1861

Oriental

44.

Galerita orientalis Schmidt-Goebel, 1846

Oriental, Palearctic

45.

Galerita ruficeps Chaudoir, 1861

Palearctic

Subfamily Panagaeinae

I.

Tribe Peliciini Chaudoir, 1880

 

 

Ardistomopsis Straneo & Ball, 1989

 

1.

Ardistomopsis andrewesi Straneo & Ball, 1989

Oriental

2.

Ardistomopsis batesi Straneo & Ball, 1989

Oriental

3.

Ardistomopsis marginicollis (Schaum, 1864)

Oriental

4.

Ardistomopsis myrmex (Andrewes, 1923)

Oriental

5.

Ardistomopsis ovicollis (Bates, 1886)

Oriental

II.

Tribe Panagaeini Bonelli, 1810

 

 

Craspedophorus Hope, 1838

 

6.

Craspedophorus angulatus (Fabricius, 1781)

Oriental

7.

Craspedophorus bifasciatus (Castelnau, 1835)

Oriental

8.

Craspedophorus geniculatus (Wiedemann, 1823)

Oriental

9.

Craspedophorus gracilipes (Bates, 1892)

Oriental, Palearctic

10.

Craspedophorus hexagonus (Chaudoir, 1861)

Oriental, Palearctic

11.

Craspedophorus hilaris (Laferte-Senectere, 1851)

Oriental

12.

Craspedophorus incostatus Kirschenofer, 2000

Palearctic

13.

Craspedophorus mandarinellus (Bates, 1892)

Oriental, Palearctic

14.

Craspedophorus pubiger (Chaudoir, 1861)

Oriental

15.

Craspedophorus assamensis Hackel & Kirschenhofer, 2014

Oriental

16.

Craspedophorus sikkimensis Hackel & Kirschenhofer, 2014

Palearctic

17.

Craspedophorus maharashtraensis Kirschenhofer, 2011

Oriental

18.

Craspedophorus cereus (Macleay, 1825)

Oriental, Palearctic, Indo-Australian

19.

Craspedophorus bisemilunatis (Xie & Yu, 1991)

Palearctic

20.

Craspedophorus microspilotus Andrewes, 1924

Oriental

21.

Craspedophorus halyi Andrewes 1923

Oriental

22.

Craspedophorus lankaensis Hackel & Kirchenhofer, 2014

Oriental

 

Adischissus Fedorenko, 2015

 

23.

Adischissus notulatus (Fabricius, 1801)

Oriental, Palearctic

24.

Adischissus quadrinotatus (Motchulsky, 1865)

Oriental, Palearctic

 

Microcosmodes Strand, 1936

 

25.

Microcosmodes flavopilosus (Laferte-Senectere, 1851)

Oriental, Palearctic

26.

Microcosmodes elegans (Dejean, 1826)

Oriental, Palearctic

 

Euschizomerus Chaudoir, 1850

 

27.

Euschizomerus aeneus Chaudoir, 1869

Oriental

28.

Euschizomerus denticollis (Kollar, 1836)

Oriental

29.

Euschizomerus devagiriensis Jithmon & Sabu, 2018

Oriental

30.

Euschizomerus indicus Jedlicka, 1956

Oriental

31.

Euschizomerus metallicus Harold, 1879

Oriental

 

Trichisia Motschulsky, 1864

 

32.

Trichisia morio (Laferte-Senectere, 1851)

Oriental, Palearctic

33.

Trichisia violacea Jedlicka, 1935

Oriental, Palearctic, Indo-Australian

 

 

For figure & images - - click here

 

 

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