Notes on the genera Asterolibertiaand Cirsosia (Fungi: Ascomycota)
V.B. Hosagoudar
Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Palode
Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695562, India
Email:
vbhosagoudar@rediffmail.com
Date of publication
(online): 26 August 2010
Date of publication
(print): 26 August 2010
ISSN 0974-7907 (online) |
0974-7893 (print)
Editor: Richard Mibey
Manuscript details:
Ms # o2465
Received 24 May 2010
Finally accepted 06 July
2010
Citation: Hosagoudar, V.B (2010). Notes on the genera Asterolibertia and Cirsosia (Fungi: Ascomycota). Journal of Threatened Taxa 2(9): 1153-1157.
Copyright: © V.B. Hosagoudar 2010. Creative Commons
Attribution 3.0 Unported License. JoTT allows unrestricted use of this article
in any medium for non-profit purposes, reproduction and distribution by
providing adequate credit to the authors and the source of publication.
Acknowledgements: I thank the Director, Tropical Botanic Garden and
Research Institute, Palode for the facilities.
For figures & table – click here
The
ascomycetous genera having orbicular thyriothecium with central stellate dehiscence
at the centre are classified under the family Asterinaceae, while, the genera
having oval to elongated thyriothecium dehisce all along at the centre are
classified under the family Lembosiaceae. Both these families are grouped under the order Asterinales. These fungi are characterized by having brown
superficial hyphae, possessing appressoria or nutritive hyphae. Fruiting body is of thyriothecium, scutate
with radiating cells on the upper surface.
Some of the genera possess lateral appressoria while a few have in the hyphal cells (intercalary). Asterinaceous fungi having intercalary appressoria belong to two genera: Asterolibertia (Asterinaceae) and Cirsosia (Lembosiaceae); the former genus having orbicular thyriothecia dehiscing stellately at the centre and the latter genus having oval or elongated thyriothecia dehiscing longitudinally at the centre (Arx & Muller 1975; Hosagoudar et al. 2001). Stevens & Ryan (1939) have provided a check list of the genera and species but enough changes have been taken place in the study of this group of fungi since there no monographic work of this group. Hosagoudar & Abraham (2000) have listed the number of taxa belonging to the genus Asterina, Song et al. (2003) have listed the till then known species of the genus Lembosia and Goos (1999) for Echidnodella. The present account is also in the same line to help in the identification of the fungi belonging to these two genera.
The Genus Asterolibertia(Fig. 1).
Asterolibertia Arn.,
Les Asterinees, 1: 161, 1918; Hansf., Mycol. Pap. 15: 189, 1946; Muller &
Arx, Beitr. Krypt. Schw. 11: 97, 1962; Luttrell in Ainsworth et al. (eds.). The
Fungi. An advanced Treatise 4: 207, 1973; Arx & Muller, Stud. Mycol. 9: 43,
1975; Bilgrami, Jamaluddin & Rizwi, Fungi of India p. 54, 1991; Hosag.,
Abraham & C.K. Biju, J. Mycopathol. Res. 39: 61, 2001; Singh, Duke,
Bhandari & Jain, J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 30: 185, 2008.
SteyaertiaBat. & Maia, Univ. Recife, Inst. Mycol. Publ. 295: 5, 1960.
WardinaArn., Les Asterinees 1:165, 1918.
Leaf
parasites. Mycelium ectophytic,
appressoria intercalary, setae absent. Thyriothecia orbicular with radiating cells, astomatous, dehisce
stellately at the center; asci globose, octosporous, bitunicate; ascospores
conglobate, uniseptate, brown.
Type sp.: A. couepiae (Henn.) Arn.
Enumeration of the species
Host: Anacardiaceae
Asterolibertia
hydnocarpi Hosag. & Abraham, J. Mycopathol. Res. 35:
55, 1997.
On leaves of Hydnocarpus macrocarpus,H. pentandra, India.
Asterolibertia
mangiferae Hansf. & Thirum., Farlowia 3: 303, 1948.
On leaves of Mangifera indica, India
Asterolibertia
nothopegiae Hosag. & Abraham, New Botanist 24: 109,
1997.
On leaves of Nothopegia aureo-fulva ,India.
Host: Annonaceae
Asterolibertia
nodulosa (Cooke) Hansf., Proc. Linn. Soc. London 160:
140, 1948.
Asterina nodulosa Speg.,
Fungi Puigg. No. 353 in Biol. Acad. Sci. Cordoba 11: 563, 1889.
On leaves of Guatteriae dolichopoda, Costa Rica.
Host: Bignoniaceae
Asterolibertia
peruviana Hansf., Sydowia 9: 81, 1955.
On
leaves of Bignoniaceae member, Peru.
Host: Burseraceae
Asterolibertia santiriae (Sydow) Hansf.,
Reinwardtia 3: 126, 1954.
Asterinella santiriae Sydow,
Ann. Mycol. 15: 248, 1917.
Prillieuxina santiriae (Sydow) Ryan in Stev. & Ryan, Illinois
Biol. Monographs 17: 80, 1913.
On leaves of Santiria nitida, Philippines.
Host: Chrysobalanaceae
Asterolibertia
licaniae (Cooke) Hansf., Proc. Linn. Soc., London 160:
140, 1949.
Asterina licaniae Cooke, Grevillea 12: 85 1884.
On leaves of Licania sp., Brazil.
Asterolibertia
licaniicola Hansf., Proc. Linn. Soc.London 160: 140, 1949.
On leaves of Licania sp., Brazil.
Asterolibertia
schroeteri (Rehm) Arx in muller & Arx, Beitr. Krypt.
der Schweiz, p.98, 1962.
Seynesia schroeteri Rehm, Hedwigia 37: 326, 1898.
Asterina schroeteri (Rehm) Theiss., Abh. Zool. Bot. Ges. Wien. 7: 3, 1913.
On leaves of Chrysobalanus sp., South America.
Host: Dipterocarpaceae
Asterolibertia
anisopterae (Sydow) Hansf., Proc. Linn. Soc., London 160:
139, 1949.
Morenoella anisopterae Sydow,
Ann. Mycol. 12: 560, 1914.
Asterina anisopterae Sydow,
Ann. Mycol. 12: 556, 1914.
On leaves of Anisoptera thursifera,Philippines.
Asterolibertia
flabellariae (Sydow) Hansf., Proc. Linn. Soc., London 158:
44, 19497.
Lembosia flabellariae Sydow, Ann. Mycol. 36: 189, 1938.
On leaves of Flabellaria paniculata, Sierra Leone
Asterolibertia
vateriae Hosag. in Hosag., H. Biju & Appaiah, J.
Mycopathol. Res. 44: 13, 2006.
On
leaves of Vateria indica, India.
Host: Fabaceae
Asterolibertia
spatholobi Hansf., Reinwardtia, 3: 127, 1954.
On leaves of Spatholobus ferrugineus,Java.
Host: Lauraceae
Asterolibertia cryptocaryae(Cooke) Hansf., Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W. 79: 106, 1954.
Asterins cryptocaryae Cooke
in Herb., Kew.
Asterinella cryptocaryae (Cooke)
Theiss., Broteria 10: 107, 1912.
Prillieuxina cryptocaryae (Cooke) Ryan in Stev & Ryan, Illinois Biol.
Monographs 17: 79, 1939.
On leaves of Cryptocaryae sp., Australia.
Asterolibertia cryptocaryae(Cooke) Hansf. var nodulifera Hansf., Proc. Linn. Soc.
N.S.W. 79: 106, 1954.
On leaves of Cryptocarya rigida, Australia.
Host: Malphigiaceae
Asterolibertia
ulei Hansf., Proc. Linn. Soc. London 16: 142, 1949.
On
leaves of Malphigiaceae member, Brazil.
Asteroliberta
couepiae (Henn.) Arn., Les Asterinees 1: 165, 1918.
Asterina couepia Henn.,
Hedwigia, 34: 104, 1895.
Steyaertia couepiae Bat. & Maia, Univ. Recife, Inst. Micol. Publ. 295: 5, 1960.
On leaves of Couepia ovalifolia, C. rufa, Brazil.
Host: Myrtaceae
Asterolibertia
crustacea (Ell. & Ev.) Hansf., Sydowia 9: 80, 1955.
Asterella crustacea Ell.
& Ev., Publ. Field. Mus., Columbia Bot. 2: 15, 1900.
Asterina crustacea (Ell. & Ev.) Sacc. & Trott., Syll. Fung. 22: 539, 1913.
On leaves of Psidium guajava, San Domingo.
Host: Poaceae
Asterolibertia
sporoboli Castellani & Graniti in Graniti, Nuovo G.
Bot. Ital. 57: 50, 1950.
On leaves of Sporobolus ruspolanus, British Somaliland.
Host: Polygalaceae
Asterolibertia
bredemeyerae (Rehm) Arx in Muller & Arx, Beitr. Krypt.
der Schweiz, p.98, 1962.
Asterina bredemeyerae Rehm, Hedwigia 40: 161, 1901.
Asterinella bredemeyerae Orejuela,
Mycologia 36: 443, 1944.
On
leaves of Bredemeyera spp.,
South America
Host: Rosaceae
Aserolibertia
parinarii (Sydow) Hansf., Proc. Linn. Soc. London 159:
36, 1947.
Asterina parinari Sydow, Ann. Mycol. 36: 180, 1938.
On leaves of Parinarium excelsum, Sierra Leone, Africa.
Host: Rubiaceae
Asterolibertia
burchelliae (Doidge) Doidge, Bothalia 4: 315, 1942.
Asterinella burchelliae Doidge, Trans. Royal Soc. South Africa 8: 267,
1920.
Prillieuxina burchelliae (Doidge) Ryan in Stev. & Ryan, Illinois
Biol. Monograph 17: 77, 1939.
On leaves of Burchellia capensis, Terenna pavettoides, Rubiaceae.
Asterolibertia
gibbosa (Gaill.) Hansf., Proc. Linn. Soc. London 160:
141, 1948.
Asterina gibbosa Gaill., Bull. Soc. Mycol. France 13: 180, 1897.
On leaves of Bananacantha spinosa, Randia sp., Brazil.
Asterolibertia
megathyria Doidge, Bothalia 4: 314, 1942.
Asterina gibbosa Gaill. var. megathyria Doidge, Trans. Royal. Soc. South Africa 8: 248, 1920.
Asterinella ugandensisHansf., Proc. Linn. Soc. London 153: 48, 1941
On leaves of Tricalysia spp., South Africa.
Asterolibertia
randiae (Doidge) Arx in Muller and Arx, Beitr. Krypt.
der Schweiz. p.99, 1962.
Asterolibertia megathyria Doidge var. randiae Doidge, Bothalia 4: 315, 1942.
On leaves of Randia dumetorum, Canthium spp., South Africa
Host: Styracaceae
Asterolibertia
hiiranensis Yamamoto, Sci. Rep. Hyogo. Univ. Agric., Agric.
Biol. Ser. 3: 29, 1957.
Asterina hiiranensis Yamamoto., Sci. Rep. Hyogo. Univ. Agric., Agric. Biol. Ser. 2: 35, 1956.
On
leaves of Styrax hayataiana, Formosa,
Taiwan.
Doubtful species
Asterolibertia
inaemelis (Mont.) Arn., Ann.Sci.Nat.Bot.Ser.Sev.10, 7:
721, 1925.
This
is known on the members of three host families (Muller & Arx, 1962).
Asterolibertia
myocoproides (Sacc.& Bercl.) Arx in Muller and Arx,
Beitr. Krypt. der. Schweiz, p.100, 1962.
This
is known on the members of two host families (Muller & Arx, 1962).
Asterolibertia
thaxteri Hansf.,
Sydowia 11: 63, 1957.
Known
on unknown host.
The genus Cirsosia (Fig.
2)
CirsosiaArn., Ann. Ecol. Nat. Agric. Montpellier 16: 127,1918; Hansf.,
Mycol. Pap. 15: 189, 1946; Muller & Arx, Beitr. Krypt. der. Schweiz.
11:113, 1962; Luttrell in Ainsworth et al. (eds.). The Fungi. An advanced
Treatise 4: 207, 1973; Arx & Muller, Stud. Mycol. 9: 44, 1975; Hosag.,
Abraham & C.K. Biju, J. Mycopathol. Res. 39: 62, 2001; Singh, Duke,
Bhandari & Jain, J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 30: 186, 2008.
CirsosiellaArn., Les Asterinees 1:127, 1918.
HalbaniaArn., Les Asterinees 1: 163, 1918.
Leaf
parasites. Mycelium ectophytic, appressoria intercalary. Thyriothecia oval,
ellipsoidal, X or Y shaped, elongated with radiating cells, astomatous, dehisce
longitudinally at the center; asci oval, octosporous, bitunicate; ascospores
brown, conglobate, uniseptate.
Type sp.: C. manaosensis (Henn.) Arn.
Enumeration of the species
Host: Arecaceae
Cirsosia
arecacearum Hosag. & Pillai, Mycol. Res. 98:128, 1994.
On leaves of Calamus thwaitesii, India
Cirsosia
globuliferae (Pat.) Arn. in Muller & Arx, Beitr. Krypt.
der Schweiz, p.114. 1962.
Lembosia globuliferae Pat., J. Bot. p.65, 1890.
Asterina globuliferae(Pat.) Theiss., Abh. Zool. Bot. Ges. Wein 7: 56, 1913.
Cirsosiella globuliferae(Pat.) Arn., Les Asterinees 1: 128, 1916.
Asterina bakeri Sydow,
Ann. Mycol. 14: 367, 1916.
Asterolibertia bakeri (Sydow)
Hansf., Proc. Linn. Soc. London 160: 139, 1948.
On leaves of Calamus sp., Asia.
Cirsosia
transversalis (Sydow) Bat. & Maia, Rev. Biol. 2: 128,
1960.
Asterina transversalis Sydow,
Leafl. Philippine Bot. 62: 1542, 1911.
Morenoella transversalis (Sydow) Theiss Ann. Mycol. 11: 457, 1913.
Cirsosiella transversalis (Sydow) Arn., Les Asterinees 1: 128, 1918.
On leaves of Calamus sp., Philippines.
Host: Dipterocarpaceae
Cirsosia
irregularis (Sydow) Arx in Muller & Arx, Beitr. Krypt.
der Schweiz 115, 1962.
Asterina irregularisSydow, Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 62: 1540, 1911.
Morenoella irregularis(Sydow) Theiss., Ann. Mycol.11: 458, 1913.
Cirsosiella irregularis(Sydow) Arn., Les Asterinees 1: 128, 1918.
Halbanina irregularis(Sydow) Hansf., Reinwardtia 3: 119, 1954.
On leaves of Vatica obtusifolia, Philippines
Host: Malphigiaceae
Cirsosia
manaosensis (Henn.) Arn., Les. Asterinees 1: 27, 1918.
Lembosia manaosensis Henn., Hedwigia 43: 265, 1904.
On leaves of Clonodia verrucosa, Brazil.
References
Arx, J.A.V. & E. Muller (1975). A Re-evaluation of the Bitunicate Ascomycetes with key to the Families and Genera. Stud. Mycol. 9: 1-159.
Hosagoudar, V.B. & T.K. Abraham (2000). A list of Asterina Lev. species based on the literature. Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany 24: 557-587.
Hosagoudar, V.B., T.K. Abraham & C.K. Biju (2001). Re-evaluation of the family Asterinaceae. Journal of Mycopathol. Research 39: 61-63.
Song, B. & V.B. Hosagoudar (2003). A list of Lembosia species based on the literature. Guizhou Science21: 93-101.
Goos, R.D. (1999).Notes on the genus Echidnodella(Asterinaceae). Mycotaxon 73: 455-454.
Stevens, F.L. & M.H. Ryan (1939). The Microthyriaceae. Illinois Biological Monograph 17: 1-138.