Journal of Threatened Taxa |
www.threatenedtaxa.org | 26 April 2020 | 12(5): 15671–15674
ISSN 0974-7907 (Online) | ISSN 0974-7893
(Print)
doi: https://doi.org/10.11609/jott.5137.12.5.15671-15674
#5137 | Received 31 May 2019 | Final received
03 April 2020 | Finally accepted 09 April 2020
Meliola elaeocarpicola sp. nov.
(Ascomycetes, Meliolales) from Malabar Wildlife
Sanctuary in Kerala State, India
Lini K. Mathew 1 & Jacob Thomas 2
1 P.G. &
Research Department of Botany, St. Thomas College, Kozhencherry,
Kerala 689641, India.
2 P.G.
& Research Department of Botany, Mar Thoma
College, Thiruvalla, Kerala 689103, India.
1 linikmathew1985@gmail.com
(corresponding author), 2 jacobnthomas@gmail.com
Editor: K.R. Sridhar,
Mangalore University, Mangalagangotri, India. Date of
publication: 26 April 2020 (online & print)
Citation: Mathew, L.K. & J. Thomas (2020). Meliola elaeocarpicola sp. nov. (Ascomycetes, Meliolales) from Malabar Wildlife Sanctuary in Kerala
State, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa 12(5): 15671–15674. https://doi.org/10.11609/jott.5137.12.5.15671-15674
Copyright: © Mathew & Thomas 2020. Creative
Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
JoTT allows unrestricted use, reproduction,
and distribution of this article in any medium by providing adequate credit to
the author(s) and the source of publication.
Funding: KSCSTE, Govt. of Kerala.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
Acknowledgements: We thank are due to Dr. Icy
John, Principal, Mar Thoma College, Thiruvalla for providing facilities and KSCSTE, Government
of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram for financial support to conduct the research.
A huge number of meliolaceous
fungi were reported from India and there was a requirement for the
consolidation of this group and Hosagoudar (1996)
published a monograph for India by including six genera and 378 species. The enthusiastic work on this group continued
in Kerala. Hosagoudar
& Abraham (1996a, b), Hosagoudar et al. (1997), Hosagoudar & Abraham (1998 a,b,c,d,e),
Hosagoudar et al. (1998 a,b,c,d,e,f;
1999a,b), Goos & Hosagoudar
(1998), Hoasgoudar & Jacob Thomas (2013) contributed
to Meliolales of Kerala and other southern parts of
India; Hosagoudar (2008, 2013) for Meliolales of India and Hosagoudar
& Agarwal (2008), for the world monograph are the subsequent works. This study describes a new species that
belongs to the genus Meliola from Kerala State.
Materials and Methods
Infected leaves of Elaeocarpus
sp. (Elaeocarpaceae) were collected and
field notes were prepared regarding their nature of colonies, infection and the
collection locality. For each
collection, a separate field number was given.
In the field, each infected plant part was collected separately in
polythene bags along with the host twig (preferably with the reproductive
parts, to facilitate the identity of the corresponding host). These infected plant parts were pressed
neatly and dried between blotting papers.
After ensuring their dryness, they were used for microscopic study. Scrapes were taken directly from the infected
host and mounted in 10% KOH solution.
After 30 mins, KOH was replaced by Lactophenol. Both the mountants
performed well as clearing agents and made the septa visible for taking
measurements. To study the entire colony
in its natural condition, a drop of high quality natural colored
or transparent nail polish was applied to the selected colonies and carefully
thinned with the help of a fine brush without disturbing the colonies. Colonies with hyper parasites showing a
woolly nature were avoided. The treated
colonies along with their host plants were kept in a dust free chamber for half
an hour.
When the nail polish on the colonies dried fully, a
thin, colorless or slightly apple rose colored (depending upon the colour tint in the nail polish)
film or flip was formed with the colonies firmly embedded in it. In case of soft host parts, the flip was
lifted off with a slight pressure on the opposite side of the leaves and just
below the colonies. In case of hard host
parts, the flip was eased off with the help of a razor or scalpel. A drop of dibutyl phthalate polystyrene
xylene (DPX) was spread on a clean slide and the flip was spread properly on
it. One or two more drops of DPX were
added additionally on the flip and a clean cover glass was placed over it. By gently pressing on the cover glass, the
excessive amount of DPX was removed after drying. Care was taken to avoid air bubbles.
These slides were labeled
and placed in a dust free chamber for one to two days for drying. These permanent slides were then used for
further studies. For innate fungi,
sections were made and stained in cotton blue.
After the study of each collection, part of the material was retained in
the regional herbarium, Mar Thoma College Herbarium, Thiruvalla (MTCHT).
Meliola elaeocarpicola sp. nov. Lini
K. Mathew (Figure 1, Image 1)
MycoBank # 835348
Colonies epiphyllous, dense, up to 5mm in diameter,
rarely confluent. Hyphae straight to flexuous, branching alternate to
opposite at acute to wide angles, loosely to closely reticulate, cells 13–20 x
3–6.6 µm. Appressoria alternate to
opposite, antrorse to subantrorse to retrorse, spreading, straight to curved, 10–20 µm long;
stalk cells cylindrical to cuneate, 3–5 µm long; head cells ovate, rarely
globose, entire, 9–15 x 9–12 µm.
Phialides mixed with appressoria, alternate to opposite, ampulliform,
13–20 x 6.6–10 µm. Mycelial setae
scattered to grouped around the perithecia, simple, straight, acute, up to
650µm long. Perithecia scattered, up to
180µm in diameter; ascospores oblong to cylindrical, 4-septate, constricted at
the septa, 33–40 x 13–17 µm.
On leaves of Elaeocarpus
sp. (Elaeocarpaceae), Peruvannamuzhy,
Malabar Wildlife Sanctuary, Calicut, Kerala, December, 26, 2014, MTCHT 106
(Type), TBGT 6999 (Isotype), collected by Lini K.
Mathew.
Appendiculella elaeocarpicola Hosag. & Robin, J., Asteridiella
elaeocarpi-tuberculati Hosag.,
A. elaeocarpicola Hansf. and Meliola elaeocarpi Yates
are known on this host genus (Yates 1917; Hansford
1961; Hosagoudar 1996, 2008, 2013; Hosagoudar et al. 1997; Hosagoudar
& Agarwal 2008). Meliola elaeocarpicola differs from Appendiculella
elaeocarpicola in the absence of perithecial
appendages and flattened-globose perithecia.
It differs from Asteridiellaela elaeocarpicola Hansf., A. elaeocarpi-tuberculati Hosag.
in absence of perethecial wall cells and presence of
mycelial setae (Hansford 1961; Hosagoudar
1996, 2008, 2013; Hosagoudar & Goos 1989; Hosagoudar &
Agarwal 2008; Hosagoudar & Thomas 2013). Meliola elaeocarpi Yates was the only Meliola
species on the host genus which was reported in 1917 from Philippines. The current species differs from Meliola elaeocarpi Yates
in the presence of alternate and opposite appressora
and comparatively smaller ascospores, whereas Meliola
elaeocarpi Yates has only opposite appressoria
and larger ascospores.
Etymology: The specific epithet is based on the host genus.
Comparative account
Name |
Beeli formula |
Distinguishing characters |
||||
Colonies |
Mycelial |
Mycelial setae |
Appressoria |
Spore |
||
M. elaeocarpicola sp. nov. |
3113.3223 |
Epiphyllous |
Hyphae
straight to flexuous, |
simple, straight, acute, up to 650µm long |
alternate to opposite,; head cells ovate, rarely
globose, entire, 9–15 x 9–12 µm |
oblong to cylindrical, 33–40 x 13–17 µm. |
M. elaeocarpi |
3112.4221 Philippines |
amphigenous |
Straight |
simple, acute, obtuse up to 300µm long |
Opposite, subglobose to
ovoid |
Subellipsoid, obtuse, 44– 50 x 18 µm |
For
figure & image - - click here
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