Meliolaceae of Kerala, India - XXXI new species and a new variety

 

V.B. Hosagoudar 1 & G.R. Archana 2

 

1,2Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Palode, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695562, India

Email:1 vbhosagoudar@rediffmail.com

 

 

 

Date of publication (online): 26 May 2010

Date of publication (print): 26 May 2010

ISSN 0974-7907 (online) | 0974-7893 (print)

 

Editor: Richard Mibey

 

Manuscript details:

Ms # o2059

Received 13 September 2008

Final received 10 October 2009

Finally accepted 23 February 2010

 

Citation: Hosagoudar, V.B. & G.R. Archana (2010). Meliolaceae of Kerala, India - XXXI new species and a new variety . Journal of Threatened Taxa 2(5): 889-891.

 

Copyright: © V.B. Hosagoudar & G.R. Archana 2010. Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. JoTT allows unrestricted use of this article in any medium for non-profit purposes, reproduction and distribution by providing adequate credit to the authors and the source of publication.

 

Acknowledgement: We thank Dr. S. Ganeshan, Director, Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Palode, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala for the facilities. We are grateful to Forest Department, Govt. of Kerala for the forest permission.

 

 

 

For Figures - - click here

 

 

Asteridiella ixorae sp. nov.

(Fig. 1)

 

Material examined

27.ix.2006, on leaves of Ixora sp. (Rubiaceae), Palode forest area, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India, coll. V.B. Hosagoudar et al. HCIO 48165 (type) TBGT 2901 (isotype), (MycoBank # 518398 )

Coloniae amphigenae, subdensae, ad 2mm diam., confluentes. Hyphae rectae vel subrectae, opposite acuteque vel laxe ramosae, laxe vel arte reticulatae, cellulae 12-30 x 4-8 µm.  Appressoria alternata, unilateralis, 1% opposita, antrorsa vel subantrorsa, recta, 12-22 µm longa; cellulae basilares cylindraceae vel cuneatae, 3-10 µm longae; cellulae apicales ovatae, oblongae, globosae, integrae vel leniter angularis, 8-13 x 8-11 µm.  Phialides appressoriis intermixtae, oppositae vel alternatae, ampulliformes, 12-22 x 6-8 µm.  Perithecia dispersa, globosa, ad 145 µm; cellulae  peritheciales mammiformes, ad apicem obtusae, ad 10 µm longae; ascosporae obovoideae, 4-septatae, constrictus ad septatae, 35-42  x 12-18 µm.

Colonies amphigenous, subdense, up to 2mm in diameter, confluent.  Hyphae straight to substraight, branching opposite at acute to wide angles, loosely to closely reticulate, cells 12-30 x 4-8 µm.  Appressoria alternate, unilateral, 1% opposite, antrorse to subantrorse, straight, 12-22 µm long; stalk cells cylindrical to cuneate, 3-10 µm long; head cells ovate, oblong, globose, entire to slightly angular, 8-13 x 8-11 µm.  Phialides mixed with appressoria, opposite to alternate, ampulliform, 12-22 x 6-8 µm.  Perithecia scattered, globose, up to 145µm in diameter; perithecial cells mammiform, obtuse at the tip, up to 10µm long; ascospores obovoidal, 4-septate, constricted at the septa, 35-42 x 12-18 µm.

Based on the digital formula 3101.4220, it can be compared with Asteridiella glabra (Berk. & Curt.) Hansf. and Asteridiella uncariicola Hansf.  It differs from the former species in having straight and loosely reticulate hyphae and differs from the latter species in having shorter with only entire head cells of the appressoria (Hansford 1961).

 

 

Irenopsis kleinhoviae sp. nov.

(Fig. 2)

 

Material examined

24.iv.2007, on leaves of Kleinhovia hospita L. (Sterculiaceae), Karimancode, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India, coll. G.R. Archana, HCIO 48166 (type),  TBGT 2902 (isotype), (MycoBank # 518399).

Coloniae amphigenae, subdensae, ad 5mm diam., confluentes.  Hyphae subrectae vel undulatae, opposite, alternate acuteque vel laxe ramosae, laxe vel arte reticulatae, cellulae 16-40 x 4-7 µm.  Appressoria alternata, unilateralis, antrorsa, subantrorsa vel retrorsa, recta vel curvula, 12-23 µm longa; cellulae basilares cylindraceae vel cuneatae, 3-11 µm longae; cellulae apicales globosae, ovatae, oblongae, integrae vel angularis, 8-14 x 8-11 µm. Phialides appressoriis intermixtae, oppositae vel alternatae, ampulliformes, 12-24 x 4-8 µm.  Perithecia globosa, dispersa vel aggregata, ad 130µm diam.; setae peritheciales 4-10 numero, simplices, rectae, pallid brunneae, septatae, ad apicem rectae, uncinatae et obtusae, ad 145 µm longae, parietus glabrus; ascosporae obovoideae, 4-septatae, leniter constrictus ad septatae, 32-43 x 11-18 µm.

Colonies amphigenous, subdense, up to 5mm in diameter, confluent.  Hyphae substraight to undulate, branching opposite, alternate at acute to wide angles, loosely to closely reticulate, cells 16-40 x 4-7 µm. Appressoria alternate, unilateral, antrorse, subantrorse to retrorse, straight to curved, 12-23 µm long; stalk cells cylindrical to cuneate, 3-11 µm long; head cells globose, ovate, oblong, entire to angular, 8-14 x 8-11 µm.  Phialides mixed with appressoria, opposite to alternate, ampulliform, 12-24 x 4-8 µm.  Perithecia globose, scattered to grouped, up to 130µm in diameter; perithecial setae 4-10 in number, simple, straight, pale brown, septate, straight to uncinate at the apical part, obtuse at the tip, up to 145µm long, smooth; ascospores obovoidal, 4-septate, slightly constricted at the septa, 32-43 x 11-18 µm.

Irenopsis buettneriicola Deight. known on Buettneria sp. and Sterculia sphanoghei from Sierra Leone and Java having both straight and uncinate perithecial setae. However, Irenopsis kleinhoviae differs from it in having pale brown, smooth walled perithecial setae and shorter appressoria having entire head cells.

 

 

Meliola ebeni sp. nov.

(Fig. 3)

 

Material examined

10.ix.2006, on leaves of Diospyros ebenum Koenig (Ebenaceae), TBGRI Campus, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India, coll. G.R. Archana et al. HCIO 48167 (type), TBGT 2903 (isotype), (MycoBank # 518400).

Coloniae amphigenae, subdensae, ad 2mm diam., confluentes.  Hyphae subrectae vel anfractuae, opposite vel irregulariter acuteque vel laxe ramosae, laxe vel arte reticulatae, cellulae 12-32 x 4-8 µm.  Appressoria opposita, alternata, unilateralis, antrorsa, subantrorsa vel retrorsa, recta vel curvula, 11-26 µm longa; cellulae basilares cylindraceae vel cuneatae, 3-8 µm longae; cellulae apicales oblongae, ovatae, cylindraceae, globosae, rectae vel varie curvulae, integrae vel angularis, 8-18 x 6-15 µm.  Phialides appressoriis intermixtae, oppositae vel alternatae, ampulliformes, 16-24 x 6-8 µm.  Setae myce­liales simplices, rectae, ad apicem acutae, ad 490µmlongae. Perithecia dispersa vel aggregata, ad 160µm diam.; ascosporae  obovoideae, 4-septatae, leniter constrictus ad septatae, 38-45  x 12-16 µm.

Colonies amphigenous, subdense, up to 2mm in diameter, confluent.  Hyphae substraight to crooked, branching opposite to irregular at acute to wide angles, loosely to closely reticulate, cells 12-32 x 4-8 µm. Appressoria opposite, alternate, unilateral, antrorse, subantrorse to retrorse, straight to curved, 11-26 µm long; stalk cells cylindrical to cuneate, 3-8 µm long; head cells oblong, ovate, cylindrical, globose, straight to variously curved, entire to angular, 8-18 x 6-15 µm.  Phialides mixed with appressoria, opposite to alternate, ampulliform, 16-24 x 6-8 µm.  Mycelial setae, simple, straight, acute at the tip, up to 490µm long.  Perithecia scattered to grouped, up to 160µm in diameter; ascospores obovoidal, 4-septate, slightly constricted at the septa, 38-45 x 12-16 µm.

Crooked mycelium with variously curved appressoria with cylindrical to oblong head cells distinguishes this species from rest of the Meliola species known on the members of the family Ebenaceae (Hansford 1961; Hosagoudar et al. 1997; Hu et al. 1997, 1999; Hosagoudar 2008; Hosagoudar & Agarwal 2008).

 

 

Meliola filicii Hosag.  var. indica var. nov.

(Fig.4)

 

Material examined

20.ii.2007, on leaves of Filicium decipiens (Wight & Arn.) Thw. (Sapindaceae), Ponmudi, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India, coll. G.R. Archana et al. HCIO 48168 (type), TBGT 2904 (isotype), (MycoBank # 518401).

Differt a var. filicii setae myceliales ad apicem denatae vel furcatae.

Colonies hypophyllous, dense, up to 2mm in diameter, confluent.Hyphae straight to substraight, branching opposite alternate at acute to wide angles, loosely to closely reticulate, cells 11-24 x 4-7 µm.  Appressoria opposite alternate, antrorse, subantrorse to retrorse, 8-15 µm long; stalk cells cylindrical to cuneate, 2-6 µm long; head cells ovate, globose, entire to angular, straight to curved, 6-11 x 6-8 µm.  Phialides few, mixed with appressoria, opposite to alternate, ampulliform, 9-16 x 4-7 µm.  Mycelial setae simple, straight, acute, dentate to furcate at the tip, up to 350µm long.  Perithecia scattered to grouped, up to 196µm in diameter; ascospores obovoidal, 4-septate, slightly constricted at the septa, 25-37 x 8-13 µm.

The new variety differs from the variety filicii in having only dentate to furcate apical tip of the mycelial setae (Hosagoudar 1996).

 

 

References

 

Hansford, C.G. (1961). The Meliolaceae. A Monograph. Sydowia Beih 2: 1-806.

Hosagoudar, V.B. (1996). Meliolales of India. Botanical Survey of India, Calcutta, 363pp.

Hosagoudar, V.B., T.K. Abraham & P. Pushpangadan (1997). The Meliolineae - A Supplement. Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Palode, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India, 201pp.

Hosagoudar, V.B. (2008). Meliolales of India. Vol. II. Botanical Survey of India, Kolkota.

Hosagoudar, V.B. & D.K. Agarwal (2008). Taxonomic studies of Meliolales. Identification Manual. International Book Distributors, Dehradun, 263pp.

Hu, Y., Y. Ouyang, S. Bin G. Jiang (1996). Flora Fungorum Sinicorum. Vol. 4. Meliolales (1). Science Press Beijing, 270pp+IVpls.

Hu, Y., S. Bin, Y. Ouyang & G. Jiang (1999).  Flora Fungorum Sinicorum. Vol. 11. Meliolales (2). Science Press Beijing, 252pp.