Journal of Threatened Taxa
| www.threatenedtaxa.org | 26 February 2018 | 10(2): 11332–11338
A taxonomic study on trachypenaeid prawns with special reference to
Indian records
Angsuman Chanda
PG Department of Zoology, Raja N.L. Khan WomenÕs College, Midnapur, Paschim Medinipur,
West Bengal 721102, India
doi: http://doi.org/10.11609/jott.3765.10.2.11332-11338| ZooBank:
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:0F616301-86A9-4C9E-BD75-622E45D463DB
Editor: M. Nithyanandan, Kuwait Institute
for Scientific Research, Safat, Kuwait. Date
of publication: 26 February 2018 (online & print)
Manuscript details: Ms # 3765 |
Received 29 August 2017 | Final received 08 January 2018 | Finally accepted 22
January 2018
Citation: Chanda, A. (2018). A
taxonomic study on trachypenaeid prawns with special
reference to Indian records. Journal of Threatened Taxa 10(2): 11332–11338; http://doi.org/10.11609/jott.3765.10.2.11332-11338
Copyright: © Chanda 2018. Creative Commons Attribution 4.0
International License. JoTT allows
unrestricted use of this article in any medium, reproduction and distribution
by providing adequate credit to the authors and the source of publication.
Funding: There was no funding for the present work.
Competing interests: The author declares no competing
interests.
Acknowledgements:
The author is thankful to the Director of Zoological Survey of India for
awarding a research fellowship during which the study has been done. The author is also thankful to Professor
Tanmay Bhattacharya, Ex-Emeritus Professor of
Zoology, Dept. of Zoology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapur, West Bengal for his
valuable guidance and advice during the preparation of the manuscript.
Abstract: Burkenroad created two subgenera of the genus Trachypenaeus
viz., Trachypenaeus (Trachypenaeus)
and Trachypenaeus (Trachysalambria)
in 1934. These two subgenera were
raised to the status of genus by PŽrez Farfante and Kensley and simultaneously created two new genera for the
group namely Megokris and Rimapenaeus.
As such the trachypenaeid group of penaeid prawns consists of four valid genera namely Trachypenaeus, Trachysalambria,
Megokris and Rimapenaeus. During the present study genus Megokris is being synonymised under its original
genus Trachypenaeus. Therefore, the main objective of the
present study is to propose a revision to the trachypenaeid
group of penaeid prawn and to prepare a comprehensive
document for the group recorded from Indian water. The study area represents genus Trachysalambria and Megokris
with three species under each genus.
Keywords:
Indian water, Megokris,
revision, Rimapenaeus, Trachypenaeus,
Trachysalambria.
Shrimps and prawns of
various kinds have certainly been a source of protein for human consumption
from very early times. Within
historical times reference is made to prawns in ancient Chinese and Japanese
literature (Farfante & Kensley
1997). In Indian literature, the
earliest known penaeid prawn was Penaeus
monodon, described by Fabricius
in 1798. In 1814, the Penaeoidea was recognized as a
taxonomic group by Rafinesque-Schmaltz. Since then, the literature on many
aspects of the systematics and biology of this group has grown enormously
because of their commercial importance.
Genus Penaeus is the actual
mother genus of the present genus under study. Genus Trachypenaeus was established by Alcock
(1901) as a subgenus under genus Penaeus. Further, Alcock
(1905) raised Penaeus (Trachypenaeus) into its generic status. Later, Burkenroad
(1934) divided the genus Trachypenaeus Alcock, 1901 into two subgenera named Trachypenaeus
(Trachypenaeus) and Trachypenaeus
(Trachysalambria). Farfante &
Kensley (1997) revised the genus Trachypenaeus Alcock, 1901
and divided the genus into four genera such as Trachypenaeus
sensu lato,
Trachysalambria Burkenroad, 1934 by
rising the subgenus Trachypenaeus (Trachysalambria) into generic status, Megokris, Farfante
& Kensley, 1997 and Rimapenaeus,
Farfante and Kensley
(1997). After the work of Farfante & Kensley (1997), a
comprehensive taxonomic study on the trachypenaeid
group of prawns from Indian water has not been conducted, though some fragmented
work has been done by some Indian researchers like Radhakrishnan
(2012), but all of them are a checklist or review on existing literature or
zoogeography. Therefore, the main
objectives of the present study are to prepare a comprehensive document and find
out the actual faunal composition of the Trachypenaeid
group of prawns found in Indian water.
Materials and Methods
The present study is
mainly based on the specimens collected by the author from commercial trawler
catch of different fish landing centres throughout the Indian coastline (Fig.
1). In addition to this, penaeid prawns preserved in the National Collection of the
Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, India, Central Marine Fishery Research
Institute, Cochin, Kerala and its regional stations at Mandapam,
Tamil Nadu have been studied.
The materials
preserved in rectified spirit (90%) and body parts of taxonomic importance have
been dissected and studied under a stereoscopic binocular microscope. The illustrations have been drawn with
the aid of line drawings and by camera Lucida. The detailed
synonymies have been furnished to the genera and species and also their
diagnosis, distribution, taxonomic remarks have been
furnished. The genera and
species are arranged alphabetically for convenience. In addition, an attempt has been made to
include a comprehensive coverage of the literature in the reference
section. For all citations of taxon
authorÕs name and year of publication have been given.
Results
Systematics
For the present
study, trachypenaeid prawn refers to those species of
penaeid prawns belonging to the genus Trachypenaeus Alcock,
1901, Trachysalambria Burkenroad,
1934, Megokris Farfante
& Kensley, 1997, and Rimapenaeus
Farfante & Kensley
1997 as they possess close similarity in their morphology and are created from
the same genus Trachypenaeus. In the present study, the author
strongly recommends that due to the similarity between Trachypenaeus
and Megokris, the latter has been considered as a junior synonym of the former
(detail has been described in the discussion part). Therefore, three valid genera namely Trachypenaeus, Trachysalambria
and Rimapenaeus have been considered as
trachypenaeid group of prawns. These
three genera can be separated by the following key:
Key to the Indian genera of trachypenaeid
prawn
1. Anterior thelycal plate on sternite XIII
with a tongue-like caudal extension; distolateral
projection of petasma with laterally directed broad
base and tip directed forward like a hook É........................................................................................
Trachypenaeus Alcock,
1901.
-- Anterior thelycal
plate on sternite XIII without caudal extension, distolateral projection of petasma
directed laterally like a wing ......................................................................
...................................................................... 2
2.
Longitudinal suture of carapace is short, not exceeding epigastric
tooth ......................................................................
Trachysalambria Burkenroad,
1934.
-- Longitudinal
suture of carapace is long, extending beyond the level of epigastric
tooth ...................................................................... Rimapenaeus Farfante
& Kensley 1997
Remarks: Indian water represent six species of this group under two genera—Trachysalambria Burkenroad,
1934 and Trachypenaeus Alcock, 1901.
Genus Trachypenaeus
Alcock, 1901
The
genus Trachypenaeus was originally
created by Alcock (1901) as a subgenus under genus Penaeus. Further,
Alcock (1905) raised the subgenus to the generic rank
and designated it Penaeus anchoralis Bate, 1881 as type of the genus. It was Alcock
(1901) who reported the genus for the first time from Indian water as a
subgenus of genus Penaeus.
Diagnosis of the
genus (Fig. 2):Body covered with thick setae, pubescent; rostrum
short, never extends beyond antennular peduncle;
armed with dorsal teeth only; epigastric tooth
separated from penultimate tooth by a distinct gap. Orbital spine, antennal spine and
hepatic spine prominent; pterygostomian spine and
carina absent; cervical sulcus, hepatic sulcus prominent; postocular,
orbitoantennal sulcus absent; antennal, gastroorbital, gastrofrontal,
hepatic carina absent; hepatic sulcus anterior to hepatic spine; longitudinal
suture and transverse suture present; cicatrix absent on sixth abdominal
somite; antennal flagella shorter than carapace; basial
spine present on first and second pereopod; telson armed with lateral movable spine; petasma symmetrical, semiclosed,
variable in shape; appendix masculina subquadrangular with rounded corners; thelycum
closed, with plate on sternite XIV deeply excavate
anteriorly, median protuberance of the anterior thelycal
plate broadly extend posteriorly.
Remarks: Present study reveals that Trachypenaeus
is represented in India by three species, viz.: T. granulosus
(Haswell, 1879), T. pescadoreensis
(Schmitt, 1931a), and T. sedili (Hall,
1961). These
species can be separated by the following key.
Key to the species found in India
1. Telson armed
with one pair of movable spine, epipod present only
on pereopod third; distolateral
projection of petasma broad, tip curving forward; anterior
plate of thelycum distally rounded ......................................................................
...................................................................... 2
-- Telson
armed with four pairs of movable spine; epipod
present on pereopod first, second and third; distolateral projection of petasma
narrow horn-like, curving laterally; anterior plate of thelycum
distally pointed ......................................................................
T. sedili (Hall,
1961)
2 The anteromedian plate of the thelycum with a prominent longitudinal ridge, ending in a
rounded projection not reaching posterior edge of the thelycum..T.
pescadoreensis (Schmitt,
1931)
-- The anteromedian
plate of the thelycum without a prominent
longitudinal ridge, rather than slightly concave and ending in a rounded
projection almost reaching the posterior edge of the thelycum......................................................................
T. granulosus (Haswell, 1879)
Trachypenaeus granulosus (Haswell, 1879)
The
species T. granulosus was described by Haswell (1879) from Australian water as Penaeus
granulosus. Schmitt (1926) transferred the species to genus Trachypenaeus.
Muthu (1971) recorded the species from
Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh, eastern coast of India for
the first time from Indian water.
Material examined: ZSI. Reg. No. C4949/2, two
males (30–80 mm), 07.viii.1997, Palk Bay, Mandapam,
Tamil Nadu, A. Chanda.
Diagnosis of the
species: Body densely
pubescent; rostrum dorsally armed with 9 to 11+1 teeth, reaching to distal part
of antennular peduncle or a little beyond; hepatic
and cervical sulcus indistinct, longitudinal suture short; abdomen with a small
dorsal tubercle on second segment and a middorsal
carina on the last four somites; telson
armed with a pair of movable lateral spine; epipod
present on third pereopod only; petasma
with very broad distolateral projections, tips
curving forward; distomedian projections small,
curving ventrally. In females, anterior plate of thelycum
flat, rounded distally with a posterior rounded projection which can be very
prominent and is often fused to posterior plate; posterior plate excavated on
either side of median convexity (Racek & Dall 1965).
Remarks: Present
material is in agreement with the description and illustration of Farfante & Kensley (1997)
except that the forwardly curved tip of dorsolateral projection of petasma does not have a tapering end, but is rather blunt
(Fig. 3).
Distribution: Saudi Arabia, Persian Gulf, Pakistan, India (Kakinada,
Andhra Pradesh, Palk Bay, Mandapam, Tamil Nadu,
eastern coast of India), Sri Lanka, Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines, Taiwan,
New Guinea, Australia.
Trachypenaeus pescadoreensis (Schmitt, 1931)
Schmitt (1931)
described the species as Penaeus pescadoreensis from the Straits of Formosa. The species has been
recorded from India by Radhakrishnan et al.
(2012) for the first time.
Material examined: During the present study no
material was collected by the author and diagnosis has been given on the
basis of literature.
Diagnosis of the
species: Body densely
pubescent; rostrum dorsally armed with 9+1 teeth, reaching to distal part of antennular peduncle, tip slightly curved upward; hepatic
and cervical sulcus indistinct, longitudinal suture not prominent; abdomen with
a small dorsal tubercle on second segment and a middorsal
carina from half way of third segment and ended at posterior end of six with a
small spiny tubercle; telson armed with a pair of
movable lateral spine; epipod present on third pereopod only; petasma with very
broad distolateral projections, tips curving forward
and ending in a point; distomedian projections small,
curving ventrally. In females, anterior plate of thelycum
with a prominent longitudinal ridge, ending in a rounded projection, not
reaching the posterior margin of median plate.
Distribution: Persian Gulf, India (southeastern
and southwestern coasts); Malaysia, Singapore, China,
Philippines, Hong Kong, Taiwan.
Trachypenaeus sedili (Hall, 1961)
Hall (1961) described
the species as Trachypenaeus sedili from Malayan water, De
Bruin (1965) recorded it from Sri Lankan water extending the distribution
westward to the Indian Ocean. It
was Thomas (1969), who recorded the species from the Coromandel Coast, east
coast of India for the first time from Indian water.
Material examined: ZSI C4852/2, 3 females (42–55 mm),
05.ix.1995, Mungergudi, Machelipattnam,
Andhra Pradesh, A. Chanda; CMFRI-AR-279, 1 male
(38mm); off Trivandrum (Arabian Sea).
Diagnosis of the species: Body densely pubescent; rostrum armed with 8+1 dorsal
teeth, strongly upcurved in female and straight in
male; longitudinal suture short, hepatic and cervical sulcus indistinguishable;
pterygostomian angle blunt, a small dorsal tubercle
on second segment, a middorsal carina on last four
segments; telson armed with four pairs of movable
spine; first, second and third pereopods with epipod; distolateral projection
of petasma narrow, horn-like and curving laterally;
anterior plate of thelycum distally pointed and
medially concave.
Remarks: Materials collected & examined agreed with
the description of Hall (1961) except in number of dorsal teeth
which are 8+1 as reported by ThomasÕ (1969). George (1969), however, observed 9+1
dorsal teeth in his specimen as observed by Hall (1961). Therefore, the number of dorsal teeth of
rostrum varies from 8-9+1.
Distribution: Mozambique, India (Machalipattnam,
Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh to Trivandram, Kerala),
Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Singapore, Strait of Malacca, Gulf of Thailand, Gulf of
Tonkin, South China Sea.
Genus Trachysalambria Burkenroad,
1934
In 1934, Burkenroad established subgenus Trachysalambria
under genus Trachypeneus Alcock, 1905 with Penaeus
curvirostris Stimpson,
1860 as type species. The subgenus was elevated as a distinct genus Trachysalambria
Burkenroad, 1934, by Farfante
& Kensley (1997). This genus was first
recorded from India by Alcock (1901) as a subgenus of
Penaeus.
Diagnosis of the
genus (Fig. 4): Body densely setose;
rostrum relatively short with dorsal teeth only, extending beyond the base of
second antennular segment but not beyond the third
segment; epigastric tooth distinctly separated from
first rostral tooth; carapace with orbital, antennal and hepatic spines
prominent; pterygostomian angle usually blunt, always
lacking spine; postocular sulcus absent; orbitoantennal sulcus shallow; cervical sulcus weak, short,
moderately long or absent; hepatic sulcus marked or indistinct; branchiocardiac carina extremely weak or lacking;
longitudinal suture short, faint, almost indistinct, ending anterior to hepatic
spine; transverse suture may be short and well- marked or indistinct; abdomen
with sixth somite lacking cicatrix; telson with
1–4, usually 3, pairs of movable lateral spines; antennule lacking parapenaeid spine; antennular
flagella shorter than carapace; basial spine lacking
on third maxilliped, present on first pereopod and usually on second; ischial
spine present or absent on first pereopod; epipod present on first through third pereopods,
on second and third, or on third only; petasma
symmetrical, semiclosed, with lateral lobes produced
distally into usually large, hornlike or winglike
projections, extending either horizontally or curving downward; thelycum closed, with plate on sternite
XIV broad anterior margin bracket shaped ({) anterior sternal plate on sternite XIII like an inverted heart shaped, anterior angle
raised, posterior broad margin divided into two half with a deep cleft, each
half with two short lobules posteriorly.
Remarks: In Indian water only three species viz. T. aspera (Alcock, 1905) and T.
curvirostris (Stimpson,
1860) and T. malaianus (Balss,
1933) are found which can be distinguished by the following
key.
Key to the species
1. Rostrum straight, postrostral
carina low, telson with two pairs of lateral movable
spine ......................................................................T.
aspera (Alcock, 1905)
-- Rostrum upcurved,
postrostral carina high, telson
with three pairs of lateral movable......................................................................2
2. Distolateral
projection of petasma directed laterally slightly
curved downwards, anterior plate of thelycum anteriorly, angular; ......................................................................T.
curvirostris (Stimpson,
1860)
-- Distolateral
projection of petasma straight, directed laterally,
tip of lateral projection slightly curved upward, anterior plate of thelycum anteriorly semicircular .........................................
T. malaianus (Balss, 1933)
Trachysalambria aspera (Alcock, 1905)
Alcock (1905) described the species from Ganjam Coast, India as Trachypeneus
asper. Burkenroad
(1934) created two subgenus viz., Trachypenaeus
(Trachypenaeus) and Trachypenaeus
(Trachysalambria). These subgenera were
raised to the status of genus by Farfante & Kensley (1997).
Materials examined: ZSI C4861/2, five females (80–90 mm),
25.iii.1997, Bhimapattanam, Andhra Pradesh, T. Roy
& party; ZSI
C4796/2, three males and one female (36–65 mm), 26.viii.1995, Pulicot Lake, Andhra Pradesh, A. Chanda;
ZSI 7218-19/9, three females (70–80 mm), ZSI 1680/7, three females
(75–80 mm), ZSI 4054/9, two males (65–70 mm), ZSI 7220/9, two males
(75–80 mm), same locality Ganjam, Odisha, Alcock 1906.
Diagnosis of the
species: Body densely setose;
rostrum straight, not reaching end of second antennular
segment, armed only dorsally by 9+1 teeth; antennular
flagellum shorter than carapace; postrostral carina
low reaching almost posterior border of carapace; a prominent orbital spine;
antennal spine very strong, antennal carina reaching posteriorly to the base of
hepatic spine, hepatic spine small, pterygostomian
angle prominent spine like, hepatic sulcus and cervical sulcus indistinct;
longitudinal and transverse suture small but prominent; dorsal abdominal carina
starts from second segment like a tubercle high and prominent between third to
sixth segment, terminating into a short spine; telson
with a pair of fixed subterminal spine and two
lateral movable spine; basal spine present on first and second pereopod, an ischial spine
present on first pereopod; petasma
closed type, T-shapedÕ, distolateral projection of petasma directed laterally; thelycum
consists of two plates, anterior plate semicircular,
dorsally concave, posterior plate bar shaped.
Remarks: Trachypenaeus asper (Alcock, 1905) is very
similar to Trachypenaeus curvirostris (Stimpson, 1860)
in general appearance. Schmitt
(1926) synonymised former with the latter depending on the rostral
characters. Burkenroad
(1934) described Trachepenaeus (Trachysalambria) curvirostris
(Stimpson, 1860) as type of the sub genus. Farfante and Kensley (1997) raised the subgenus to generic rank and Trachypenaeus asper was
included under the genus Trachysalambria as a
valid species Trachysalambria aspera (Alcock, 1905).
Distribution: Persian gulf, India (Odisha, Andhra
Pradesh, eastern coast of India; Andaman Sea), Indonesia, Philippines.
Trachysalambria curvirostris (Stimpson, 1860)
Stimpson (1860) described the species from Hong Kong as Penaeus curvirostris.
Alcock (1905) recorded it for the first time from the
Indian coast as Trachypeneus curvirostris.
Material examined: 1 male (70 mm) and 1 female (90 mm); ZSI
C4899/2; Veraval sea coast,
Gujarat; 16.xii.1992; H.C. Ghosh & party. 1 male
(90mm) and 1 female (95 mm); ZSI C4856/2; LowsimÕs
Bay Visakhapattanam, Andhra Pradesh; 26.iii.1997; T.
Roy & Party. 1 male (87 mm); CMFRI-AR 278; off Cochin,
Arabian Sea. 4 males (30-50 mm); ZSI C4930/2; Gujarat
Coast; 16.xii.1992; H.C. Ghosh & party.
Diagnosis of the
species: Body densely setose,
pubescent; rostrum armed with 9+1 dorsal teeth, reaching tip of second segement of antennular peduncle,
strongly upcurved; adrostral
carina reaching posteriorly upto first rostral tooth,
adrostral sulcus absent, postrostral
carina not reaching posterior margin of carapace; cervical and hepatic sulci
feeble; longitudinal suture short; transverse suture faint; pterygostomian
angle blunt, abdomen with a small median tubercle on second segment and a high middorsal carina from middle of fourth to sixth segment; telson with three pairs of lateral spines; antennular flagella shorter than carapace and peduncle; distolateral spine of first segment diverging from
longitudinal axis pointing slightly upwards; epipod
present on first three pereopods, a small ischial spine on first pereopod
only; petasma with broad wing like distolateral projections, directed laterally and tip
slightly curved downwards; thelycum closed, anterior
plate concave dorsally and inverted heart shaped, with a median groove
posteriorly anterior margin of posterior plate invaginate
like a bracket shaped groove extending anterolaterally.
Distribution: Eastern Mediterranean, Natal, South Africa to
Tanzania, Red Sea, Madagascar, Yemen to Persian Gulf, India (Odisha, Andhra Pradesh, eastern coast; Veraval,
Gujarat; Cochin, Kerala, western coast and also in Andaman Islands), Sri Lanka,
Malaysia, Indonesia, Gulf of Tonkin, China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Philippines,
Japan, Korea, New Guinea, Australia.
Trachysalambria malaianus (Balss, 1933)
H. Balss (1933) described the species from Malyan
water as subspecies of Trachypenaeus curvirostris Stimpson, 1860. Farfante &
Kensley (1997) included the species under genus Trachysalambria as a valid species. Radhakrishnan
et al. (2012) recorded it for the first time from Indian coast (east) as Trachysalambria fulvus (Dall, 1957).
Materials examined: During the present study no
material was collected by the author and diagnosis has been given on the
basis of literature.
Diagnosis: Body densely setose, pubescent; rostrum armed
with 7 to 8+1 dorsal teeth, reaching tip of second segment of antennular peduncle, usually straight; adrostral
carina reaching posteriorly upto first rostral tooth,
adrostral sulcus absent, postrostral
carina reaching posterior margin of carapace; cervical and hepatic sulci
feeble; longitudinal suture short; transverse suture faint; pterygostomian
angle blunt, abdomen with a small median tubercle on second segment and a high middorsal carina from 1/3 of fourth to sixth segment; telson with three pairs of lateral spines, first pair is
prominent; antennular flagella shorter than carapace
and peduncle; distolateral spine of first segment
diverging from longitudinal axis pointing slightly upwards; epipod
present on third pereopod only, a small ischial spine on first pereopod
is found; petasma with broad wing like distolateral projections, directed laterally and tip
slightly curved upwnwards; thelycum
closed, anterior plate semicircular anteriorly, with
a median short groove posteriorly; anterior margin of posterior plate with a
smooth concave groove extending anteriorly.
Distribution: India (Tamil Nadu, eastern coast), Malaysia,
Indonesia, Philippines, New Guinea, Australia.
Remarks: Though Radhakrishnan
et al. (2012) mentioned the distribution of Trachysalambria
fulvus (Dall, 1957)
from Tamil Nadu, east coast of India but it was Dall
et al. (1990) who synonymised the species with Trachypenaeus
malaianus (Balss,
1933). Later Farfante
& Kensley (1997) kept both the species under
genus Trachysalambria. Farfante &
Kensley (1997) doubted about the validity of species Trachysalambria albicoma
(Hayashi & Toriyama, 1980) and Trachysalambria malaianus
(Balss, 1933), but they did not mention any comments
against Trachysalambria fulvus
(Dall, 1957).
Radhakrishnan et al. (2012) also mentioned
that the taxonomic consultation had been needed for confirmation of the
species. Therefore, from the above
study it may be concluded that the actual valid species will be Trachysalambria malaianus
(Balss, 1933) and T. fulvus
and T. albicoma will be synonym of Trachysalambria malaianus
(Balss, 1933) which also needed confirmation through
type study but it is certain from DallÕs remark that
Trachysalambria fulvus
(Dall, 1957) is the synonym of Trachysalambria
malaianus (Balss,
1933). Hence, in the present study Indian record of the species is treated as Trachysalambria malaianus
(Balss, 1933).
Discussion
The author does not
agree with the four genus classification for the trachypenaeid group of prawns rather, re-establishment of BurkenroadÕs (1934) scheme of classification is being
suggested for the said group of prawns.
Farfante & Kensley
(1997) created the genus Megokris gen. nov. from
Trachypenaeus Alcock,
1901 are very close to BurkenroadÕs subgenus Trachypenaeus (Trachypenaeus)
except for some minor differences in seminal receptacle and distomedian
and distolateral projection of petasma
(Farfante & Kensley
1997). Both the genera possess epipods on the first and second maxillipod
and third pleopods. Exopods present on all maxillipods and pleopods as well as podobranchae
present on second maxillipods for both the genera Megokris Farfante
& Kensley, 1997 and Trachypenaeus
Alcock, 1901. Pleurobranchae
and arthrobranchiae are also similar in both the
genera. Hence, these two genera are
being suggested for a single genus as Trachypenaeus
Alcock, 1901.
Similarly, genus Rimapenaeus Farfante
& Kensley 1997 and Trachysalambria
Burkenroad, 1934 are closely related in respect to
distribution of branchiae, epipods
and exopods in the species of both the genera. Again, Farfante
& Kensley (1997) distinguished Trachysalambria from Rimapenaeus
by the presence of anterior sternal invigilation of XIV forming a typical
second bracket-shaped transverse groove and neither a well- defined median pocket
nor a deep cleft interiorly to produce a paired flaps interiorly as in Rimapenaeus.
They also mentioned distolateral projections
of petasma extended almost straight laterally or with
their tips curving slightly backwards in Trachysalambria. This character is controversial and
confusing. They also mentioned that
the longitudinal suture of carapace is short in Trachysalambria,
not exceeding epigastric tooth and in Rimapenaeus, suture extends beyond the level of epigastric tooth.
The last character is a strong point to create a separate genus for the
species under genus Trachypenaeus Alcock, 1901.
Therefore, the present author accepts the genus Rimapenaeus
as a valid genus as earlier described by Farfante
& Kensley 1997. As such the present author suggests a
three genera classification for the Trachypenaeid
group of prawns, viz., Trachypenaeus Alcock, 1901, Trachysalambria
Burkenroad, 1934 and Rimapenaeus
Farfante & Kensley
1997.
References
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Indian deep-sea Crustacea Decapoda
Macrura and Anomala, in the
Indian Museum. Being a revised account of the deep-sea species collected
by the Rural Indian marine survey ship ÒInvestigatorÓ, Indian Museum, Calcutta,
286pp.
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