A new species of Heydenia Förster (Hymenoptera:
Chalcidoidea: Pteromalidae) from Sri Lanka, with a key to species of the Indian
subcontinent
P.M.
Sureshan
Zoological Survey
of India, Gangetic Plains Regional Station, Rajendra Nagar, Patna, Bihar
800016, India
Email: samanyu2003@yahoo.com
Date
of online publication 26 February 2009
ISSN 0974-7907
(online) | 0974-7893 (print)
Editor: T.C. Narendran
Manuscript
details:
Ms # o1972
Received 31
March 2008
Final revised
received 27 August 2008
Finally accepted
07 September 2008
Citation: Sureshan, P.M.
(2009). A new species of Heydenia Förster (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea:
Pteromalidae) from Sri Lanka, with a key to species of the Indian subcontinent.Journal of Threatened Taxa 1(2): 114-116.
Copyright: © P.M. Sureshan 2008. Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported
License. JoTT allows unrestricted use of this article in any medium for
non-profit purposes, reproduction and distribution by providing adequate credit
to the authors and the source of publication.
Author Details: P.M. Sureshan is currently
Officer-in-Charge of Zoological Survey of India, Gangetic Plains Regional
Station, Patna, Bihar. He is actively
pursuing research on biosystematics of parasitic Hymenoptera (Chalcidoidea) for
the last two decades. He has also
carried out taxonomic research on animal groups like Mantodea,
Scolopendro-morpha and Scorpiones in collaboration with experts in the field.
Acknowledgements:I
am grateful to the Director, Zoological Survey of India, Kolkatta for providing
facilities and encouragement. I am also grateful to Dr. Steven L. Heydon,
Bohart Museum, University of California, USA for arranging the loan of
specimens for my study and Dr. Dr. Gary A.P. Gibson, Agriculture and Agri-Food
Canada, Ontario, Canada for providing copy of his work on the Phylogeny of
world Cleonyminae and other relevant literature.
Abstract:A new species of the pteromalid genus, Heydenia Förster, H.
gibsoni, is described from Sri
Lanka and a key to species of the Indian subcontinent provided .
Keywords:Chalcidoidea, Heydenia, Hymenoptera, key, new species, Pteromalidae, Sri
Lanka.
Abbreviations: F1-F7 - Funicular segments first to seventh; OOL -
Ocello-ocular distance; POL -
Post-ocellar distance; SMV - Submarginl vein; MV - Marginal vein; PMV -
Postmarginal vein; STV - Stigmal vien; T1-T4 - Tergites one to four of gaster.
Introduction
The pteromalid
genus, Heydenia Förster belongs to the subfamily
Cleonyminae. This genus is nearly
cosmopolitan in distribution, and is represented by 19 described and many
undescribed species in the world (Gibson 2003; Noyes 2007; Boucek 1988). Heydenia species are parasitoids of
the larvae and pupae of wood boring beetles of the families Buprestidae,
Cerambycidae, Curculionidae and Scolytidae and are often found on the trunks
and branches of dying trees attacked by these beetles. From the Indian subcontinent the genus is
represented by two species viz. H. tuberculata Sureshan from
Karnataka and H.indica Narendran from Kashmir and an undescribed species
from Sri Lanka (Sureshan 2000; Narendran et al. 2001; Boucek et al. 1979). In this paper one new species of Heydeniais described from Sri Lanka based on two specimens in the collections of the
Bohart Museum of Entomology, University of California, Davis, USA, which are on
loan to me by the kind courtesy of Dr. Steven Heydon. A key to the species of Heydenia of
the Indian subcontinent is also provided here. The type specimens are deposited
in the Bohart Museum of Entomology, University of California, Davis, USA.
Heydenia gibsonisp.
nov.
(Figs.1-3)
Material
examined
Holotype: Female,
23-30.viii.1999, 07013’N & 08057’E, Rantembe
Sanctuary, Randenigala Viet., Kandy district, Central Province, Sri Lanka, coll. M.T.M. & J. Washbauer, Bohart Museum of Entomology A-1172.
Paratype: Male same data
as that of holotype.
Etymology
Named in honour
of Dr. Gary A.P. Gibson, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ontario, Canada for
his remarkable contributions to the phylogenetics of the world Cleonyminae.
Diagnostic
characters
Female: Length. 3mm
(excluding ovipositor), ovipositor 1.2mm. Head and thorax metallic greenish-blue with golden brassy reflection on
face, sides of thorax, mesoscutum and scutellum (completely) and head dorsally
(head more darker), mainly brownish, with bluish-violet reflections on lower
face; lower face and parascrobal area with silvery white setae; metanotum and
propodeum bluish-violet; antennae dark brown except scape testaceous basally;
mandibles blackish-brown; tegulae brown; wings hyaline, veins pale brown, one
broad dark brown infumation on stigmal area and one small brown spot at
parastigma and two brownish-black tuft of setae one at parastigma and other at
base of MV, pubescence brown; legs yellowish-brown, tarsi whitish, coxae
laterally with metallic blue reflections, prominent on fore and hind coxae;
gaster blackish-brown with slight metallic bluish reflection dorsobasally,
petiole and subbasal patch on T1 testaceous, ovipositor sheaths brown,
ovipositor testaceous.
Head: Densely
reticulate on lower face almost up to ¾ area; rest of face finely reticulate
upto ocelli, vertex and rest of head moderately reticulate except on area below
lateral margin of eye shiny which extends up to vertex. Malar grooves distinct. Head in front view slightly wider than long
(1.03x); eye length 1.53x width (in profile); malar space length 0.5x eye
length (in profile); gena posteriorly not carinate; toruli separated by a
distance 0.6x that of distance of it from mouth margin; both mandible with
three teeth. In dorsal view head width
1.5x length, temple narrow, about 0.2x eye length, vertex 0.4x head width;
ocelli in an equilateral triangle; POL 2x OOL. Antennae (Fig. 1) inserted below middle of face and slightly below lower
margin of eyes, formula 11173; scape expanded towards tip, curved, just short
of reaching front ocellus, length 084x eye length; pedicel shorter than F1;
anellus transverse; pedicellus plus flagellum 1.32x head width; relative
lengths of pedicel 4, F1 5.5, F2 5, F3 5, F4 4.5, F5 4, F6 3, F7 3; funicular segments gradually decreasing in length
and slightly widening towards tip; club acuminate, almost as long as 3
preceding segments combined, each funicular segments with two rows of long
sensillae, area of micropilosity restricted to the last segment of club.
Thorax: Reticulate
punctate, pubescence less dense, lateral panel of pronotum shiny on lower and
upper halves. Pronotum transverse,
collar horizontal with lateral panel bent about 900 in relation to
dorsal surface. Mesoscutum width 1.52x
median length, notauli almost
complete. Scutellum convex, reticulation
closer, evenly curved posteriorly down to dorsellum without marginal rim,
medially as long as mesoscutum; axilla reticulate, moderately advanced,
axillular carina indicated, axillula almost shiny; scutoscutellar sulcus with a
tuft of white setae, frenal line indicated laterally; dorsellum broad, shiny,
extending slightly over scutellum. Propodeum (Fig. 3) medially 1.81x as broad as long with distinct median
carina and plicae which enclose a well defined hexagonal area, posterior margin
deeply emarginated, almost shiny centrally and finely reticulate laterally;
spiracles round, away from hind margin of metanotum by a distance more than its
diameter, post spiracular sulcus not indicated, callus and hind margin of
propodeum with translucent setae. Prepectus broad, triangular, striate reticulate with dense setae,
anterior margin longer than tegula. Mesopleuron densely reticulate except for a
small smooth area below wings. Metapleuron reticulate. Mesopleuron and metapleuron with dense slivery white hairs on the lower
half. Forewing (Fig. 2) length 2.7x width, membrane with reduced discal
ciliation, almost bare basally, marginal fringe very small, PMV distinctly shorter than MV and slightly
longer than STV. Relative lengths: SMV
38, MV 15.5, PMV 6.5, STV 4.5. Fore
femora moderately enlarged with a row of spines on the ventral margin, fore
tibia with a row of spines in the ventral and apical margins.
Gaster: (Fig.3) Petiole
distinct, wider than long, widened posteriorly, gaster (including petiole and
excluding ovipositor) 1.1x as long as thorax, T1 constricted in the form of a
basal stalk, posterior margin of T1 and T2 distinctly incised in the middle, T3
onwards finely reticulate, hypopygium reaching hind margin of T4.
Male: Length:
2.2mm. Closely resembles female but
differs as follows: legs including coxae brownish-yellow with a small metallic
blue patch laterally only on hind coxae, antennae with pubescence denser,
gaster shorter, forewing with infumation below STV small and no infumation
below base of MV.
Remarks: Among the
Indian species, the new species resembles H.indica Narendran in general
morphology especially in the nature of antenna, forewing, fore femur etc., but
differs in having gaster with a distinct petiole, long ovipositor sheaths
(1.56x as long as hind tibia in side view), T1 and T2 distinctly incised in the
posterior margin, forewing with longer marginal vein (2.3x PMV) with small
brown infumation below base of MV, and different propodeum (in H.indicagaster subsessile with very short petiole, ovipositor sheaths a little over
0.65x hind tibia (in side view), T1 and T2 very slightly sinuate along posterior margin, forewing with MV a little
less than 2x PMV and without any infumation below base of MV and different
propodeum). In having a longer
ovipositor (longer than the hind tibia) it also resembles H.trinodisBoucek and H. burgeoni (Risbec). However, both these species differ from the new species in general
morphology. The new species fits into the couplet 3 of the key to
Indo-Australian species of Heydenia by Narendran et al. 2001 but
can be segregated from other species of the key H. indica (Narendran), H.
longicollis (Cameron) and H. cristatipennis (Girault) in having a
long ovipositor sheath, length 1.4x as long as hind tibia in dorsal view and
petiole clearly visible from dorsal side which is widened posteriorly and width
1.5x length.
Key to Heydenia species of Indian
subcontinent
1. Propodeum with a ‘Y’ shaped median carina
with an anteriorly curved sharp tooth, axillae smooth and shiny, India: Karnatkaka
........................................................................................…..H. tuberculata Sureshan
- Propodeum
different, without tooth or tubercle on the median carina; axillae
reticulate.............................2
2. Ovipositor sheath a little over 0.65x length
of hind tibia ( in side view), gaster subsessile, petiole very short, India:
Kashmir ….......................................................................................................………H. indica Narendran
- Ovipositor sheath long, 1.56x as long
as hind tibia, gaster with distinct petiole Sri Lanka .....H. gibsoni sp. nov.
References
Boucek, Z. ( 1988). Australasian Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera):CAB International, Wallingford, 832pp.
Boucek, Z., B.R.S. Rao & S.I.
Farooqi (1979).A preliminary review of Pteromalidae (Hymenoptera) of India and adjacent
countries. Oriental Insects 12(4): 433-468.
Gibson, G.A.P. (2003). Phylogenetics
and classification of Cleonyminae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Pteromalidae). Memoirs
on Entomology, International. 16: 1-339.
Narendran, T.C., A.A. Buhroo & M.Z.
Chisti (2001).
Taxonomic studies on four new species of Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera) of Economic
importance from Kashmir, India. Entomon 26(2): 147-159.
Noyes, J.S. (2007). Universal
Chalcidoidea database. http://www. nhm.ac.uk/jdsml/research-curation/projects/
chalcidoids. Last updated May 2008
Sureshan, P.M.
(2000). A new species of HeydeniaForster (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) from India. Zoos’ Print Journal15(2): 197-198.