Studies on Foliicolous Fungi – XXVI - a new species and three new
records
V.B. Hosagoudar
Microbiology Division, Tropical Botanic Garden and Research
Institute, Palode, Thiruvananthapuram,
Kerala 695562, India
Email: vbhosagoudar@rediffmail.com
Date of online publication 26
July 2009
ISSN 0974-7907 (online) |
0974-7893 (print)
Editor: R.K. Verma
Manuscript details:
Ms # o2060
Received 13 September 2008
Finally accepted 19 June 2009
Citation: Hosagoudar, V.B. (2009). Studies on Foliicolous Fungi – XXVI - a new species and three new
records. Journal of Threatened Taxa1(7): 375-377.
Copyright: © V.B. Hosagoudar 2009. Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. JoTT allows
unrestricted use of this article in any medium for non-profit purposes,
reproduction and distribution by providing adequate credit to the authors and
the source of publication.
Acknowledgement: The author thanks the Director,
TBGRI, Palode for facilities.
1. Balladyna indica sp. nov.
( Image 1)
Coloniae hypophyllae, tenues vel subdensae, patentiae, ad 10 mm diam., confluentes. Hyphae rectae vel subrectae,alternatim vel irregulariter acuteque vel laxe ramosae,laxe vel arte reticulatae, cellulae 19-36 x 6-8
µm. Appressoria dispersa, alternata vel unilateralis, concoloura, ovata, oblonga, cylindracea, integra, recta, curvula vel uncinata, 11-20 x 6-8 µm.
Setae myceliales nigrae, simplices, rectae, ad apicem acutae vel obtusae, ad 144 µm longae. Perithecia dispersa, globosa,
ad initio stipitatis, sessilisad maturitata, ad 100µm diam. Asci non visa. Ascosporae oblongae, conglobatae, nigrae vel brunneae,uniseptatae, fortiter constrictae ad septatae, 30-32 x
15-17 µm, parietus glabrus.
Colonies hypophyllous,
thin to subdense, spreading, up to 10 mm in diam.,
confluent. Hyphaestraight to substraight, branching alternate to irregular
at acute to wide angles, loosely to closely reticulate, cells 19-36 x 6-8
µm. Appressoriascattered, alternate to unilateral, concolourous,
ovate, oblong, cylindrical, entire, straight, curved to uncinate,
11-20 x 6-8
µm. Mycelial setae dark, simple,
straight, acute to obtuse at the tip, up to 144 µm long. Perithecia scattered, globose, initially stipitate, later sessile, up to 100µm in diameter. Asci not seen. Ascospores oblong, conglobate,
dark brown, uniseptate, strongly constricted at the septum,
30-32 x 15-17 µm, wall smooth.
Etymology:Named
after the country, India
Material
examined
Type: 13.xii.2003, On leaves of Rubiaceae member, Sairandhri,
Silent Valley, Palghat, Kerala, India, coll. V.B. Hosagoudar et al. HCIO 46695 (type), TBGT 2036 (isotype) (MycoBank # MB 513421).
This species is close to Balladyna deightonii Hansf. (Hosagoudar2004) in having more than 100µm long mycelial setae
and 25µm long ascospores. However, Balladyna indicadiffers from it in having entire appressoria (Hosagoudar 2004). It
also differs from B. rubiacearum Hosag. in having oblong and entireappressoria (Hosagoudar2002).
2.Eupelte amicta Syd., Ann. Mycol. 22:426, 1924.
(Image
2)
Colonies epiphyllous, dense, crustose, smooth, up to 10mm in diameter, often cause
yellow haloes around the colonies and also yellowing on the corresponding lower
surface of the leaves. Hyphae partly superficial and
partly immersed, superficial hyphae brown, septate, flexuous, irregularly branched at acute to wide
angles, cells 12-35 x 3-4 µm. External
mycelium enters the host through stomata extended up to palisade tissues.
Conidiophores arise from the external mycelium, mostly deep brown to rarely
dark, 0-1-septate, erect, often curved, simple, solitary, smooth, 25-32µm long;conidiogenous cells terminal, integrated, monoblastic, determinate; conidia brown, 0-3-septate, not
constricted, straight to curved, cylindrical, obclavate,
broadly rounded at the apex, truncate at the base, wall smooth, 20-48 x 8-10
µm. Thyriotheciascattered to grouped, initially orbicular, later elliptic to elongated, simple,
straight, curved, often X or Y shaped, astomatous,
dehisce vertically at the centre, orbicular thyriothecia100-120 x 90-100 µm, ellipsoidal thyriothecia 441-700
x 196-245 µm; asci born on the basal hymenium, clavate, bitunicate, become spherical at maturity, eight spored, 36-40 x 14-18 µm; ascospores conglobate, oblong, brown, uniseptate,
constricted at the septa, 17-20 x 9-11 µm, wall smooth but becomes verrucose at maturity.
Material
examined
14.xii.2003, On
leaves of Olea dioica Roxb. (Oleaceae),Chempatty, Silent Valley National Park, Palghat, Kerala, coll. V.B.Hosagoudaret al. HCIO 46291, TBGT 1937.
Arx & Müller (1975) have placed MaurodothinaG. Arnaud ex Piroz. & Shoemaker
as synonym to Eupelte Syd. Sivanesan (1984) has stated that the genus Eupelte is similar to Maurodothinabut differs from it in absence of conidiogenous appressoria. Though
this species was reported from India and South Africa (Sivanesan1975), a detailed study was not made from the Indian collections and hence, the
note.
3.Hansfordiellopsis lichenicola(Bat. & H. Maia) Deighton,
Mycol. Pap. 78: 34, 1965: Ellis, Dematiaceous Hyphomycetes, p. 128, 1971.
(Image
3)
Colonies amphigenous,
mostly hypophyllous, subdenseto dense, associated with black colony forming fungi having unicellular appressoria. Hyphae ectophytic, brown, septate, slightly constricted at the septa, cells 8-10 x
4-7 µm, cells often supplemented with a pair of small, prominent, hemispherical
lateral cells without haustorium. Conidiophores macronematous,mononematous, simple, brown, erect, mostly
unicellular, 20-30µm long, slightly taper towards the apex, 3-5µm broad at the
base, 1-3µm broad at the apex; conidiogenous cells
terminal, determinate, integrated. Conidia solitary, dry, simple, acrogenous, obclavate, rostrate, olivaceous brown, 11-18µm long, 3-4µm broad at the base,
4-6µm broad at the broadest part, 1-2µm broad at the tip of the beak, septa
mostly 1-3 in number, horizontal, often oblique, wall smooth.
Material
examined
15.xii.2004, On
leaves of Nephelium sp. (Sapindaceae),Kakki dam, Pathanamthitta,
Kerala, coll. V.B. Hosagoudar et al. HCIO 46319, TBGT
1965.
The genus Hansfordiellopsis Deighton represents five species and all are
associated with the foliicolous lichen. This is an anamorph of the genus Koordersiella Hohn. (Kirk et al. 2001). H. lichenicola (Bat. &
Maia) Deighton was known from Brazil, Ghana,
Malaysia, Nigeria, Porto Rico, Sarawak, Sierra Leone, Tanzania, Trinidad and
Uganda (Ellis 1971) and is known here first time from India and also forms a
new generic record to India (Bilgrami et al. 1991; Jamaluddin et al. 2004).
4.Sporidesmium aburienseM.B. Ellis, Mycol. Pap. 70: 73, 1958; More Diatomaceous Hyphomycetes, p. 82, 1976. (Image 4)
Colonies
epiphyllous, brown, hyper parasite. Hyphae superficial, pale yellow, septate,
branched, 2-4µm broad. Conidiophores arise from the sides of the hyphae, macronematous, mononematous, simple, straight to flexuous, septate, brown, up to 110µm long
and 4-6µm broad. Conidiogenous cells monoblastic, terminal, integrated, percurrent,
cylindrical. Conidia brown, solitary,
dry, simple, straight to curved, obclavate, rostrate, truncate at the base, 1-3-septate, rarely
slightly constricted at the septa, paler towards apex, 36-80µm long, 1-2µm
broad at the base, 5-7µm broad at the middle, 3-4µm broad at the apex, often a
germ tube produced either from the apex or from the base or rarely from both.
Material
examined
12.xi.2003, Overgrowing on the colonies
of Cirsocia vateriaeon Vateria indicaL. (Dipterocarpaceae), Jodupal,Madikeri, Coorg, Karnataka,
India, coll. V.B. Hosagoudar HCIO 46380, TBGT 2026.
This species was known on Asterolibertia sp. from Ghana, Sabah and Sierra
Leone and is reported here on different fungus for the first time from India
(Ellis 1976; Bilgrami et al. 1991, Jamaluddin et al. 2004)
References
Arx,
J.A.V. & E. Müller (1975). A re-evaluation of the bitunicate ascomycetes with keys to families and genera. Stud.
Mycol. 9: 1-159.
Bilgrami,
K.S., S. Jamaluddin & M.A. Rizwi(1991). Fungi of India. List and References. Today and Tomorrow’s
Printers & Publishers, New Delhi, pp.1-798.
Ellis, M.B. (1971). Dematiaceous Hyphomycetes. CMI, Kew
Ellis,
M.B. (1976). More Dematiaceous Hyphomycetes. CMI, Kew
Hosagoudar, V.B. (2002). Studies on foliicolous fungi –VI.Two new species from Kerala and a new record from
India. Zoos’ Print Journal 17: 863-866.
Hosagoudar,
V.B. (2004). Studies on foliicolousfungi- XI. The genus Balladyna Racib., based on literature. Journal
of Economic & Taxonomic Botany 28: 202-208.
Jamaluddin, M.G. Goswami & B.M. Ojha (2004). Fungi of India (1989-2001). Scientific Publishers
(India), Jodhpur, 326p.
Kirk,
P.M., P.F. Cannon, J.C. David & J.A. Stalper(2001). Dictionary of the Fungi. CAB
International, UK.
Sivanesan, A. (1984). The Bitunicate Ascomycetes.International books & Periodical supply service, New Delhi (reprint).