Journal of Threatened
Taxa | www.threatenedtaxa.org | 26 September 2026 | 18(9): 29667–29683
ISSN 0974-7907 (Online) | ISSN 0974-7893 (Print)
https://doi.org/10.11609/jott.10182.18.9.29667-29683
#10182 | Received 28 September 2025 | Final received 25 March 2026| Finally
accepted 04 August 2026
An annotated district-wise
account of Odonata (Dragonflies and Damselflies) from Uttarakhand, India
Manoj Kumar Arya 1 & Mayank Mahara 2
1,2 Department of Zoology, D.S.B.
Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital, Uttarakhand 263001, India.
1 dr.manojkumar19@rediffmail.com
(corresponding author), 2 mayankmaharaofficial@gmail.com
Editor: Albert G. Orr, Griffith University, Nathan,
Australia. Date of publication:
26 September 2026 (online & print)
Citation: Arya,
M.K. & M. Mahara (2026). An annotated district-wise account of
Odonata (Dragonflies and Damselflies) from Uttarakhand, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa 18(9): 29667–29683. https://doi.org/10.11609/jott.10182.18.9.29667-29683
Copyright: © Arya & Mahara 2026. Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
JoTT allows unrestricted use, reproduction, and distribution of this article in
any medium by providing adequate credit to the author(s) and the source of
publication.
Funding: This work was funded by Kumaun University under Kumaun University
Internal Funding for Research (KUIFR-IV) 2026-27 scheme (Sanction No.:
KU/RDC/KUIFR-IV/2026-27/1753(30)).
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
Author details: Manoj Kumar Arya, FIAES, FZSI, is a professor in
the Department of Zoology at D.S.B. Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital,
Uttarakhand, India. He possesses more than 18 years of teaching experience and
over 21 years of research experience in the fields of forest
entomology, insect biodiversity and ecology. He has authored and edited three
books, one monograph, and has published more than 70 research papers in reputed
national and international journals, along with over 30 book chapters in
various scientific publications. Mayank Mahara is a Ph.D. student in the
Department of Zoology, D.S.B. Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital. His research
interests are biodiversity and ecology of Odonates.
Author contribution: MKA—supervision, conceptualization, formal
analysis and writing original draft; MM—review of literature and writing of
original draft
Acknowledgements:
The authors gratefully acknowledge the vice-chancellor of Kumaun
University, Nainital, prof. Diwan Singh Rawat, and the head of the
Department of Zoology, D.S.B. Campus, Nainital, prof. H.C.S. Bisht, for their
valuable support and encouragement throughout the course of this study.
Abstract: This study presents a list of 135
odonate species recorded from Uttarakhand, based on an extensive and critical
review of published literature. Notes on the present status of some recorded
taxa are included. The documented diversity includes 15 families and 73 genera,
comprising 84 species of Anisoptera and 51 species of Zygoptera. Among the
districts, Dehradun has the highest recorded species richness, followed by
Nainital and Pauri Garhwal. Five species recorded are endemic to India. The
majority of species are categorized as ‘Least Concern’ on the IUCN Red List,
with a small proportion listed as ‘Data Deficient’ or ‘Near Threatened’. The
list also provides an account of ecological assessments and biogeographical
comparisons in the region.
Keywords: Anisoptera, checklist,
distribution, diversity, endemism, nomenclatural changes, taxonomic revisions, western
Himalaya, Zygoptera.
INTRODUCTION
The order Odonata, comprising the
dragonflies and damselflies, represents one of the most ancient and
ecologically significant groups of insects (Kohli et al. 2020). There are two
main suborders, Anisoptera and Zygoptera, along with Anisozygoptera, a relic
group closer to Anisoptera but exhibiting intermediate features (Subramanian
& Babu 2020), often placed in its own suborder. Paulson et al. (2026)
recognise 6,485 species in 823 genera globally. Of these, India is home to 504
species, in 157 genera representing 17 families (Subramanian & Babu 2024).
Odonates serve multiple ecological roles such as predators and prey, and many
species are recognized as sensitive bioindicators of freshwater ecosystem
health due to their intolerance to pollution and habitat degradation (Samways
& Steytler 1996; Kadoya et al. 2004; Weisser & Siemann 2004; Oertli
2008; Ali & Niaz 2011; May 2019). The Indian Himalayan region, including
Uttarakhand, offers a unique mosaic of habitats such as rivers, streams,
wetlands, forests, and high-altitude lakes that host diverse odonate fauna.
However, studies documenting Odonata diversity in Uttarakhand remain limited.
Regional studies that have contributed to our knowledge of Odonata diversity in
Uttarakhand include: Prasad & Singh (1976), Prasad & Singh (1995),
Kumar & Mitra (1998), Mitra (2000), Vashishth et al. (2002), Farooq &
Arya (2018), and De et al. (2021), yet no comprehensive study has been
conducted to evaluate species composition and distribution across all the
districts of the state. Hence, the present study aims to systematically
document and list the Odonata of Uttarakhand.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Study area
The present review focuses on the
western Himalayan Indian state of Uttarakhand. The state covers an area of
approximately 53,483 km² (1.63% of India’s total geographical area) and is
situated between 28.716–31.466 °N and 77.566–81.05 °E. Uttarakhand shows
considerable altitudinal variation, ranging from about 100 m in the Tarai
plains to 7,816 m at Nanda Devi peak. The region receives an average annual
rainfall of nearly 1,500 mm, and temperatures range from below 0 °C at higher
elevations to around 43 °C in the plains. Administratively, the state comprises
two sub-divisions: Garhwal (seven districts) and Kumaon (six districts), and
includes the Trans-Himalayan, Greater Himalayan, Lesser Himalayan, Bhabar, and
Tarai physiographic zones. Table 1 presents the districts of the two
administrative divisions of Uttarakhand along with their geographic and
meteorological attributes.
The present list of Odonata
(dragonflies and damselflies) of Uttarakhand was compiled by an extensive
review of existing scientific literature. This included many publications,
including: Fraser (1933, 1934, 1936), Prasad & Singh (1976), Singh &
Prasad (1976), Kumar & Prasad (1981), Kumar (1982), Bisht & Das (1988),
Kaushal & Joshi (1988), Hämäläinen (1989), Kumar (1995), Mitra (1999,
2000), Joshi et al. (2002, 2004, 2008), Vashishth et al. (2002), Kumar &
Sharma (2003), Tewari & Kaushal (2007), Dev et al. (2009), Prasad &
Mondal (2010), Prasad & Sinha (2010), Arya (2015), Subramanian & Babu
(2017), Farooq & Arya (2018), Husain (2018), Verma & Arya (2020), Arya
et al. (2021, 2023, 2024), De et al. (2021), and Singh (2022). It should be noted that several
locality records reported by Fraser are expressed in broad geographical terms
(e.g., “Kumaon”, “Dehra Dun”), which do not always correspond to present-day
administrative districts. Such records have therefore been interpreted
cautiously when assigning district-level distributions in the present study. The taxonomic status and
systematic position of all recorded species were verified and updated according
to the modern classification system first established by Dijkstra et al.
(2013), while the taxonomic updates, including species revisions and nomenclatural
changes, were incorporated based on online databases, namely the World Odonata
List (Paulson et al. 2026) and iNaturalist (2025), and recent revisions. The
global conservation status of each species was based on the IUCN Red List of
Threatened Species (IUCN 2025). Information on the endemic status
of the species was derived from Kalkman et al. (2020).
The presence of each species in
various districts was catalogued based on records from the published
literature. These data were organized into tables to facilitate a comparison of
species diversity and distribution across all districts of Uttarakhand. The
compiled data were analyzed to quantify the odonate diversity of Uttarakhand.
The present analysis focuses on species-level diversity. In cases where the
literature reported infra-specific taxa (e.g., Neurobasis chinensis
chinensis), these records were catalogued alongside their specific
localities. However, for the purpose of calculating total species richness and
conducting comparative analyses, all named subspecies were subsumed under their
respective nominal species (e.g., Neurobasis chinensis). This
species-level enumeration approach prevents taxonomic inflation in diversity
metrics and ensures that the results are comparable with other odonatological
studies that may not recognize or may treat these infra-specific categories
differently. Thus, a species is counted only once, regardless of the number of
its subspecies reported within the state.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Species Richness and Taxonomic Composition
A total of 135 species of Odonata
were documented from Uttarakhand (Table 2). These are distributed across two
suborders, 15 families, and 73 genera. Suborder Zygoptera (Damselflies)
comprised 51 species (37.8%), belonging to eight families. The most speciose
family within Zygoptera was Coenagrionidae with 20 species, followed by
Platycnemididae (11 species), Lestidae (6 species), Chlorocyphidae (7 species),
Euphaeidae (3 species), Platystictidae (2 species), Calopterygidae (1 species)
and Synlestidae (1 species). Suborder Anisoptera (Dragonflies) was represented
by 84 species (62.2%), spread across seven families. The family Libellulidae
dominated with 46 species, making it the most species-rich family overall.
Other families included Gomphidae (18 species), Aeshnidae (10 species),
Cordulegastridae (6 species), Macromiidae (2 species), Chlorogomphidae (1
species), and Corduliidae (1 species). Overall, Libellulidae contributed the
highest recorded odonate fauna of Uttarakhand with 46 species (34.1% of the
total odonate fauna of Uttarakhand) (Image 1).
District-wise Distribution
The distribution analysis
revealed marked variation across districts. Dehradun emerged as the most
species-rich district, with 103 species, representing 76.3% of the total odonate
fauna of Uttarakhand. Other high-diversity districts included Nainital (76
species), Pauri Garhwal (55 species), and Uttarkashi (42 species). On the other
hand, districts such as Champawat (16 species), Rudraprayag (8 species), and
Udham Singh Nagar (3 species) recorded comparatively lower diversity, likely
reflecting low sampling effort rather than actual low diversity (Image 2).
Dominant and Widespread Species
Several common and widespread
species were also widely distributed across the state, occurring in eight or
more districts. These included: Orthetrum taeniolatum (12 districts), Orthetrum
glaucum (11 districts), Orthetrum pruinosum (11 districts), Orthetrum
sabina (11 districts), Crocothemis servilia (10 districts), Orthetrum
triangulare (10 districts), Pantala flavescens (10 districts), Trithemis
festiva (10 districts), Ischnura forcipata (9 districts), Palpopleura
sexmaculata (9 districts), Paracypha unimaculata (9 districts), Anisopleura
comes (8 districts), Ischnura rubilio (8 districts), Neurobasis
chinensis (8 districts).
IUCN Global Red List Status and
Endemic Status
According to the IUCN Red List
assessments, the majority of odonate species recorded from Uttarakhand fall
under the ‘Least Concern’ (LC) category, comprising 119 species (88.1%) of the
total documented fauna. A further 12 species (8.9%) are classified as ‘Data
Deficient’ (DD), reflecting the need for additional research on their
population status and distribution. Three species (2.2%) remain ‘Not Evaluated’
(NE), while a single species (0.7%), namely, Anormogomphus kiritshenkoi
Barteneff, 1913, is listed as ‘Near Threatened’ (NT). Five species are endemic
to India.
Taxonomic Revisions and
Infra-specific Records
The checklist incorporates recent
taxonomic changes. In addition, 28 infra-specific taxa were noted (e.g., Neurobasis
chinensis chinensis, Crocothemis servilia servilia, Orthetrum
sabina sabina), but for the purpose of quantitative analysis, all
subspecies were consolidated under their respective nominal species. This
avoided artificial inflation of the diversity count and ensured the tally
remained at 135 valid species.
Taxonomic revisions and
nomenclatural changes
-
Amphiallagma parvum (Selys, 1876) was previously treated as Enallagma parvum (Selys,
1876)
- Specimens from the Indian
subcontinent that were previously identified as Ischnura aurora are now
considered Ischnura rubilio, as the latter is the only species known to
occur in this region (Kalkman et al. 2020).
- Lestes praemorsus decipiens Kirby, 1893 is treated as Lestes
decipiens (Kirby, 1893) in 2025. Lestes decipiens was elevated from
a subspecies of Lestes praemorsus by Hopkins et al. (2025). Therefore, Lestes
praemorsus Hagen in Selys, 1862 is no longer considered part of the fauna
of the Indian Subcontinent, and previous records of it pertain to L.
decipiens, as discussed in Kalkman et al. (2020), based on the
analysis of Lieftinck (1949).
- Aristocypha quadrimaculata
(Selys, 1853) was originally described as Rhinocypha quadrimaculata and
subsequently transferred to the genus Aristocypha by Laidlaw (1950).
- Scalmogomphus bistrigatus (Hagen in Selys, 1854) was
previously treated as Onychogomphus bistrigatus (Hagen in Selys, 1854).
- Scalmogomphus schmidti (Fraser, 1937) was previously
treated as Onychogomphus schmidti Fraser, 1937.
- Orthetrum anceps (Schneider, 1845) was treated as
Orthetrum coerulescens anceps (Schneider, 1845) by Kalkman et al.
(2020).
- Nychogomphus duaricus was originally described by Fraser
in 1924 in the genus Onychogomphus. Its presently accepted name is Nychogomphus
duaricus (Fraser, 1924).
- Fraser described Coenagrion
exclamationis as Himalagrion exclamationis in 1919. Subsequently, it
was removed to the genus Coenagrion, and its presently accepted name is Coenagrion
exclamationis (Fraser, 1919).
- Agriocnemis corbeti Kumar & Prasad, 1978 is
treated as a synonym of Agriocnemis pygmaea (Rambur, 1842) by Kalkman et
al. (2020).
- Copera ciliata Selys, 1863 was transferred to Pseudocopera
ciliata (Selys, 1863) by Dijkstra et al. (2014).
- Hemianax ephippiger Burmeister, 1839 was treated as Anax
ephippiger (Burmeister, 1839) by Kalkman et al. (2020).
- Cordulegaster bidentata Selys, 1843 was replaced with Thecagaster
bidentata (Selys, 1843) in 2024 (Schneider et al., 2024).
- Sympetrum haematoenura Fraser, 1924 was synonymised
with Sympetrum speciosum Oguma, 1915 by Kalkman et al. (2020).
Table 1.
Geographic and meteorological attributes of the districts belonging to the two
divisions of Uttarakhand (G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment
2020; Forest Survey of India 2023; Arya et al. 2025a,b; NASA 2025).
|
Division |
Districts |
Elevational range (in m) |
Total Geographical Area (GA) (in km2) |
Total Forest Area (FA) (in km2) |
Average monthly temperature
(2020-2024) (in oC) |
Average monthly humidity
(2020-2024) (in %) |
Average monthly rainfall
(2020-2024) (in mm/day) |
No. of odonate species |
|
Garhwal |
Chamoli |
698–7,512 |
8030 |
2,641.30 |
5.90 |
63.92 |
80.17 |
27 |
|
Rudraprayag |
576–6,741 |
1,984 |
1,146.61 |
12.46 |
61.83 |
107.88 |
08 |
|
|
Tehri Garhwal |
335–6,596 |
3,642 |
2,222.68 |
12.46 |
61.84 |
107.88 |
38 |
|
|
Pauri Garhwal |
253–3,097 |
5,329 |
3,360.55 |
17.96 |
61.23 |
111.94 |
55 |
|
|
Uttarkashi |
697–6,903 |
8,016 |
3,023.86 |
-0.49 |
70.86 |
79.88 |
42 |
|
|
Dehradun |
290–3,185 |
3,088 |
1,640.30 |
16.81 |
61.59 |
124.16 |
103 |
|
|
Haridwar |
222–870 |
2,360 |
564.76 |
22.29 |
57.98 |
111.59 |
19 |
|
|
Kumaon |
Almora |
482–2,744 |
3,144 |
1,722.96 |
19.42 |
59.51 |
107.43 |
40 |
|
Nainital |
210–2,623 |
4,251 |
2,866.55 |
19.42 |
59.51 |
107.44 |
76 |
|
|
Champawat |
260–2,174 |
1,766 |
1,219.39 |
16.98 |
62.07 |
115.10 |
16 |
|
|
Bageshwar |
220–2,159 |
2,241 |
1,263.37 |
11.90 |
61.28 |
92.91 |
17 |
|
|
Udham Singh Nagar |
181–387 |
2,542 |
494.17 |
24.2 |
56.61 |
100.57 |
03 |
|
|
Pithoragarh |
428–6,895 |
7,090 |
2,137.33 |
5.88 |
67.71 |
78.23 |
33 |
Table 2.
List of significant Odonata records from Uttarakhand.
|
|
Species composition |
Common name |
Distribution |
Altitudinal range (in m) |
Recent/ Old confirmation by
authors |
Global IUCN Red List status |
Endemic status |
|
I. ODONATA: ZYGOPTERA |
|||||||
|
1. Superfamily: Lestoidea
Calvert, 1901 |
|||||||
|
i. Family: Synlestidae
Tillyard, 1917 |
|||||||
|
Genus: Megalestes |
|||||||
|
1 |
Megalestes major Selys, 1862 |
Giant Green Spreadwing |
DDN, NTL, AL, PTG, CML |
700–3,000 |
Fraser (1933), Kumar &
Prasad (1981), Kumar (1982), Hämäläinen (1989), Husain (2018), Arya et al.
(2021), De et al. (2021), Farooq & Arya (2018), Arya et al. (2024), Kumar
(1995), Prasad & Mondal (2010), |
LC |
|
|
ii. Family: Lestidae Calvert,
1901 |
|||||||
|
Genus: Indolestes |
|||||||
|
2 |
Indolestes cyaneus (Selys, 1862) |
Blue Reedling |
DDN, NTL, UTK |
|
De et al. (2021), Prasad &
Mondal (2010), Singh (2022) |
LC |
|
|
Genus: Lestes |
|||||||
|
3 |
Lestes concinnus Hagen in Selys,
1862 |
Dusky Spreadwing |
DDN, NTL |
|
De et al. (2021), Singh (2022) |
LC |
|
|
4 |
Lestes decipiens Kirby, 1893 |
|
DDN, UTK |
|
De et al. (2021), Husain
(2018), Prasad & Mondal (2010) |
NE |
|
|
5 |
Lestes thoracicus Laidlaw, 1920 |
|
DDN |
|
Prasad & Singh (1976),
Kumar (1995), Prasad & Mondal (2010) |
LC |
|
|
6 |
Lestes umbrinus Selys, 1891 |
Brown Spreadwing |
UKD |
|
Prasad & Mondal (2010) |
DD |
|
|
7 |
Lestes viridulus Rambur,1842 |
Emerald-striped Spreadwing |
DDN, PG, NTL |
0–1,000 |
De et al. (2021), Prasad &
Singh (1976), Kumar (1995), Prasad & Mondal (2010), Prasad & Singh
(1995), Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
LC |
|
|
2. Superfamily: Platystictoidea
Kennedy, 1920 |
|||||||
|
iii. Family: Platystictidae
Kennedy, 1920 |
|||||||
|
Genus: Drepanosticta |
|||||||
|
8 |
Drepanosticta carmichaeli (Laidlaw, 1915) |
Himalayan Shadowdamsel or
Indo-Chinese Blue Reedtail |
DDN, CML, PG, TG, UTK, AL |
350–2,100 |
De et al. (2021), Prasad &
Mondal (2010), Singh (2022), Prasad & Singh (1995), Kumar & Prasad
(1981) |
LC |
|
|
Genus: Protosticta |
|||||||
|
9 |
Protosticta davenporti Fraser, 1931 |
Anamalai Reedtail |
UKD |
|
Prasad & Mondal (2010) |
LC |
EN IND |
|
3. Superfamily: Calopterygoidea
Selys, 1850 |
|||||||
|
iv. Family: Calopterygidae
Selys, 1850 |
|||||||
|
Genus: Neurobasis |
|||||||
|
10 |
Neurobasis chinensis (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Green Metalwing or Stream Glory |
DDN, PG, TG, NTL, AL, PTG, CPT,
UTK |
|
De et al. (2021), Husain
(2018), Kumar & Sharma (2003), Meena & Sharma (2025), Arya et al.
(2024), Arya et al. (2023) |
LC |
|
|
Neurobasis chinensis chinensis (Linnaeus, 1758) |
|
DDN, PG, TG, NTL, PTG, UTK |
|
Prasad & Singh (1976),
Kumar (1995), Prasad & Mondal (2010), Prasad & Singh (1995), Kumar
& Prasad (1981) |
|
|
|
|
v. Family: Chlorocyphidae
Cowley, 1937 |
|||||||
|
Genus: Aristocypha |
|||||||
|
11 |
Aristocypha fenestrella Rambur,1842 |
Peacock Jewel |
NTL, CPT |
|
Arya et al. (2024), Arya et al.
(2023) |
LC |
|
|
12 |
Aristocypha quadrimaculata (Selys, 1853) |
Lesser Black Jewel or Black
Emperor |
DDN, HD, PG, TG, NTL, BG, AL,
CPT, UTK |
300–1,400 |
De et al. (2021), Husain
(2018), Prasad & Singh (1976), Vashishth et al. (2002), Arya et al.
(2024), Arya et al. (2023), Kumar (1995), Prasad & Mondal (2010), Prasad
& Singh (1995), Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
LC |
|
|
13 |
Aristocypha spuria Selys, 1879 |
Greater Black Jewel |
NTL |
|
Kumar (1995), Prasad &
Mondal (2010) |
LC |
|
|
14 |
Aristocypha trifasciata (Selys, 1853) |
Three-banded Emerald Jewel |
DDN, PG, TG, NTL, BG, AL, PTG |
600–1,700 |
De et al. (2021), Husain
(2018), Kumar (1982), Kumar (1995), Prasad & Mondal (2010) |
LC |
|
|
Genus: Heliocypha |
|||||||
|
15 |
Heliocypha biforata (Selys, 1859) |
Magenta Jewel |
DDN, PG |
|
De et al. (2021), Prasad &
Mondal (2010), Singh (2022), Prasad & Singh (1995) |
LC |
|
|
Genus: Libellago |
|||||||
|
16 |
Libellago lineata spp. (Burmeister,
1839) |
Golden Gem or River Heliodor |
DDN, PG, NTL, UDM |
0–920 |
De et al. (2021), Singh (2022) |
LC |
|
|
Libellago lineata lineata (Burmeister, 1839) |
|
DDN, PG, NTL |
|
Prasad & Singh (1976),
Kumar (1995), Prasad & Mondal (2010), Prasad & Singh (1995), Kumar
& Prasad (1981) |
|
|
|
|
Genus: Paracypha |
|||||||
|
17 |
Paracypha unimaculata (Selys, 1853) |
|
DDN, PG, TG, NTL, AL, PTG, UTK,
CML, BG |
440–1,800 |
De et al. (2021), Husain
(2018), Prasad & Singh (1976), Arya et al. (2023), Kumar (1995), Prasad
& Mondal (2010), Singh (2022), Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
LC |
|
|
vi. Family: Euphaeidae Yakobson
& Bianchi, 1905 |
|||||||
|
Genus: Anisopleura |
|||||||
|
18 |
Anisopleura comes Hagen, 1880 |
Himalayan Mountaindart |
DDN, TG, PTG, CML, AL, NTL, PG,
UTK |
400–2,600 |
De et al. (2021), Husain
(2018), Kumar (1982), Prasad & Singh (1976), Kumar (1995), Prasad &
Mondal (2010), Singh (2022), Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
LC |
|
|
19 |
Anisopleura lestoides Selys, 1853 |
Indian Mountaindart |
DDN, PG, NTL, BG, CML, AL, UTK |
640–2,500 |
De et al. (2021), Hämäläinen
(1989), Husain (2018), Prasad & Singh (1976), Kumar (1995), Prasad &
Mondal (2010), Singh (2022), Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
LC |
|
|
Genus: Bayadera |
|||||||
|
20 |
Bayadera indica (Selys, 1853) |
Indian Velveteen |
DDN, PG, TG, NTL, AL, CML, UTK |
|
De et al. (2021), Husain
(2018), Prasad & Singh (1976), Arya et al. (2021), Arya et al. (2024),
Kumar (1995), Prasad & Mondal (2010), Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
LC |
|
|
vii. Family: Platycnemididae
Yakobson & Bianchi, 1905 |
|||||||
|
Genus: Calicnemia |
|||||||
|
21 |
Calicnemia doonensis ssp. Sangal &
Tyagi, 1984 |
Doon Oread |
DDN, HD, TG, UTK |
350–1,700 |
Singh (2022) |
LC |
|
|
Calicnemia doonensis doonensi Sangal &
Tyagi, 1984 |
|
DDN |
|
De et al. (2021), Hämäläinen
(1989), Husain (2018) |
|
|
|
|
22 |
Calicnemia eximia Selys, 1863 |
Scarlet Oread or Scarlet
Openwing |
DDN, NTL, TG, AL, PTG, CML, UTK |
300–2,900 |
De et al. (2021), Hämäläinen
(1989), Husain (2018), Kumar & Sharma (2003), Meena & Sharma (2025),
Mitra (2000), Kumar (1995), Prasad & Mondal (2010), Kumar & Prasad
(1981) |
LC |
|
|
23 |
Calicnemia miles (Laidlaw, 1917) |
Red Oread |
DDN, PG, TG, PTG, CML, UTK |
|
De et al. (2021), Husain
(2018), Prasad & Singh (1976), Kumar (1995), Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
LC |
|
|
24 |
Calicnemia mortoni (Laidlaw, 1917) |
|
NTL |
|
Kumar (1995), Prasad &
Mondal (2010), Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
LC |
|
|
25 |
Calicnemia pulverulans (Selys, 1886) |
Powdery Oread |
TG, AL, UTK, CML, DDN |
|
Kumar (1995), Prasad &
Mondal (2010), Singh (2022), Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
LC |
|
|
Genus: Coeliccia |
|||||||
|
26 |
Coeliccia renifera (Selys, 1886) |
Kidney-spotted Sylvan |
AL |
410–1,830 |
Kumar (1995), Prasad &
Mondal (2010), Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
LC |
|
|
Genus: Pseudocopera |
|||||||
|
27 |
Pseudocopera ciliata (Selys, 1863) |
Black-kneed Featherleg or Pied
Bush Dart |
UKD |
|
Prasad & Mondal (2010) |
LC |
|
|
Genus: Copera |
|||||||
|
28 |
Copera marginipes (Rambur, 1842) |
Yellow Featherleg, Yellow Bush
Dart, Yellow Rimmed Featherleg |
DDN, PG, NTL, UDM |
0–900 |
De et al. (2021), Prasad &
Singh (1976), Kumar (1995), Prasad & Mondal (2010), Singh (2022), Prasad
& Singh (1995), Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
LC |
|
|
29 |
Copera vittata ssp. Selys, 1863 |
Blue Bush Dart |
DDN |
0–1,100 |
Prasad & Singh (1976),
Kumar (1995), Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
LC |
|
|
Copera vittata serapica Selys, 1863 |
|
DDN |
|
Husain (2018), Prasad &
Mondal (2010) |
|
|
|
|
Genus: Elattoneura |
|||||||
|
30 |
Elattoneura campioni ssp. (Fraser, 1922) |
|
DDN |
|
De et al. (2021), Prasad &
Mondal (2010) |
DD |
|
|
Elattoneura campioni campioni (Fraser, 1922) |
Blue Threadtail |
|
|
Singh (2022) |
|
|
|
|
Genus: Prodasineura |
|||||||
|
31 |
Prodasineura autumnalis (Fraser, 1922) |
Black Threadtail |
DDN, NTL |
|
De et al. (2021), Prasad &
Mondal (2010), Singh (2022) |
LC |
|
|
4. Superfamily: Coenagrionoidea
Kirby, 1890 |
|||||||
|
viii. Family: Coenagrionidae
Kirby, 1890 |
|||||||
|
Genus: Aciagrion |
|||||||
|
32 |
Aciagrion pallidum Selys, 1891 |
Pale Slender Dartlet |
NTL, BG, PTG, PG |
|
Kumar (1982), Kumar (1995),
Prasad & Mondal (2010), Singh (2022), Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
LC |
|
|
Genus: Agriocnemis |
|||||||
|
33 |
Agriocnemis clauseni Fraser, 1922 |
Blue-spotted Wisp |
DDN, NTL, PG |
200–640 |
De et al. (2021), Mitra (2000),
Meena & Sharma (2025), Kumar & Sharma (2003), Prasad & Singh
(1976), Kumar (1995), Prasad & Mondal (2010), Singh (2022), Prasad &
Singh (1995), Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
LC |
|
|
34 |
Agriocnemis pygmaea (Rambur, 1842) |
Wandering Wisp |
DDN, NTL, PG, TG, BG, AL, UTK |
0–1,700 |
De et al. (2021), Hamalainen
(1989), Husain (2018), Kumar & Sharma (2003), Kumar & Sharma (2003),
Meena & Sharma (2025), Mitra (2000), Prasad & Singh (1976), Kumar
(1995), Prasad & Mondal (2010), Prasad & Singh (1995), Kumar &
Prasad (1981) |
LC |
|
|
Genus: Amphiallagma |
|||||||
|
35 |
Amphiallagma parvum (Selys, 1876) |
Azure Dartlet or Little Blue |
DDN, NTL, CPT |
|
De et al. (2021), Hamalainen
(1989), Husain (2018), Kumar & Sharma (2003), Meena & Sharma (2025),
Mitra (2000), Prasad & Singh (1976), Kumar (1995), Prasad & Mondal
(2010), Singh (2022), Prasad & Singh (1995), Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
LC |
|
|
Genus: Ceriagrion |
|||||||
|
36 |
Ceriagrion cerinorubellum (Brauer, 1865) |
Orange-tailed Marsh Dart or
Painted Waxtail |
DDN |
0–250 |
De et al. (2021), Kumar &
Sharma (2003), Mitra (2000), Prasad & Singh (1976), Kumar (1995), Prasad
& Mondal (2010), Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
LC |
|
|
37 |
Ceriagrion coromandelianum (Fabricius, 1798) |
Coromandel Marsh Dart or Yellow
Waxtail |
DDN, HD, TG, NTL, CML, UTK, PG |
|
De et al. (2021), Hämäläinen
(1989), Husain (2018), Kumar & Sharma (2003), Meena & Sharma (2025),
Mitra (2000), Prasad & Singh (1976), Vashishth et al. (2002), Arya et al.
(2024), Arya et al. (2023), Kumar (1995), Prasad & Mondal (2010), Singh
(2022), Prasad & Singh (1995), Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
LC |
|
|
38 |
Ceriagrion fallax Ris, 1914 |
Black-tailed Marsh Dart |
DDN, UTK |
2,000 |
De et al. (2021), Husain
(2018), Singh (2022) |
LC |
|
|
Genus: Coenagrion |
|||||||
|
39 |
Coenagrion exclamationis
(Fraser, 1919) |
|
UKD |
|
Prasad & Mondal (2010) |
DD |
|
|
Genus: Ischnura |
|||||||
|
40 |
Ischnura forcipata Morton, 1908 |
Forcipate Dartlet or Forked
Bluetail |
DDN, HD, PG, TG, NTL, AL, PTG,
CML, UTK |
|
Fraser (1933), Prasad &
Singh (1976), Mitra (2000), De et al. (2021), Meena & Sharma (2025),
Hämäläinen (1989), Husain (2018), Kumar (1982), Kumar & Sharma (2003),
Vashishth et al. (2002), Kumar (1995), Prasad & Mondal (2010), Prasad
& Singh (1995), Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
LC |
|
|
41 |
Ischnura nursei Morton, 1907 |
Pixie Dartlet |
DDN, HD, NTL, PG, PTG, UDM |
|
Kumar & Prasad (1981),
Kumar & Sharma (2003), Meena & Sharma (2025), Mitra (2000), De et al.
(2021), Vashishth et al. (2002), Singh (2022) |
LC |
|
|
42 |
Ischnura pumilio (Charpentier,
1825) |
Scarce Blue-tailed Damselfly or
Small Bluetail |
UKD |
0–2,300 |
Singh (2022) |
LC |
|
|
43 |
Ischnura rubilio Selys, 1877 |
Western Golden Dartlet |
DDN, NTL, AL, PG, PTG, TG, UTK,
CML |
|
Hämäläinen (1989), Kumar
(1995), Prasad & Singh (1995), Mitra (2000), Kumar & Sharma (2003),
Prasad & Mondal (2010), Husain (2018), De et al. (2021), Singh (2022),
Arya et al. (2023), Arya et al. (2024), Meena & Sharma (2025) |
LC |
|
|
44 |
Ischnura rufostigma Selys, 1876 |
Red Bluetail |
NTL |
0–1,580 |
Kumar (1995), Prasad &
Mondal (2010), Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
LC |
|
|
45 |
Ischnura senegalensis Rambur, 1842 |
Common Bluetail, Marsh
Bluetail, Ubiquitous Bluetail, African Bluetail, Senegal Golden Dartlet,
Tropical Bluetail |
DDN, TG, NTL |
0–3,100 |
De et al. (2021), Kumar (1995),
Prasad & Mondal (2010), Singh (2022), Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
LC |
|
|
Genus: Paracercion |
|||||||
|
46 |
Paracercion calamorum (Ris, 1916) |
Dusky Lillysquatter |
DDN, NTL |
|
De et al. (2021), Arya et al.
(2024), Prasad & Singh (1976), Singh (2022) |
LC |
|
|
Genus: Pseudagrion |
|||||||
|
47 |
Pseudagrion australasiae Selys, 1876 |
Look-alike Sprite or
Blue-headed Sprite |
NTL |
|
Arya et al. (2023), Arya et al.
(2024) |
LC |
|
|
48 |
Pseudagrion decorum (Rambur, 1842) |
Elegant Sprite, Three Striped
Blue Dart |
DDN, HD, NTL, PG |
|
De et al. (2021), Hämäläinen
(1989), Kumar & Sharma (2003), Meena & Sharma (2025), Mitra (2000),
Prasad & Singh (1976), Vashishth et al. (2002), Kumar (1995), Prasad
& Mondal (2010), Singh (2022), Prasad & Singh (1995), Kumar &
Prasad (1981) |
LC |
|
|
49 |
Pseudagrion laidlawi Fraser, 1922 |
Dusky Sprite |
DDN, PG |
400–600 |
De et al. (2021), Mitra (2000),
Prasad & Singh (1976), Kumar (1995), Prasad & Mondal (2010), Singh
(2022), Prasad & Singh (1995), Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
LC |
|
|
50 |
Pseudagrion rubriceps Selys, 1876 |
Orange-faced Sprite or
Saffron-faced blue dart |
DDN, HD, PG,TG, NTL, UTK |
300–1,800 |
Prasad & Singh (1976),
Husain (2018), Meena & Sharma (2025), Vashishth et al. (2002), Arya et
al. (2023), Kumar (1995), Prasad & Singh (1995), Kumar & Prasad
(1981) |
LC |
|
|
Pseudagrion rubriceps rubriceps Selys, 1876 |
|
DDN, NTL, PG |
|
De et al. (2021), Hämäläinen
(1989), Kumar & Sharma (2003), Mitra (2000), Arya et al. (2024), Prasad
& Mondal (2010), Singh (2022) |
|
|
|
|
51 |
Pseudagrion spencei Fraser, 1922 |
Brook Sprite |
DDN, NTL, CPT |
|
De et al. (2021), Hämäläinen
(1989), Kumar (1995), Prasad & Mondal (2010), Singh (2022), Kumar &
Prasad (1981) |
LC |
|
|
II. ODONATA: ANISOPTERA |
|||||||
|
5. Superfamily: Aeshnoidea
Leach, 1815 |
|||||||
|
ix. Family: Aeshnidae Leach,
1815 |
|||||||
|
Genus: Anax |
|||||||
|
52 |
Anax ephippiger (Burmeister, 1839) |
Vagrant Emperor |
UKD |
0–2,500 |
Prasad & Sinha (2010) |
LC |
|
|
53 |
Anax guttatus (Burmeister, 1839) |
Pale-spotted Emperor or Lesser
Green Emperor |
DDN |
|
De et al. (2021), Singh &
Prasad (1976), Kumar & Sharma (2003), Meena & Sharma (2025), Mitra
(2000), Kumar (1995), Prasad & Sinha (2010) |
LC |
|
|
54 |
Anax immaculifrons Rambur, 1842 |
Magnificent Emperor or Blue
Darner |
DDN, PG, BG, AL, PTG, CML, NTL |
|
De et al. (2021), Husain
(2018), Singh & Prasad (1976), Arya (2015), Joshi et al. (2004), Joshi et
al. (2018), Arya et al. (2021), Farooq & Arya (2018), Arya et al. (2024),
Kumar (1995), Prasad & Sinha (2010), Singh (2022), Kumar & Prasad
(1981) |
LC |
|
|
55 |
Anax imperator Leach, 1815 |
Blue Emperor or Emperor
Dragonfly |
DDN |
|
Kumar (1995), Prasad &
Sinha (2010) |
LC |
|
|
56 |
Anax nigrolineatus Fraser, 1935 |
Blue-spotted Emperor |
DDN, NTL, BG, AL, PTG, UTK |
|
De et al. (2021), Husain
(2018), Kumar (1982), Joshi et al. (2004), Kumar (1995), Prasad & Sinha
(2010), Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
LC |
|
|
57 |
Anax parthenope spp. (Selys, 1839) |
Lesser Emperor |
DDN, NTL |
|
De et al. (2021), Meena &
Sharma (2025), Singh (2022) |
LC |
|
|
Anax parthenope parthenope (Selys, 1839) |
|
DDN, NTL |
|
Kumar & Sharma (2003),
Mitra (2000), Kumar (1995), Prasad & Sinha (2010), Kumar & Prasad
(1981) |
|
|
|
|
Genus: Cephalaeschna |
|||||||
|
58 |
Cephalaeschna orbifrons Selys, 1883 |
|
BG |
1,950–3,200 |
Arya (2015), Joshi et al.
(2018) |
LC |
|
|
Genus: Gynacantha |
|||||||
|
59 |
Gynacantha bayadera Selys, 1891 |
Parakeet Darner or Small
Duskhawker |
DDN |
0–2,100 |
De et al. (2021) |
LC |
|
|
60 |
Gynacantha khasiaca MacLachlan, 1896 |
Green Darner or Long-tailed
Duskhawker |
UKD, NTL |
200–1,000 |
Prasad & Sinha (2010),
Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
DD |
|
|
Genus: Gynacanthaeschna |
|||||||
|
61 |
Gynacanthaeschna sikkima (Karsch, 1891) |
|
DDN, CML, UTK |
|
De et al. (2021), Hämäläinen
(1989), Husain (2018), Prasad & Sinha (2010), Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
LC |
|
|
6. Superfamily: Gomphoidea
Rambur, 1842 |
|||||||
|
x. Family: Gomphidae Rambur,
1842 |
|||||||
|
Genus: Anisogomphus |
|||||||
|
62 |
Anisogomphus bivittatus Selys, 1854 |
Himalayan Longleg |
PG, PTG, CML, DDN, UTK |
700–3,600 |
Kumar (1995), Prasad &
Sinha (2010), Singh (2022), Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
LC |
|
|
63 |
Anisogomphus caudalis Fraser, 1926 |
Black-tailed Longleg |
PTG |
|
Kumar (1982), Prasad &
Sinha (2010) |
DD |
|
|
64 |
Anisogomphus occipitalis (Selys, 1854) |
Shivalik Clubtail |
DDN, PG, TG, PTG, CML, UTK |
460–1,830 |
De et al. (2021), Hämäläinen
(1989), Kumar (1982), Kumar (1995), Prasad & Sinha (2010), Kumar &
Prasad (1981) |
LC |
|
|
Genus: Anormogomphus |
|||||||
|
65 |
Anormogomphus heteropterus Selys, 1854 |
|
DDN |
|
De et al. (2021), Husain
(2018), Singh & Prasad (1976), Kumar (1995), Prasad & Sinha (2010),
Prasad & Singh (1995), Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
LC |
|
|
66 |
Anormogomphus kiritshenkoi Barteneff, 1913 |
|
DDN |
|
De et al. (2021), Singh &
Prasad (1976), Kumar (1995), Prasad & Sinha (2010), Kumar & Prasad
(1981) |
NT |
|
|
Genus: Burmagomphus |
|||||||
|
67 |
Burmagomphus hasimaricus Fraser, 1926 |
|
DDN |
760–920 |
De et al. (2021), Kumar (1995),
Prasad & Sinha (2010) |
DD |
|
|
68 |
Burmagomphus sivalikensis Laidlaw, 1922 |
|
DDN |
600 |
Fraser (1934), Kumar &
Prasad (1981), Kumar (1995), De et al. (2021), Kumar & Sharma
(2003), Meena & Sharma (2025),
Mitra (2000), Prasad & Sinha (2010) |
LC |
EN IND |
|
Genus: Davidius |
|||||||
|
69 |
Davidius aberrans spp. Selys, 1873 |
|
|
1,300–3,130 |
|
LC |
|
|
Davidius aberrans aberrans Selys, 1873 |
|
UKD, AL, NTL |
|
Fraser (1934), Kumar &
Prasad (1981), Prasad & Sinha (2010) |
|
|
|
|
70 |
Davidius kumaonensis Fraser, 1926 |
|
UKD |
|
Prasad & Sinha (2010) |
DD |
EN IND |
|
Genus: Ictinogomphus |
|||||||
|
71 |
Ictinogomphus rapax (Rambur, 1842) |
Rapacious Flangetail or Indian
Common Clubtail |
DDN |
0–1,700 |
De et al. (2021), Singh &
Prasad (1976), Kumar & Sharma (2003), Meena & Sharma (2025), Mitra
(2000), Kumar (1995), Prasad & Sinha (2010), Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
LC |
|
|
Genus: Nepogomphus |
|||||||
|
72 |
Nepogomphus modestus (Selys, 1878) |
Modest Pincertail |
DDN, PG, TG, PTG, AL, UTK |
1,000 |
De et al. (2021), Singh &
Prasad (1976), Husain (2018), Kumar (1982), Kumar (1995), Prasad & Sinha
(2010), Singh (2022), Prasad & Singh (1995), Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
LC |
|
|
Genus: Lamelligomphus |
|||||||
|
73 |
Lamelligomphus biforceps (Selys, 1878) |
Shiva Grabtail |
DDN, UTK, NTL |
1,800 |
De et al. (2021), Husain
(2018), Kumar (1995), Singh (2022), Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
LC |
|
|
64 |
Lamelligomphus risi (Fraser, 1922) |
|
DDN |
670–1,220 |
De et al. (2021), Singh &
Prasad (1976), Kumar (1995), Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
DD |
|
|
Genus: Nychogomphus |
|||||||
|
75 |
Nychogomphus duaricus (Fraser, 1924). |
Duar Tongtail |
DDN, HD, AL |
50–1,500 |
De et al. (2021), Kumar &
Sharma (2003), Meena & Sharma (2025), Mitra (2000), Vashishth et al.
(2002), Kumar (1995), Prasad & Sinha (2010), Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
LC |
|
|
Genus: Scalmogomphus |
|||||||
|
76 |
Scalmogomphus bistrigatus (Hagen in Selys,
1854) |
Toothed Pincertail |
DDN, TG, PTG, RDP, CML, UTK,
NTL |
|
De et al. (2021), Hämäläinen
(1989), Husain (2018), Kumar (1982), Kumar (1995), Prasad & Sinha (2010),
Singh (2022), Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
LC |
|
|
77 |
Scalmogomphus schmidti Fraser, 1937 |
|
DDN |
|
De et al. (2021), Hämäläinen
(1989) |
NE |
|
|
Genus: Ophiogomphus |
|||||||
|
78 |
Ophiogomphus cerastis Selys, 1854 |
|
DDN |
|
De et al. (2021), Husain
(2018), Singh & Prasad (1976), Kumar (1995) |
DD |
|
|
Genus: Paragomphus |
|||||||
|
79 |
Paragomphus lineatus (Selys, 1850) |
Lined Hooktail |
DDN, NTL, AL, PG |
|
De et al. (2021), Husain
(2018), Kumar & Sharma (2003), Meena & Sharma (2025), Mitra (2000),
Prasad & Sinha (2010), Singh (2022), Prasad & Singh (1995) |
LC |
|
|
7. Superfamily:
Cordulegastroidea Hagen, 1875 |
|||||||
|
xi. Family: Chlorogomphidae
Needham, 1903 |
|||||||
|
Genus: Chlorogomphus |
|||||||
|
80 |
Chlorogomphus atkinsoni (Selys, 1878) |
Atkinson’s Skydragon |
NTL |
|
Singh (2022) |
LC |
|
|
xii. Family: Cordulegastridae
Hagen, 1875 |
|||||||
|
Genus: Anotogaster |
|||||||
|
81 |
Anotogaster basalis ssp. Selys, 1854 |
Yellow-veined Goldenring |
NTL, AL, PTG, UTK, DDN, TG |
|
Kumar (1982), Prasad &
Sinha (2010), Singh (2022) |
DD |
|
|
Anotogaster basalis basalis Selys, 1854 |
|
NTL, AL, UTK |
|
Fraser (1936), Kumar &
Prasad (1981) |
|
|
|
|
82 |
Anotogaster nipalensis (Selys 1854) |
Nepal Goldenring |
PG, TG |
|
Prasad & Sinha (2010),
Singh (2022) |
LC |
|
|
Genus: Cordulegaster |
|
||||||
|
83 |
Cordulegaster parvistigma (Selys, 1873) |
|
UKD |
2,660–2,730 |
Prasad & Sinha (2010) |
DD |
EN IND |
|
Genus: Neallogaster |
|||||||
|
84 |
Neallogaster hermionae (Fraser, 1927) |
|
UKD |
|
Singh (2022) |
LC |
|
|
Genus: Thecagaster |
|||||||
|
85 |
Thecagaster bidentata (Selys, 1843) |
Sombre Goldenring |
AL |
|
Farooq & Arya (2018) |
LC |
|
|
86 |
Thecagaster brevistigma spp. (Selys, 1854) |
Yellow-Faced Goldenring |
DDN |
2,000–3,000 |
De et al. (2021), Prasad &
Sinha (2010) |
LC |
|
|
Thecagaster brevistigma
brevistigma (Selys,
1854) |
|
NTL |
|
Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
|
|
|
|
Thecagaster brevistigma folia (Selys, 1854) |
|
NTL |
|
Fraser (1936), Kumar &
Prasad (1981), Kumar (1995), Prasad & Sinha (2010) |
|
|
|
|
8. Superfamily: Libelluloidea
Leach, 1815 |
|||||||
|
xiii. Family: Macromiidae
Needham, 1903 |
|||||||
|
Genus: Epophthalmia |
|||||||
|
87 |
Epophthalmia vittata Burmeister, 1839 |
Common Torrent Hawk |
AL |
|
Kumar (1995), Prasad &
Sinha (2010), Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
LC |
|
|
Genus: Macromia |
|||||||
|
88 |
Macromia moorei Selys, 1874 |
|
DDN, TG, NTL, BG, AL, PTG, UTK |
600–2,380 |
De et al. (2021), Hämäläinen
(1989), Husain (2018), Kumar (1982), Singh & Prasad (1976), Arya (2015),
Joshi et al. (2004), Joshi et al. (2018), Kumar (1995), Prasad & Sinha
(2010), Singh (2022), Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
LC |
|
|
xiv. Family: Corduliidae Kirby,
1890 |
|||||||
|
Genus: Hemicordulia |
|||||||
|
89 |
Hemicordulia asiatica Selys, 1878 |
Asian Emerald |
UKD |
915–2,300 |
Prasad & Sinha (2010) |
LC |
|
|
xv. Family: Libellulidae Leach,
1815 |
|||||||
|
Genus: Acisoma |
|||||||
|
90 |
Acisoma panorpoides spp. Rambur, 1842 |
Asian Pintail, Grizzled Pintail
or Trumpet tail |
DDN, NTL, PG, UTK |
|
De et al. (2021), Meena &
Sharma (2025), Arya et al. (2023), Kumar (1995) |
LC |
|
|
Acisoma panorpoides panorpoides Rambur, 1842 |
|
DDN, NTL, PG, UTK |
|
Hämäläinen (1989), Mitra
(2000), Singh & Prasad (1976), Arya et al. (2021), Arya et al. (2024),
Prasad & Sinha (2010), Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
|
|
|
|
Genus: Aethriamanta |
|||||||
|
91 |
Aethriamanta brevipennis (Rambur, 1842) |
Scarlet Adjudant or Scarlet
Marsh Hawk |
NTL, CPT |
|
Arya et al. (2023), Arya et al.
(2024) |
LC |
|
|
Genus: Brachydiplax |
|||||||
|
92 |
Brachydiplax sobrina (Rambur, 1842) |
Little Blue Marsh Hawk |
DDN |
|
De et al. (2021), Husain
(2018), Kumar & Sharma (2003), Meena & Sharma (2025), Mitra (2000),
Singh & Prasad (1976), Kumar (1995), Prasad & Sinha (2010), Kumar
& Prasad (1981) |
LC |
|
|
Genus: Brachythemis |
|||||||
|
93 |
Brachythemis contaminata (Fabricius, 1793) |
Ditch Jewel, Common Amberwing
or Orange-winged Groundling |
DDN, PG, NTL, CPT |
|
De et al. (2021), Husain
(2018), Kumar & Sharma (2003), Meena & Sharma (2025), Mitra (2000),
Singh & Prasad (1976), Arya et al. (2024), Dev et al. (2009), Arya et al.
(2023), Kumar (1995), Prasad & Sinha (2010), Prasad & Singh (1995),
Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
LC |
|
|
Genus: Bradinopyga |
|||||||
|
94 |
Bradinopyga geminata (Rambur, 1842) |
Indian Rockdweller or Granite
Ghost |
DDN, NTL, PG |
|
De et al. (2021), Husain
(2018), Meena & Sharma (2025), Singh & Prasad (1976), Kumar (1995),
Prasad & Sinha (2010), Singh (2022), Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
LC |
|
|
Genus: Cratilla |
|||||||
|
95 |
Cratilla lineata spp. (Brauer,
1878) |
Emerald-Banded Skimmer or Lined
Forest-Skimmer |
DDN, NTL, PG |
|
Singh & Prasad (1976),
Singh (2022) |
LC |
|
|
Cratilla lineata calverti Forster, 1903 |
|
DDN, PG, NTL |
|
De et al. (2021), Kumar (1995),
Prasad & Sinha (2010), Prasad & Singh (1995), Kumar & Prasad
(1981) |
|
|
|
|
Genus: Crocothemis |
|||||||
|
96 |
Crocothemis erythraea spp. (Brullé,
1832) |
Broad Scarlet, Common
Scarlet-darter or Scarlet Darter |
DDN |
|
De et al. (2021) |
LC |
|
|
Crocothemis erythraea erythraea (Brullé, 1832) |
|
DDN |
|
Hämäläinen (1989), Prasad &
Sinha (2010) |
|
|
|
|
97 |
Crocothemis servilia (Drury, 1770) |
Oriental Scarlet or Scarlet
Skimmer |
DDN, HD, PG, TG, NTL, BG, AL,
PTG, CPT, CML, UTK |
0–1,000 |
De et al. (2021), Husain
(2018), Kumar (1982), Meena & Sharma (2025), Arya et al. (2023), Joshi et
al. (2004), Joshi et al. (2018), Arya (2015), Arya et al. (2021), Farooq
& Arya (2018) |
LC |
|
|
Crocothemis servilia servilia (Drury, 1770) |
|
DDN, HD, PG, NTL, AL, PTG, CML,
UTK |
|
Kumar & Sharma (2003),
Mitra (2000), Singh & Prasad (1976), Vashishth et al. (2002), Arya et al.
(2024), Kumar (1995), Prasad & Sinha (2010), Prasad & Singh (1995),
Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
|
|
|
|
Genus: Diplacodes |
|||||||
|
98 |
Diplacodes lefebvrii (Rambur, 1842) |
Black Percher or Black Ground
Skimmer |
DDN, AL, NTL |
|
De et al. (2021), Kumar &
Sharma (2003), Meena & Sharma (2025), Mitra (1999), Mitra (2000), Prasad
& Sinha (2010), Singh (2022) |
LC |
|
|
99 |
Diplacodes nebulosa (Fabricius, 1793) |
Black-tipped Percher,
Charcoal-winged Percher or Black tipped Percher |
DDN, NTL, PG, TG |
|
De et al. (2021), Kumar &
Sharma (2003), Meena & Sharma (2025), Mitra (2000), Singh & Prasad
(1976), Dev et al. (2009), Kumar (1995), Prasad & Sinha (2010), Singh
(2022), Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
LC |
|
|
100 |
Diplacodes trivialis Rambur, 1842 |
Chalky Percher, Blue Percher |
DDN, NTL, PG |
0–3,000 |
De et al. (2021), Kumar &
Sharma (2003), Mitra (2000), Singh & Prasad (1976), Kumar (1995), Prasad
& Sinha (2010), Singh (2022), Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
LC |
|
|
Genus: Hylaeothemis |
|||||||
|
101 |
Hylaeothemis gardeneri Fraser, 1927 |
|
DDN |
|
De et al. (2021), Kumar (1995),
Prasad & Sinha (2010), Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
DD |
EN IND |
|
Genus: Neurothemis |
|||||||
|
102 |
Neurothemis fulvia (Drury, 1773) |
Russet Parasol, Fulvous Forest
Skimmer |
DDN, HD, TG, NTL, UTK, PG |
0–2,390 |
Mitra (2000), De et al. (2021),
Singh & Prasad (1976), Hämäläinen (1989), Meena & Sharma (2025),
Husain (2018), Kumar & Sharma (2003), Vashishth et al. (2002), Kumar
(1995), Prasad & Sinha (2010), Singh (2022), Prasad & Singh (1995),
Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
LC |
|
|
103 |
Neurothemis intermedia spp. (Rambur, 1842) |
Paddyfield Parasol or Ruddy
Meadow Skimmer |
|
0–1,000 |
|
LC |
|
|
Neurothemis intermedia
intermedia (Rambur,
1842) |
|
DDN, PG |
|
De et al. (2021), Husain
(2018), Singh & Prasad (1976), Kumar (1995), Prasad & Sinha (2010),
Singh (2022), Prasad & Singh (1995), Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
|
|
|
|
104 |
Neurothemis tullia spp. (Drury, 1773) |
Pied Paddy Skimmer |
DDN, NTL |
|
Meena & Sharma (2025), De
et al. (2021) |
LC |
|
|
Neurothemis tullia tullia (Drury, 1773) |
|
DDN |
|
Singh & Prasad (1976),
Hämäläinen (1989), Kumar & Sharma (2003), Mitra (2000), Kumar (1995),
Prasad & Sinha (2010), Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
|
|
|
|
Genus: Orthetrum |
|||||||
|
105 |
Orthetrum coerulescens anceps (Schneider, 1845) |
Keeled Skimmer |
PG, UTK |
|
Prasad & Sinha (2010),
Singh (2022) |
LC |
|
|
106 |
Orthetrum brunneum spp. (Fonscolombe,
1837) |
Southern Skimmer |
DDN, PG |
|
De et al. (2021), Singh (2022) |
LC |
|
|
Orthetrum brunneum brunneum (Fonscolombe,
1837) |
|
DDN, PG, TG, NTL, AL, UTK |
|
Husain (2018), Singh &
Prasad (1976), Kumar (1995), Prasad & Sinha (2010), Prasad & Singh
(1995), Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
|
|
|
|
107 |
Orthetrum glaucum Brauer, 1865 |
Common Blue Skimmer or Blue
Marsh Hawk |
DDN, PG, TG, NTL, BG, AL, PTG,
CPT, RDP, CML, UTK |
|
De et al. (2021), Hämäläinen
(1989), Meena & Sharma (2025), Husain (2018), Kumar (1982), Singh &
Prasad (1976), Arya et al. (2023), Arya et al. (2024) Arya (2015), Joshi et
al. (2004), Joshi et al. (2018), Arya et al. (2021) Farooq & Arya (2018),
Verma and Arya (2020), Kumar (1995), Prasad & Sinha (2010), Kumar &
Prasad (1981) |
LC |
|
|
108 |
Orthetrum internum McLachlan, 1894 |
|
DDN, PG, NTL |
|
De et al. (2021), Husain
(2018), Singh & Prasad (1976), Prasad & Sinha (2010), Prasad &
Singh (1995), Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
NE |
|
|
109 |
Orthetrum luzonicum (Brauer, 1868) |
Tri-coloured Marsh Hawk or
Slender Blue Skimmer |
DDN, HD, PG, TG, NTL, PTG, UTK |
0–1,500 |
De et al. (2021), Husain
(2018), Singh & Prasad (1976), Hämäläinen (1989), Kumar (1982), Kumar
& Sharma (2003), Meena & Sharma (2025), Mitra (2000), Vashishth et
al. (2002), Kumar (1995), Prasad & Sinha (2010), Prasad & Singh
(1995), Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
LC |
|
|
110 |
Orthetrum pruinosum ssp. (Burmeister,
1839) |
Crimson-tailed Marsh Hawk |
DDN, NTL, CPT |
|
Arya et al. (2023), Arya et al.
(2024), Verma and Arya (2020) |
LC |
|
|
Orthetrum pruinosum neglectum (Burmeister, 1839) |
|
DDN, HD, PG, TG, NTL, BG, AL,
PTG, RDP, CML, UTK |
|
Mitra (2000), De et al. (2021),
Singh & Prasad (1976), Hämäläinen (1989), Kumar (1982), Kumar &
Sharma (2003), Meena & Sharma (2025), Husain (2018), Vashishth et al.
(2002), Arya et al. (2024), Arya (2015), Joshi et al. (2004), Joshi et al.
(2018), Arya et al. (2021), Farooq & Arya (2018), Kumar (1995), Prasad
& Sinha (2010), Prasad & Singh (1995), Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
|
|
|
|
111 |
Orthetrum sabina (Drury, 1770) |
Slender Skimmer or Green Marsh
Hawk |
DDN, NTL, CPT |
0–2,300 |
Singh & Prasad (1976), Arya
et al. (2023), Prasad & Singh (1995) |
LC |
|
|
Orthetrum sabina sabina (Drury, 1770) |
|
DDN, HD, PG, TG, NTL, BG, AL,
PTG, CML, RDP, UTK |
|
De et al. (2021), Hämäläinen
(1989), Husain (2018), Kumar & Sharma (2003), Meena & Sharma (2025),
Mitra (2000), Vashishth et al. (2002), Arya et al. (2024), Arya (2015), Joshi
et al. (2004), Joshi et al. (2018), Arya et al. (2021), Kumar (1995), Prasad
& Sinha (2010), Singh (2022), Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
|
|
|
|
112 |
Orthetrum taeniolatum (Schneider, 1845) |
Small Skimmer or Little Skimmer |
DDN, HD, PG, TG, NTL, BG, AL,
PTG, CPT, RDP, CML, UTK |
0–2,700 |
De et al. (2021), Hämäläinen
(1989), Husain (2018), Kumar (1982), Kumar & Sharma (2003), Meena &
Sharma (2025), Mitra (2000), Singh & Prasad (1976), Arya et al. (2024),
Arya et al. (2023), Joshi et al. (2002), Joshi et al. (2004), Arya et al.
(2021), Verma and Arya (2020), Kumar (1995), Prasad & Sinha (2010),
Prasad & Singh (1995), Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
LC |
|
|
113 |
Orthetrum triangulare ssp. (Selys, 1878) |
Blue-Tailed Forest Hawk |
DDN, NTL, CPT |
|
Arya et al. (2023), Verma &
Arya (2020), Farooq & Arya (2018) |
LC |
|
|
Orthetrum triangulare
triangulare (Selys,
1878) |
|
DDN, HD, PG, TG, NTL, AL, PTG,
CML, UTK, RDP |
|
De et al. (2021), Hämäläinen
(1989), Husain (2018), Singh & Prasad (1976), Meena & Sharma (2025),
Mitra (2000), Vashishth et al. (2002), Kumar (1982), DayakArya et al. (2024),
Kumar (1995), Prasad & Sinha (2010), Singh (2022), Prasad & Singh
(1995), Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
|
|
|
|
Genus: Palpopleura |
|||||||
|
114 |
Palpopleura sexmaculata ssp. (Fabricius,
1787) |
Asian Widow or Blue-tailed
Yellow Skimmer |
DDN, NTL, BG, PG, TG, AL, CML,
PTG, UTK |
|
De et al. (2021), Meena &
Sharma (2025), Kumar & Sharma (2003), Dev et al. (2009), Arya et al.
(2023), Arya (2015), Singh (2022) |
LC |
|
|
Palpopleura sexmaculata
sexmaculata
(Fabricius, 1787) |
|
DDN, HD, PG, TG, NTL, BG, PTG,
CML, UTK |
|
Singh & Prasad (1976),
Hämäläinen (1989), Kumar (1982), Mitra (2000), Vashishth et al. (2002), Arya
et al. (2024), Joshi et al. (2004), Kumar (1995), Prasad & Sinha (2010),
Prasad & Singh (1995), Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
|
|
|
|
Palpopleura sexmaculata
octomaculata (Fraser,
1935) |
|
DDN, PG, TG, NTL, AL, CML, UTK |
|
Husain (2018) |
|
|
|
|
Genus: Pantala |
|||||||
|
115 |
Pantala flavescens (Fabricius, 1798) |
Wandering Glider or Globe
Skimmer |
DDN, PG, HD, NTL, AL, CPT,
PTG, CML, TG, UTK |
|
De et al. (2021), Husain
(2018), Kumar (1982), Kumar & Sharma (2003), Meena & Sharma (2025),
Mitra (2000), Arya et al. (2023), Arya et al. (2024), Joshi et al. (2004),
Farooq & Arya (2018), Kumar (1995), Prasad & Sinha (2010), Singh
(2022), Prasad & Singh (1995), Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
LC |
|
|
Genus: Potamarcha |
|||||||
|
116 |
Potamarcha congener (Rambur, 1842) |
Yellow-tailed Ashy Skimmer,
Swampwatcher or Common Chaser |
DDN, PG |
0–1,700 |
De et al. (2021), Singh &
Prasad (1976), Prasad & Sinha (2010), Singh (2022), Prasad & Singh
(1995) |
LC |
|
|
Genus: Rhodothemis |
|||||||
|
117 |
Rhodothemis rufa (Rambur, 1842) |
Rufous Marsh Glider,
Spine-legged Redbolt or Common Redbolt |
NTL |
0–600 |
Arya et al. (2023), Arya et al.
(2024) |
LC |
|
|
Genus: Rhyothemis |
|||||||
|
118 |
Rhyothemis variegata ssp. (Linnaeus,
1763) |
Common Picture Wing or
Variegated flutterer |
DDN |
|
Kumar & Sharma (2003) |
LC |
|
|
Rhyothemis variegata variegata (Linnaeus, 1763) |
|
DDN |
|
De et al. (2021), Kumar &
Sharma (2003), Meena & Sharma (2025), Mitra (2000), Kumar (1995), Prasad
& Sinha (2010), Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
|
|
|
|
Genus: Sympetrum |
|||||||
|
119 |
Sympetrum commixtum (Selys,1884) |
Mountain Meadowhawk |
DDN, PG, NTL, BG, AL, PTG, RDP |
1,490–3,660 |
De et al. (2021), Hämäläinen
(1989), Husain (2018), Kumar (1982), Singh & Prasad (1976), Kumar (1995),
Prasad & Sinha (2010), Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
LC |
|
|
120 |
Sympetrum striolatum (Charpentier,
1840) |
Common Darter |
AL, DDN |
|
Farooq & Arya (2018), Singh
(2022) |
LC |
|
|
121 |
Sympetrum fonscolombii Selys, 1840 |
Red-veined Darter |
PTG, AL |
|
Prasad & Sinha (2010),
Singh (2022) |
LC |
|
|
122 |
Sympetrum speciosum Oguma, 1915 |
|
NTL |
|
Kumar (1995), Prasad &
Sinha (2010), Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
LC |
|
|
123 |
Sympetrum hypomelas (Selys, 1884) |
Yellow-banded Darter |
CML, AL, UTK |
0–2,850 |
Kumar (1995), Prasad &
Sinha (2010), Singh (2022), Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
LC |
|
|
Genus: Tetrathemis |
|||||||
|
124 |
Tetrathemis platyptera Selys, 1878 |
Pigmy Skimmer |
DDN, NTL, PG |
0–900 |
De et al. (2021), Kumar (1995),
Prasad & Sinha (2010), Singh (2022), Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
LC |
|
|
Genus: Tholymis |
|||||||
|
125 |
Tholymis tillarga (Fabricius, 1798) |
Coral-tailed Cloudwing or
Twister |
DDN, NTL |
|
De et al. (2021), Kumar &
Sharma (2003), Meena & Sharma (2025), Mitra (2000), Arya et al. (2024),
Kumar (1995), Prasad & Sinha (2010), Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
LC |
|
|
Genus: Tramea |
|||||||
|
126 |
Tramea basilaris ssp. (Palistot de
Beauvois, 1817) |
Keyhole Glider, Red Marsh
trotter or Wheeling Glider |
DDN |
|
De et al. (2021) |
LC |
|
|
Tramea basilaris burmeisteri Kirby,
1889 |
|
UKD, DDN |
|
Prasad & Sinha (2010),
Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
|
|
|
|
127 |
Tramea virginia (Rambur, 1842) |
Saddlebag Glider |
DDN, NTL, PG |
0–1,000 |
De et al. (2021), Kumar &
Sharma (2003), Meena & Sharma (2025), Mitra (2000), Prasad & Sinha
(2010), Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
LC |
|
|
Genus: Trithemis |
|||||||
|
128 |
Trithemis annulata (Palisot de
Beauvois, 1807) |
Violet Dropwing, Violet-marked
darter, Purple-blushed Darter or Plum-coloured Dropwing |
NTL |
|
Kaushal and Joshi (1988) |
LC |
|
|
129 |
Trithemis aurora (Burmeister, 1839) |
Crimson Dropwing or Crimson
Marsh Glider |
DDN, HD, PG, TG, NTL, PTG |
1,500 |
De et al. (2021), Hämäläinen
(1989), Husain (2018), Kumar (1982), Kumar & Sharma (2003), Meena &
Sharma (2025), Mitra (2000), Singh & Prasad (1976), Vashishth et al.
(2002), Kumar (1995), Prasad & Sinha (2010), Prasad & Singh (1995),
Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
LC |
|
|
130 |
Trithemis festiva (Rambur, 1842) |
Indigo Dropwing or Black Stream
Glider |
DDN, HD, PG, TG, NTL, AL, PTG,
CPT, CML, UTK |
0–2,000 |
De et al. (2021), Hämäläinen
(1989), Husain (2018), Kumar (1982), Kumar & Sharma (2003), Meena &
Sharma (2025), Mitra (2000), Singh & Prasad (1976), Vashishth et al.
(2002), Arya et al. (2023), Arya et al. (2024), Kumar (1995), Prasad &
Sinha (2010), Prasad & Singh (1995), Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
LC |
|
|
131 |
Trithemis kirbyi ssp. Selys, 1891 |
Orange-winged Dropwing, Scarlet
Rock Glider or Kirby’s dropwing |
DDN |
|
De et al. (2021) |
LC |
|
|
Trithemis kirbyi kirbyi Selys, 1891 |
|
DDN |
|
Singh & Prasad (1976),
Kumar (1995), Prasad & Sinha (2010), Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
|
|
|
|
132 |
Trithemis pallidinervis (Kirby, 1889) |
Dancing Dropwing or Long-legged
Marsh Glider |
DDN, PG, NTL, CPT |
0–800 |
De et al. (2021), Hämäläinen
(1989), Husain (2018), Kumar & Sharma (2003), Meena & Sharma (2025),
Mitra (2000), Singh & Prasad (1976), Arya et al. (2023), Arya et al.
(2024), Kumar (1995), Prasad & Singh (1995), Kumar & Prasad (1981) |
LC |
|
|
Genus: Urothemis |
|||||||
|
133 |
Urothemis signata ssp. (Rambur,
1842) |
Greater Crimson Glider |
DDN |
|
De et al. (2021), Meena &
Sharma (2025) |
LC |
|
|
Urothemis signata signata (Rambur, 1842) |
|
DDN |
|
Kumar & Sharma (2003),
Mitra (1999), Mitra (2000), Prasad & Sinha (2010) |
|
|
|
|
Genus: Zygonyx |
|||||||
|
134 |
Zygonyx torridus ssp. (Kirby, 1889) |
Ringed Cascader |
DDN, TG |
|
Singh (2022), Kumar &
Prasad (1981) |
LC |
|
|
Zygonyx torridus isis Fraser, 1924 |
|
DDN, TG, RDP |
|
De et al. (2021), Husain
(2018), Singh & Prasad (1976), Kumar (1995), Prasad & Sinha (2010) |
|
|
|
|
Genus: Zyxomma |
|||||||
|
135 |
Zyxomma petiolatum Rambur, 1842 |
Dingy Dusk-darter, Long-tailed
Duskdarter or Brown Dusk Hawk |
DDN |
|
De et al. (2021), Singh &
Prasad (1976), Kumar (1995), Prasad & Sinha (2010), Kumar & Prasad
(1981) |
LC |
|
AL—Almora | BG—Bageshwar |
CML—Chamoli | CPT—Champawat | DDN—Dehradun | HD—Haridwar | NTL—Nainital |
PG—Pauri Garhwal | PTG—Pithoragarh | RDP—Rudraprayag | TG—Tehri Garhwal |
UDM—Udham Singh Nagar | UTK—Uttarkashi; UKD—Uttarakhand | DD—Data Deficient |
LC—Least Concern | NE—Not Evaluated | NT—Near Threatened | EN IND—Endemic to
India.
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REFERENCES
Ali, M.Y.
& U. Niaz (2011). Role of Odonates as beneficial insects in nature. Agrihunt.
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Arya, M.K.
(2015). Observations on trophic levels of different groups of insect population
vis-à-vis insect pollinators in a protected forest ecosystem in the Western
Himalayas. Journal of Experimental Zoology 18(1): 271–277.
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