Journal of Threatened
Taxa | www.threatenedtaxa.org | 26 December 2025 | 17(12): 28083–28095
ISSN 0974-7907 (Online) | ISSN 0974-7893 (Print)
https://doi.org/10.11609/jott.10158.17.12.28083-28095
#10158 | Received 04 April 2025 | Final received 13 November 2025 |
Finally accepted 07 December 2025
A preliminary checklist of avian
fauna of the Raha sub-district of Nagaon, Assam, India
Bhrigumohan Manta 1 , Jonmani Kalita 2 , Afifa Kausar 3, Barnali Sarma 4 , Lalit Mohan Goswami 5 & Suranjan Debnath 6
1,2,5 Department of Zoology, Nagaon
University, Old A.T. Road, Nagaon, Assam 782001, India.
3 Department of Zoology, ADP
College, R.R.B. Road, Haiborgaon, Nagaon, Assam 782002, India.
4 Department of Biotechnology,
Kaliabor College, Kuwaritol, Kaliabor, Nagaon, Assam 782137, India.
6 Wild Aid Assam, Kaziranga, Assam
785609, India.
1 bhrigumohanmanta@gmail.com, 2
jonmani14@gmail.com, 3 afifakausar@gmail.com, 4 barnali.sarma@gmail.com,
5 goslalit@gmail.com (corresponding author), 6 debnathsuranjan26@gmail.com
Editor: H. Byju, Coimbatore,
Tamil Nadu, India. Date of publication: 26 December 2025 (online & print)
Citation: Manta,
B., J. Kalita, A. Kausar, B. Sarma, L.M. Goswami & S. Debnath (2025). A preliminary
checklist of avian fauna of the Raha sub-district of Nagaon, Assam, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa 17(12): 28083–28095. https://doi.org/10.11609/jott.10158.17.12.28083-28095
Copyright: © Manta et al. 2025. Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
JoTT allows unrestricted use, reproduction, and distribution of this article in
any medium by providing adequate credit to the author(s) and the source of
publication.
Funding: None.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
Author details: Bhrigumohan Manta is a graduate student in Zoology
(Honours) at Nagaon University, and Jonmani Kalita, PhD research scholar in the
Department of Zoology at Nagaon University, Nagaon. Suranjan Debnath, a wildlife photographer, is
associated with the NGO Wild Assam. Barnali Sarma serves as assistant professor of Biotechnology at Kaliabor College,
Nagaon, and Afifa Kausar is assistant professor of Zoology
at ADP College, Nagaon. Lalit Mohan Goswami is an assistant professor in the
Department of Zoology at Nagaon University.
Author
contributions: BG and JK contributed to manuscript
writing. BM and SB were responsible for data collection. LMG, AK, and BS
reviewed, edited, and critically analyzed the findings. BM and JK are acknowledged as equal contributors. The final draft of the manuscript was read and approved by all the authors.
Acknowledgements: We express our sincere gratitude
to Nagaon University and ADP College, Nagaon, for their valuable support during
the survey.
Abstract: The present study was conducted
from February 2024 to May 2025 in the Raha sub-district of Nagaon, Assam, to
provide the first avian checklist of the region. Surveys were conducted weekly,
with observations carried out on four days each week across five villages using
the point count method. One-hundred-and-one-bird species were documented,
representing 17 orders and 41 families. Passeriformes was the most represented
order, with 45 species, whereas Ardeidae contributed the highest number of
species (seven) among the families. Residency patterns showed that 81 species
were residents, 19 were winter migrants, and one summer migrant. Most species
(96) were ‘Least Concern’, while three were ‘Near Threatened’, and two were
‘Vulnerable’ according to the IUCN Red List. Most of the resident species were
observed in human-modified vegetation and forest edges. The occurrence of
species such as the Great Hornbill Buceros bicornis (Near Threatened),
River Tern Sterna aurantia (Vulnerable), Lesser Adjutant Leptoptilos
javanicus (Vulnerable), Blossom-headed Parakeet Psittacula roseata (Near
Threatened), and Red-breasted Parakeet Psittacula alexandri (Near
Threatened) underlines the conservation importance of the area. This study
provides baseline data for future ecological assessments and emphasizes the
need for long-term monitoring and conservation planning.
Keywords: Birds, conservation,
documentation, habitat, human settlements, IUCN Red List, migrants,
Passeriformes, point count.
Introduction
Avian diversity is an important
component of forest ecosystems, as the avifauna composition in any landscape
helps in conservation and associated ecosystems (Byju et al. 2025). Birds are
involved in pollination, seed dispersal, insect predation, and the consumption
of various resources. They are also widely used as indicators of habitat
quality and function as indicators of the areas they inhabit (Blair 1999;
Michel et al. 2020; Ceia et al. 2023).
Of the 1,353 species and
subspecies of avifauna reported from the Indian subcontinent (Naveen et al.
2025), approximately 700 species have been recorded in Assam, a northeastern
state of India. Owing to its location in the eastern Himalaya and the
Brahmaputra River basin, the state supports bird populations in Important Bird
and Biodiversity Areas (IBAs) as well as in urban and semi-urban sites,
including institutional campuses (Bhaduri & Rathod 2022; BirdLife
International 2022).
Monitoring bird populations can
yield valuable information on the health of ecosystems (Fraixedas et al. 2020).
Substantial contributions have been made to study the diversity, distribution,
and ecology of birds in Assam in recent years (Barua & Sharma 2005;
Choudhury 2006; Das & Deori 2010; Ahmed & Dey 2014; Chakdar et al. 2019;
Kakati et al. 2022; Rahmani et al. 2023). But many areas remain to be studied.
Therefore, extensive surveys are required to uncover all such unexplored
regions.
In this context, the present
study was conducted in the Raha sub-district of Nagaon, Assam. Despite its proximity
to forested and riverine habitats, no avifaunal documentation from this region
has been reported. Therefore, the current study provides the first avian
checklist for the area and establishes baseline data for future ecological
research and conservation initiatives.
Materials
and Methods
Study Area
The study was conducted in Raha
sub-district of Nagaon, located in central Assam within the Nagaon Forest
Division. The surveyed villages include Amsoi, Niz-Chahari, Balichara,
Boralimari, and Pachim Bula, situated between 26.116o–26.179o
N and 92.424o–92.438o E (Image 1). The surveyed villages
are located within a 46 km² landscape that exhibits marked topographical and
ecological variability. The area is bordered by the reserved forests of the
western division of the Nagaon Forest Division and the Karbi Hills to the
south, while the Kopili River flows along the northern boundary. A water
channel formed by the Kopili River, locally known as ‘Bula’ is also present in
the area. The landscape is composed of riverine and hilly terrain with paddy
fields, human settlements, open forests, moderately dense hill forests, and
floodplain habitats, such as swamps and marshes, with emergent vegetation.
Bird surveys
The study was conducted from
February 2024 to May 2025 using the point count method, with each count lasting
15 minutes (Drapeau et al. 1999). A total of 11 fixed point count stations were established across the study landscape, spaced 1.5–2.5
km apart and collectively visited 120 times during the study period (Naveen et
al. 2025). The points were selected to represent the major habitat types
present in the area, including paddy fields, human settlements, open forests,
moderately dense hill forests, and floodplain habitats such as swamps and
marshes with emergent vegetation. As the objective was to compile a species
list, point counts with an unlimited radius were applied (Bibby et al. 2000).
All birds that were seen and heard were recorded. Surveys were carried out
between 0600–0900 h and 1500–1700 h by teams of two to three observers, and GPS
coordinates were collected at each point. Field surveys were conducted four
days per week. Birds were observed with a spotting scope (20 × 60) and a Nikon
D5600 camera, and identification was performed using standard field guides
(Grimmett et al. 2016). Taxonomy followed the Clements et al. (2023). The
migratory status of the birds is given as per Billerman et al. (2022).
Results
A total of 101 bird species were
recorded, distributed across 17 orders and 41 families. Passeriformes was the
dominant order with 45 species, followed by Pelecaniformes with eight species,
Charadriiformes with seven species, Piciformes with six species,
Accipitriformes and Coraciiformes with five species each, and Columbiformes
with four species (Table 1; Figure 1; Image 2–5). Orders such as Anseriformes,
Gruiformes, Cuculiformes, Falconiformes, Ciconiiformes, Psittaciformes,
Strigiformes, and Suliformes were represented by fewer species. Among the
recorded families, Ardeidae contributed the highest number of species (seven),
followed by Sturnidae (six), Accipitridae (five), Columbidae, Muscicapidae, and
Picidae (four each). Families such as Charadriidae, Cuculidae, Rallidae,
Motacillidae, Nectariinidae, and Psittaculidae were represented by three
species each, while Falconidae, Alcedinidae, Alaudidae, Cisticolidae, Corvidae,
Dicruridae, Laniidae, Passeridae, Phylloscopidae, Pycnonotidae, and
Phalacrocoracidae had two species each. The remaining families, including
Anatidae, Bucerotidae, Upupidae, Jacanidae, Laridae, Scolopacidae, Ciconiidae,
Coraciidae, Meropidae, Aegithinidae, Campephagidae, Chloropseidae, Estrildidae,
Hirundinidae, Leiothrichidae, Monarchidae, Oriolidae, Ploceidae, Stenostiridae,
Turdidae, Vangidae, Zosteropidae, Threskiornithidae, Megalaimidae, Anhingidae,
and Strigidae, were each represented by a single species (Table 1). With
respect to conservation status, 96 species were listed as ‘Least Concern’,
three species as ‘Near Threatened’, and two species as ‘Vulnerable’ on the IUCN
Red List. Residency patterns showed that 81 species were resident, 19 were
winter migrants, and one summer migrant.
Discussion
This study recorded 101 bird
species across 17 orders and 41 families, comparable to the 228 species from 18
orders and 64 families reported in the Suang Reserve Forest, Assam (Bora et al.
2024). The higher representation of Passeriformes with 45 species indicates the
presence of heterogeneous habitat types in the study area (Hilaluddin &
Sharma 2008). Such patterns suggest that the forest supports good habitat
quality and retains significant biodiversity value (Saikia & Rabha 2006;
Byju et al. 2023).
Species including the Common
Hoopoe Upupa epops, Oriental Turtle Dove Streptopelia orientalis,
Red Collared Dove Streptopelia tranquebarica, Spotted Dove Spilopelia
chinensis, Yellow-footed Green Pigeon Treron phoenicopterus,
Indochinese Roller Coracias affinis, Common Hawk-Cuckoo Hierococcyx
varius, Bengal Bush Lark Mirafra assamica, Ashy Woodswallow Artamus
fuscus, Golden-fronted Leafbird Chloropsis aurifrons, Common
Tailorbird Orthotomus sutorius, Zitting Cisticola Cisticola juncidis,
House Crow Corvus splendens, Rufous Treepie Dendrocitta vagabunda,
Black Drongo Dicrurus macrocercus, White-rumped Munia Lonchura
striata, Jungle Babbler Argya striata, Oriental Magpie-Robin Copsychus
saularis, Crimson Sunbird Aethopyga siparaja, Little Spiderhunter Arachnothera
longirostra, Black-hooded Oriole Oriolus xanthornus, Red-vented
Bulbul Pycnonotus cafer, Black-crested Bulbul Rubigula flaviventris,
Grey-headed Canary Flycatcher Culicicapa ceylonensis, Indian Pied
Starling Gracupica contra, Chestnut-tailed Starling Sturnia
malabarica, Common Myna Acridotheres tristis, Jungle Myna Acridotheres
fuscus, Indian White-eye Zosterops palpebrosus, Blue-throated Barbet
Psilopogon asiaticus, Lineated Barbet Psilopogon lineatus,
Greater Flameback Chrysocolaptes guttacristatus, Black-rumped Flameback Dinopium
benghalense, and Brown-capped Pygmy Woodpecker Yungipicus nanus were
found to be abundant. These species were mostly observed in human-modified
vegetation and forest edges. As residents, they were frequently encountered in
the study area and adjoining agricultural lands. The prevalence of such species
indicates the adaptability of many resident birds to mosaic landscapes shaped
by anthropogenic activities. These areas, which include village surroundings
and cultivated fields, provide foraging and nesting opportunities, thereby
supporting a diverse assemblage of generalist and edge-tolerant bird species.
The area also lies within the
migratory route of the Amur Falcon Falco amurensis. This species was
observed in the study area between the first and third weeks of November. The
occurrence of species such as the Great Hornbill Buceros bicornis and
River Tern Sterna aurantia, both listed as ‘Vulnerable’, along with the
Lesser Adjutant Leptoptilos javanicus, Blossom-headed Parakeet Psittacula
roseata, and Red-breasted Parakeet Psittacula alexandri, categorized
as ‘Near Threatened’, highlights the conservation importance of the study area.
The persistence of these species indicates that their h abitat continues to provide critical resources,
although their threatened status underscores the need for targeted monitoring
and protection measures (Bora et al. 2024; Ali et al. 2025).
The only threat to the nearby
forest habitat observed during the study period was tree-felling by local inhabitants.
It is recommended that a detailed scientific study be undertaken on the
biodiversity of the reserve forest, including its avifaunal community, as no
previous documentation exists for this region. Such efforts would provide
essential information for future conservation planning, with a particular focus
on species of conservation concern. This survey provides important baseline
data on the region’s avifaunal composition, including the presence of several
‘Near Threatened’ and ‘Vulnerable’ species.
Conclusion
These findings highlight the
ecological importance of the area and its potential role in supporting both
resident and migratory bird populations of conservation concern.
Table 1. List of avian species
observed in the Raha sub-district of Nagaon
|
|
Common name |
Scientific name |
Current IUCN Red List status |
Residency |
|
Order: Accipitriformes Family: Accipitridae |
||||
|
|
Black Kite |
Milvus migrans (Boddaert, 1783) |
LC |
Resident |
|
Black-winged Kite |
Elanus caeruleus (Desfontaines,
1789) |
LC |
Resident |
|
|
Hen Harrier |
Circus cyaneus (Linnaeus, 1766) |
LC |
Winter Migrant |
|
|
Jerdons Baza |
Aviceda jerdoni (Blyth, 1842) |
LC |
Resident |
|
|
Shikra |
Tachyspiza badia (Gmelin, JF, 1788) |
LC |
Resident |
|
|
Order: Anseriformes Family: Anatidae |
||||
|
|
Lesser Whistling Duck |
Dendrocygna javanica (Horsfield, 1821) |
LC |
Resident |
|
Order: Bucerotiformes Family: Bucerotidae |
||||
|
|
Great Hornbill |
Buceros bicornis (Linnaeus, 1758) |
VU |
Resident |
|
Family: Upupidae |
||||
|
|
Eurasian Hoopoe |
Upupa epops (Linnaeus, 1758) |
LC |
Resident |
|
Order: Charadriiformes Family: Charadriidae |
||||
|
|
Grey-headed Lapwing |
Vanellus cinereus (Blyth, 1842) |
LC |
Winter Migrant |
|
Pacific Golden Plover |
Pluvialis fulva (Gmelin J.F., 1789) |
LC |
Winter Migrant |
|
|
Red-wattled Lapwing |
Vanellus indicus (Boddaert, 1783) |
LC |
Resident |
|
|
Family: Jacanidae |
||||
|
|
Bronze-winged Jacana |
Metopidius indicus (Latham, 1790) |
LC |
Resident |
|
Family: Laridae |
||||
|
|
River Tern |
Sterna aurantia (Gray, 1831) |
VU |
Resident |
|
Family: Scolopacidae |
||||
|
|
Common Snipe |
Gallinago gallinago (Linnaeus, 1758) |
LC |
Winter Migrant |
|
Wood Sandpiper |
Tringa glareola (Linnaeus, 1758) |
LC |
Winter Migrant |
|
|
Order: Ciconiiformes Family: Ciconiidae |
||||
|
|
Lesser Adjutant |
Leptoptilos javanicus (Horsfield, 1821) |
NT |
Resident |
|
Asian Openbill Stork |
Anastomus oscitans (Boddaert, 1783) |
LC |
Resident |
|
|
Order: Columbiformes Family: Columbidae |
||||
|
|
Oriental Turtle Dove |
Streptopelia orientalis (Latham, 1790) |
LC |
Resident |
|
Red-collared Dove |
Streptopelia tranquebarica (Hermann, 1804) |
LC |
Resident |
|
|
Spotted Dove |
Spilopelia chinensis (Scopoli, 1786) |
LC |
Resident |
|
|
Yellow-footed Green Pigeon |
Treron phoenicopterus (Latham, 1790) |
LC |
Resident |
|
|
Order: Coraciiformes Family: Alcedinidae |
||||
|
|
Common Kingfisher |
Alcedo atthis (Linnaeus, 1758) |
LC |
Resident |
|
White-throated Kingfisher |
Halcyon smyrnensis (Linnaeus, 1758) |
LC |
Resident |
|
|
Family: Coraciidae |
||||
|
|
Indochinese Roller |
Coracias affinis (Horsfield, 1840) |
LC |
Resident |
|
Family: Meropidae |
||||
|
|
Asian Green Bee-eater |
Merops orientalis (Latham, 1801) |
LC |
Resident |
|
Blue-tailed Bee-eater |
Merops philippinus (Linnaeus, 1767) |
LC |
Resident |
|
|
Order: Cuculiformes Family: Cuculidae |
||||
|
|
Asian Koel |
Eudynamys scolopaceus (Linnaeus, 1758) |
LC |
Resident |
|
Common Hawk-cuckoo |
Hierococcyx varius (Vahl, 1797) |
LC |
Resident |
|
|
Indian Cuckoo |
Cuculus micropterus (Gould, 1838) |
LC |
Summer Migrant |
|
|
Order: Falconiformes Family: Falconidae |
||||
|
|
Amur Falcon |
Falco amurensis (Radde, 1863) |
LC |
Winter Migrant |
|
Common Kestrel |
Falco tinnunculus (Linnaeus, 1758) |
LC |
Winter Migrant |
|
|
Order: Gruiformes Family: Rallidae |
||||
|
|
White-breasted Waterhen |
Amaurornis phoenicurus (Pennant, 1769) |
LC |
Resident |
|
Common Coot |
Fulica atra (Linnaeus, 1758) |
LC |
Winter Migrant |
|
|
Grey-headed Swamphen |
Porphyrio poliocephalus (Latham, 1801) |
LC |
Resident |
|
|
Order: Passeriformes Family: Alaudidae |
||||
|
|
Bengal Bush Lark |
Plocealauda assamica (Horsfield, 1840) |
LC |
Resident |
|
Family: Artamidae |
||||
|
|
Ashy Woodswallow |
Artamus fuscus (Vieillot, 1817) |
LC |
Resident |
|
Family: Aegithinidae |
||||
|
|
Common Iora |
Aegithina tiphia (Linnaeus, 1758) |
LC |
Resident |
|
Family: Campephagidae |
||||
|
|
Large Cuckooshrike |
Coracina macei (Lesson, 1831) |
LC |
Resident |
|
Family: Chloropseidae |
||||
|
|
Golden-fronted Leafbird |
Chloropsis aurifrons (Temminck, 1829) |
LC |
Resident |
|
Family: Cisticolidae |
||||
|
|
Common Tailorbird |
Orthotomus sutorius (Pennant, 1769) |
LC |
Resident |
|
Zitting Cisticola |
Cisticola juncidis (Rafinesque, 1810) |
LC |
Resident |
|
|
Family: Corvidae |
||||
|
|
House Crow |
Corvus splendens (Vieillot, 1817) |
LC |
Resident |
|
Rufous Treepie |
Dendrocitta vagabunda (Latham, 1790) |
LC |
Resident |
|
|
Family: Dicruridae |
||||
|
|
Black Drongo |
Dicrurus macrocercus (Vieillot, 1817) |
LC |
Resident |
|
Hair-crested Drongo |
Dicrurus hottentottus (Linnaeus, 1766) |
LC |
Resident |
|
|
Family: Estrildidae |
||||
|
|
White-rumped Munia |
Lonchura striata (Linnaeus, 1766) |
LC |
Resident |
|
Family: Hirundinidae |
||||
|
|
Barn Swallow |
Hirundo rustica (Linnaeus, 1758) |
LC |
Winter Migrant |
|
Family: Laniidae |
||||
|
|
Brown Shrike |
Lanius cristatus (Linnaeus, 1758) |
LC |
Winter Migrant |
|
Long-tailed Shrike |
Lanius schach (Linnaeus, 1758) |
LC |
Winter Migrant |
|
|
Family: Leiothrichidae |
||||
|
|
Jungle Babbler |
Argya striata (Dumont, 1823) |
LC |
Resident |
|
Family: Monarchidae |
||||
|
|
Black-naped Monarch |
Hypothymis azurea (Boddaert, 1783) |
LC |
Resident |
|
Family: Motacillidae |
||||
|
|
Citrine Wagtail |
Motacilla citreola (Pallas, 1776) |
LC |
Winter Migrant |
|
White Wagtail |
Motacilla alba (Linnaeus, 1758) |
LC |
Winter Migrant |
|
|
Paddy-field pipit |
Anthus rufulus (Vieillot, 1818) |
LC |
Resident |
|
|
Family: Muscicapidae |
||||
|
|
Oriental magpie-Robin |
Copsychus saularis (Linnaeus, 1758) |
LC |
Resident |
|
Taiga Flycatcher |
Ficedula albicilla (Pallas, 1811) |
LC |
Winter Migrant |
|
|
Siberian Stonechat |
Saxicola maurus (Pallas, 1773) |
LC |
Winter Migrant |
|
|
Whinchat |
Saxicola rubetra (Linnaeus, 1758) |
LC |
Winter Migrant |
|
|
Family: Nectariinidae |
||||
|
|
Crimson Sunbird |
Aethopyga siparaja (Raffles, 1822) |
LC |
Resident |
|
Little Spiderhunter |
Arachnothera longirostra (Latham, 1790) |
LC |
Resident |
|
|
Purple Sunbird |
Cinnyris asiaticus (Latham, 1790) |
LC |
Resident |
|
|
Family: Oriolidae |
||||
|
|
Black-hooded Oriole |
Oriolus xanthornus (Linnaeus, 1758) |
LC |
Resident |
|
Family: Passeridae |
||||
|
|
Eurasian Tree Sparrow |
Passer montanus (Linnaeus, 1758) |
LC |
Resident |
|
House Sparrow |
Passer domesticus (Linnaeus, 1758) |
LC |
Resident |
|
|
Family: Phylloscopidae |
||||
|
|
Tickell’s Leaf Warbler |
Phylloscopus affinis (Tickell, 1833) |
LC |
Winter Migrant |
|
Dusty Warbler |
Phylloscopus fuscatus (Blyth, 1842) |
LC |
Winter Migrant |
|
|
Family: Ploceidae |
||||
|
|
Baya Weaver |
Ploceus philippinus (Linnaeus, 1766) |
LC |
Resident |
|
Family: Pycnonotidae |
||||
|
|
Red-vented Bulbul |
Pycnonotus cafer (Linnaeus, 1766) |
LC |
Resident |
|
Black-crested Bulbul |
Rubigula flaviventris (Tickell, 1833) |
LC |
Resident |
|
|
Family: Stenostiridae |
||||
|
|
Grey-headed Canary Flycatcher |
Culicicapa ceylonensis (Swainson, 1820) |
LC |
Resident |
|
Family: Sturnidae |
||||
|
|
Indian Pied Starling |
Gracupica contra (Linnaeus, 1758) |
LC |
Resident |
|
Chestnut-tailed Starling |
Sturnia malabarica (Gmelin, 1789) |
LC |
Resident |
|
|
Common Myna |
Acridotheres tristis (Linnaeus, 1766) |
LC |
Resident |
|
|
Common Hill Myna |
Gracula religiosa (Linnaeus, 1758) |
LC |
Resident |
|
|
Jungle Myna |
Acridotheres fuscus (Wagler, 1827) |
LC |
Resident |
|
|
Spot-winged Starling |
Saroglossa spiloptera (Vigors, 1831) |
LC |
Winter Migrant |
|
|
Family: Turdidae |
||||
|
|
Orange-headed Thrush |
Geokichla citrina (Latham, 1790) |
LC |
Resident |
|
Family: Vangidae |
||||
|
|
Common Woodshrike |
Tephrodornis pondicerianus (Gmelin, 1789) |
LC |
Resident |
|
Family: Zosteropidae |
||||
|
|
Indian White-eye |
Zosterops palpebrosus (Temminck, 1824) |
LC |
Resident |
|
Order: Pelecaniformes Family: Ardeidae |
||||
|
|
Cattle Egret |
Bubulcus ibis (Linnaeus, 1758) |
LC |
Resident |
|
Cinnamon Bittern |
Ixobrychus cinnamomeus (Gmelin, 1789) |
LC |
Resident |
|
|
Eastern Cattle Egret |
Bubulcus coromandus (Boddaert, 1783) |
LC |
Resident |
|
|
Great Egret |
Ardea alba (Linnaeus, 1758) |
LC |
Resident |
|
|
Indian Pond Heron |
Ardeola grayii (Sykes, 1832) |
LC |
Resident |
|
|
Little Egret |
Egretta garzetta (Linnaeus, 1766) |
LC |
Resident |
|
|
Purple Heron |
Ardea purpurea (Linnaeus, 1766) |
LC |
Resident |
|
|
Family: Threskiornithidae |
||||
|
|
Glossy Ibis |
Plegadis falcinellus (Linnaeus, 1766) |
LC |
Resident |
|
Order: Piciformes Family: Megalaimidae |
||||
|
|
Blue-throated Barbet |
Psilopogon asiaticus (Latham, 1790) |
LC |
Resident |
|
Lineated Barbet |
Psilopogon lineatus (Vieillot, 1816) |
LC |
Resident |
|
|
Family: Picidae |
||||
|
|
Greater Flameback |
Chrysocolaptes guttacristatus (Tickell, 1833) |
LC |
Resident |
|
Black-rumped Flameback |
Dinopium benghalense (Linnaeus, 1758) |
LC |
Resident |
|
|
Brown-capped Pygmy Woodpecker |
Yungipicus nanus (Vigors, 1832) |
LC |
Resident |
|
|
Rufous Woodpecker |
Micropternus brachyurus (Vieillot, 1818) |
LC |
Resident |
|
|
Order: Psittaciformes Family: Psittaculidae |
||||
|
|
Rose-ringed Parakeet |
Psittacula krameri (Scopoli, 1769) |
LC |
Resident |
|
Blossom-headed Parakeet |
Psittacula roseata (Biswas, 1951) |
NT |
Resident |
|
|
Red-breasted Parakeet |
Psittacula alexandri (Linnaeus, 1758) |
NT |
Resident |
|
|
Order: Suliformes Family: Anhingidae |
||||
|
|
Oriental Darter |
Anhinga melanogaster (Pennant, 1769) |
LC |
Resident |
|
Family: Phalacrocoracidae |
||||
|
|
Little Cormorant |
Microcarbo niger (Vieillot, 1817) |
LC |
Resident |
|
Great Cormorant |
Phalacrocorax carbo (Linnaeus, 1758) |
LC |
Resident |
|
|
Order: Strigiformes Family: Strigidae |
||||
|
|
Spotted Owlet |
Athene brama (Temminck, 1821) |
LC |
Resident |
|
Barred Owlet |
Glaucidium cuculoides (Vigors, 1830) |
LC |
Resident |
|
IUCN—International Union for
Conservation of Nature | LC—Least Concern | NT—Near Threatened | VU—Vulnerable.
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